Oracle 10g R2 for Solaris x86在Solaris 11上的安装
最近因为需要，在学习Solaris系统上的Oracle应用的开发。于是从SUN公司的网站上下载了Solaris 11 for x86，从Oracle网站上下载了Oracle 10g Realse 2（10.2.0.2）x86，安装学习。由于初次接触Solaris系统，虽然参考了Oracle的安装文档B15697，《Oracle Database Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) for Solaris Operationg System (x86)》，整个安装过程还是颇费周折，在这里记录下来安装过程，与大家分享，也方便日后参考。
1. 安装操作系统
从SUN公司的网站上下载了Solaris 11。它捆绑了许多实用的软件，如Sun Studio 10, OpenOffice, MySql, Gedit, Realplay, Mplay等等，且在Oracle安装文档中提及的软件包和补丁都不用另行再安装了。
2. 下载Oralce 10g R2 for Solaris x86
10202_database_solx86.zip
3. 解压软件
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#unzip 10202_database_solx86.zip
注意：一定要在Solaris环境的终端环境中用unzip工具解压，否则都解压不完全。我在Windows下，和在Solaris文件管理器中解压都出错，而且还不报错，害我一直以为自己系统其它配置不对，为此郁闷近两个星期。
4. 增加oracle用户和组
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#groupadd oinstall
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#groupadd dba
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#groupadd oper
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#useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /export/home/oracle oracle
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#mkdir /export/home/oracle
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#chown oracl:oinstall /export/home/oracle
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#passwd oracle
5. 设置环境变量
a. 修改 /etc/system，在其中添加
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#/etc/system
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set semsys:seminfo_semmni=100
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set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=256
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set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=4294967295
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set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=100
注意：修改后重新启动系统，使之生效。
b. 以root用户身份，添加group.dba项目
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#projadd -U oracle -p 100 group.dba
c. 修改/etc/user_attr，在其中添加
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oracle::::project=group.dba
d. 切换到oracle用户环境，用id -p命令检验b、c两步的正确性。
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#su oracle
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$id -p
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uid=100(oracle) gid=100(dba) projid=100(group.dba)
注意：如果id -p命令结果是oracle用户的默认project是新建的group.dba，则说明b、c两步操作正确。
e. 查看项目group.dba的资源配置
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#prctl -n project.max-shm-memory -i project group.dba
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project: 100: oracle
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NAME PRIVILEGE VALUE FLAG ACTION RECIPIENT
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project.max-shm-memory privileged 2.00GB - deny
f. 调整项目group.dba的资源分配
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#prctl -n project.max-shm-memory -v 4gb -r -i project group.dba
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#projmod -sK "project.max-shm-memory=(privileged,4294967295,deny)" group.dba
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第一命令动态调整项目group.dba资源配置值，第二命令将调整值写入/etc/project文件中，使系统重启后调整值依然有效。
注意：为了调整项目group.dba的资源配置，必须保证系统此时至少有一个会话是以oracle用户身份登录的。即为了调整oracle用户的项目group.dba的资源，必须至少另开一个终端，以su oracle切换到oracle用户身份。
查看调整后的结果：
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#cat /etc/project
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system:0::::
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user.root:1::::
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noproject:2::::
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default:3::::
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group.staff:10::::
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group.dba:100::::project.max-shm-memory=(privileged,4294967295,deny)
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#
6. 创建oracle数据库的安装目录
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#mkdir -p /database/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
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#mkdir -p /database/app/oracle/oradata
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#mkdir -p /database/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
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#chown -R oracle:oinstall /database
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#chmod -R 755 /database
7. 创建oracle用户的启动文件/export/home/oracle/.profile，在其中设置oracle用户的环境参数。
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#/export/home/oracle/.profile
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#tmp directory settings
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TMP=/tmp
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export TMP
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TMPDIR=$TMP
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export TMPDIR
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#oracle settings
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ORACLE_BASE=/database/app/oracle
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export ORACLE_BASE
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ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
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export ORACLE_HOME
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ORACLE_SID=jshu
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export ORACLE_SID
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#path settings
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PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
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export PATH
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#display settings
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DISPLAY=jinsonghu:0.0
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export DISPLAY
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#umask settings
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umask 022
8. 启动OUI，安装oracle数据库
a. 首先，以root用户身份登录，给予终端运行X Window的权限
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$su -
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#xhost +jinsonghu
b. 切换到oracle用户，保证启动文件得以运行，环境参数得以设置
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#su oracle
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$. /export/home/oracle/.profile
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注意：第二行中，.和/中间要有一个空格。
c. 进入前面用unzip解压后的目录，修改Oracle安装程序的两个配置文件：database/install/oraparam.ini和database/install/oraparamsilent.ini。将其中的5.10
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Solaris=5.10
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Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,redhat-4,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2
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……
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……
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……
改成5.11。
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Solaris=5.11
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Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,redhat-4,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2
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……
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……
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……
注意：因为Oracle 10g R2 for Solaris x86的默认Solaris版本是Solaris 10。
c. 启动OUI
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$./runInstaller
一旦oracle数据库的安装界面起来了，后面的安装就简单了，其中在系统检查是发现系统是Solaris 11，会出现警告，忽略就行了。
9. 启动oracle数据库。类似于在Windows中开启数据库监听服务和数据库实例服务
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#su oracle
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$lsnrctl start
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$sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
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SQL>startup
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SQL>exit
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$
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10. 在服务器端，启动OEM管理器。类似于在Windows中开启OEM管理服务
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$emctl start dbconsole
11. 停止OEM管理器
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$emctl stop dbconsole
注意：如果启动OEM管理器时，系统提示说系统中已有一个OEM管理器实例在运行了，但是浏览器中输入
http://jinsonghu:1158/em
后，却打不开OEM管理页面，则先停止当前实例的运行，即先运行emctl stop dbconsole，再重新启动OEM管理器，emctl start dbconsole。
12. 停止oracle数据库
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$sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
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SQL>shutdown immediate
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SQL>exit
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$lsnrctl stop
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