Ruby1.9的隐藏参数"--dump"
转：skandhasRuby1.9的隐藏参数"--dump"
前几天，我的同事老高在看Ruby1.9.2源码的时候，发现Ruby1.9有一个隐藏参数:"--dump"(注意是两个减号). 下面具体说说这个参数:
1. --dump 参数
--dump 可以打印出ruby及指定脚本的相关信息，具体如下：
其中有几项的内容我们已经熟悉，例如:version,copyright,usage. 不过这次我们感兴趣的是parsetree和insns的内容。
parsetree -- 打印指定脚本的Parse Tree
insns -- 打印指定脚本的RubyVM(YARV)指令
2. 具体用法举例
假设有一个已经写好的脚本1.rb,存放在C盘。我们可以如下使用"--dump"参数:
ruby --dump parsetree c:\1.rb
3.测试结果
测试脚本:
Ruby代码class A
def hello
puts 'Hello'
end
end
A.new.hello打印RubyVM指令：ruby --dump insns c:\1.rb
输出
Rubyvm指令代码== disasm: <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:<main>@c:/1.rb>=================
0000 trace 1 ( 1)
0002 putspecialobject 3
0004 putnil
0005 defineclass :A, <class:A>, 0
0009 pop
0010 trace 1 ( 7)
0012 getinlinecache 19, <ic:0>
0015 getconstant :A
0017 setinlinecache <ic:0>
0019 send :new, 0, nil, 0, <ic:1>
0025 send :hello, 0, nil, 0, <ic:2>
0031 leave
== disasm: <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:<class:A>@c:/1.rb>==============
0000 trace 2 ( 1)
0002 trace 1 ( 2)
0004 putspecialobject 1
0006 putspecialobject 2
0008 putobject :hello
0010 putiseq hello
0012 send :"core#define_method", 3, nil, 0, <ic:0>
0018 trace 4 ( 5)
0020 leave ( 2)
== disasm: <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:hello@c:/1.rb>==================
0000 trace 8 ( 2)
0002 trace 1 ( 3)
0004 putnil
0005 putstring "Hello"
0007 send :puts, 1, nil, 8, <ic:0>
0013 trace 16 ( 4)
0015 leave ( 3)打印ParseTree：ruby --dump parsetree c:\1.rb
输出:
Parse tree代码###########################################################
## Do NOT use this node dump for any purpose other than##
## debug and research.Compatibility is not guaranteed. ##
###########################################################
# @ NODE_SCOPE (line: 7)
# +- nd_tbl: (empty)
# +- nd_args:
# | (null node)
# +- nd_body:
# @ NODE_BLOCK (line: 1)
# +- nd_head:
# | @ NODE_CLASS (line: 1)
# | +- nd_cpath:
# | | @ NODE_COLON2 (line: 1)
# | | +- nd_mid: :A
# | | +- nd_head:
# | | (null node)
# | +- nd_super:
# | | (null node)
# | +- nd_body:
# | @ NODE_SCOPE (line: 5)
# | +- nd_tbl: (empty)
# | +- nd_args:
# | | (null node)
# | +- nd_body:
# | @ NODE_DEFN (line: 2)
# | +- nd_mid: :hello
# | +- nd_defn:
# | @ NODE_SCOPE (line: 4)
# | +- nd_tbl: (empty)
# | +- nd_args:
# | | @ NODE_ARGS (line: 2)
# | | +- nd_frml: 0
# | | +- nd_next:
# | | | @ NODE_ARGS_AUX (line: 2)
# | | | +- nd_rest: (null)
# | | | +- nd_body: (null)
# | | | +- nd_next:
# | | | (null node)
# | | +- nd_opt:
# | | (null node)
# | +- nd_body:
# | @ NODE_FCALL (line: 3)
# | +- nd_mid: :puts
# | +- nd_args:
# | @ NODE_ARRAY (line: 3)
# | +- nd_alen: 1
# | +- nd_head:
# | | @ NODE_STR (line: 3)
# | | +- nd_lit: "Hello"
# | +- nd_next:
# | (null node)
# +- nd_next:
# @ NODE_BLOCK (line: 7)
# +- nd_head:
# | @ NODE_CALL (line: 7)
# | +- nd_mid: :hello
# | +- nd_recv:
# | | @ NODE_CALL (line: 7)
# | | +- nd_mid: :new
# | | +- nd_recv:
# | | | @ NODE_CONST (line: 7)
# | | | +- nd_vid: :A
# | | +- nd_args:
# | | (null node)
# | +- nd_args:
# | (null node)
# +- nd_next:
# (null node)
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