expect 初步
本地交互执行：1. 修改shell
#!/usr/bin/expect
set USER
set SHELL
set timeout 3
spawn chsh $USER
expect "*]:*" { send "$SHELL\r" }
expect eof
# ./chsh.sh user1 /bin/tcsh
2. 修改密码
#!/usr/bin/expect
set USER
set PASS "1q2w#E\$R"
set timeout 3
spawn passwd $USER
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
expect eof
# ./pass.sh user1
或把用户和密码都作为参数
#!/usr/bin/expect
set USER
set PASS
set timeout 3
spawn passwd $USER
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
expect eof
# ./pass.sh ttt 1q2w#E$R
# ./pass.sh ttt "1q2w#E\$R"
总结：expect 必须要匹配最后一个输出字符。
远程交互ssh 登录：
1. 设置变量，执行多命令。
#!/usr/bin/expect
set IP "10.85.138.42"
set timeout 3
spawn ssh ${IP}
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*assword*" { send "root\r"}
expect "*#*" { send "ls\r" }
expect "*#*" { send "touch /tanjiyong/newfile\r" }
expect eof
#./exp.sh
2. 增加参数。
#!/usr/bin/expect
set IP
set USER
set timeout 3
spawn ssh $USER@${IP}
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*assword*" { send "root\r"}
expect "*#*" { send "ls\r" }
expect "*#*" { send "touch /tanjiyong/newfile\r" }
expect eof
#./exp.sh 10.85.138.42 root
3. ssh 登录，执行时间超过timeout时间，设定timeout为-1(无限制)。
#!/usr/bin/expect
set IP
set USER
set IP2
set timeout 3
spawn ssh $USER@${IP}
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*assword*" { send "root\r"}
expect "*#*" { send "ls\r" }
expect "*#*" { send "ping $IP2\r" }
set timeout -1
expect "*#*" { send "exit 1\r" }
expect eof
4. ssh 登录，使用循环，在30台机器执行相同命令。
#!/usr/bin/expect
set USER root
set PASS root
for {set i 1} {$i<=30} {incr i} {
spawn ssh -l $USER 125.1.1.$i
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*assword*" { send "$PASS\r"}
expect "*#*" { send "find / -name hao.txt\r" }
expect eof
}
#./exp.sh 本地远程交互执行：
1. spawn 执行scp
#!/usr/bin/expect
set PASS root
set timeout 3
spawn scp /etc/passwd root@10.85.138.42:/tanjiyong
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
set timeout -1
expect "*#*" { send "exit 1\r" }
# ./scp.sh
使用-- send
#!/usr/bin/expect --
set PASS root
set USER root
set IP 10.85.138.42
set env(SHELL) /bin/bash
set timeout 1
spawn $env(SHELL) #spawn /bin/bash
expect "*#*" { send "/usr/bin/scp /etc/passwd $USER@$IP:/tanjiyong\r" }
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
set timeout -1#复制的时间较长，设置为timeout无限制
expect "*#*" { send "exit 1\r" }
#!/usr/bin/expect
set PASS root
set USER root
set IP 10.85.138.42
set env(SHELL) /bin/bash
set timeout 1
spawn $env(SHELL)
expect "*#*" { send -- "/usr/bin/scp /etc/passwd $USER@$IP:/tanjiyong\r" }
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
set timeout -1#复制的时间较长，设置为timeout无限制
expect "*#*" { send "exit 1\r" }
#!/usr/bin/expect
set timeout 3
set env(SHELL) /bin/bash
spawn \$env(SHELL)
expect -exact "# "
send -- "scp $TAR_NAME ${USERNAME}@${DESTIP}:${DESTDIR}\r"
expect {
"*yes/no*" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
"Password: " { send "hw2009\r" }
}
set timeout -1#复制的时间较长，设置为timeout无限制
expect "# "
send "exit\r"
expect eof
2. expect 搜索块
#!/usr/bin/expect
set PASS root
set timeout 3
spawn scp /etc/passwd root@10.85.138.42:/tanjiyong
expect {
"*yes/no*" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
"Password: " { send "$PASS\r" }
}
set timeout -1
expect "*#*" { send "exit 1\r" }
# ./scp.sh
3. 判断
#!/usr/bin/expect
set PASS
set USER root
set IP 10.85.138.42
set env(SHELL) /bin/bash
set timeout 1
spawn $env(SHELL)
expect "*#*" { send "/usr/bin/scp /etc/passwd $USER@$IP:/tanjiyong\r" }
expect {
"*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
"*Password:*" { send "$PASS\r" }
}
expect "*Password:*" { send_user "\nPasswd error!\n";exit 1 }
set timeout -1
expect "# " { send "exit 1\r" }
expect eof
# ./scp.sh
4. rsync 备份使用。
#!/usr/bin/expect --
spawn ssh backup@10.85.138.212
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send "yes\r"
}
"Password" {
send "123456\r"
}
}
send "rsync -avz rsync@10.85.138.212:/home/html /opt\r"
expect "total size"
expect {
"rsync error" {
exit 1
}
}
expect "# "
send "exit\r"
interact#expect eof
脚本中使用：
#!/bin/bash
echo "Start..."
cat << EOF > /expectfile
#!/usr/bin/expect
set PASS root
set USER root
set IP 10.85.138.42
set env(SHELL) /bin/bash
set timeout 1
spawn \$env(SHELL)#必须加上\，不然会被置换为空。
expect "*#*" { send "/usr/bin/scp /etc/passwd \$USER@\$IP:/tanjiyong\r" }
expect "*yes/no*" { send "yes\r" }
expect "*Password:*" { send "\$PASS\r" }
set timeout -1
expect "# " { send "exit 1\r" }
expect eof
EOF
expect -f /expectfile
echo "$?"
echo "finished backup.."
相关：
exit 1/exit#停止执行，退出脚本
expect eof #脚本结束
expect -exact "# " #精确匹配
expect "# "
expect "*#*" #模糊匹配
exp_continue #在同一个expect块里，做多次匹配。
send #发送命令。
send_user #打印终端信息。用法与send一致。
附：修改SSH Client为非ask模式
vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config
# StrictHostKeyChecking ask
StrictHostKeyChecking no 参考：自动登录
#!/usr/bin/expect
if {$argc!=3} { # 疑问：参数个数($#)
send_user "Usage: $argv0 {Array IP} {Password} {CMD}\n\n"
exit
}
set IP
set Password
set CMD
spawn ssh admin@$IP
expect {
"Password:" {
exec sleep 1
send "${Password}\r"
}
"*continue connecting*" {
exec sleep 1
send "yes\r"
expect"*Password:" {
exec sleep 1
send "${Password}\r"
}
}
}
expect {
"*Password*" { send_user "\n1:Password error!\n"
exit
}
"*already*" { send_user "\n2:Repeated login!\n"
exit
}
"OceanStor: admin>" { send "${CMD}\r"
}
}
expect "*>"
send "exit\r"
expect "*closed*"
exit
脚本2
#!/usr/bin/expect
set ipaddress
set passwd
spawn ssh -p 22 root@$ipaddress
expect {
"want" {send -- "yes\r"; exp_continue}
"password:" {send -- "$passwd"}
"No route" { exit }
}
set timeout 5
send "\n"
expect "*justin*"
send "pwd\r"
expect "*OK*"
send "exit\r"
expect eof :em02:这么好的帖子都没人收藏，我先板凳一个 好 。有深度 太深了，看不懂 LZ程序高手啊:em17: :D 工作中总结出来的
对不起各位，没有把帖子用格式格式化一下。:dizzy:
主要是分为各种场景使用expect语句。 这个问题遇到过没有：
expet 自动登录远端主机等待接收CTRL+C
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=4139907&fromuid=22350698
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