学用py-rrdtool_lgpl

ljwsy

前言
前段时间学习PY，并写了个小脚本用于阻断sshd扫描，工作得很好，但查看统计数据时只能是文本。心中想“如果是图形统计就好了”，图形——自然而然是用cacti了，于是着手做……经过N多努力数据是进了，图形怎么都不出来。这可不能怨谁，哪个让我对rrdtool不熟悉呢……还是先去啃rrdtool吧。又经过N多努力，有点门道了，嘿嘿，大家一起来学吧。

环境

stu# uname -a
FreeBSD stu.xxx.cn 9.0-STABLE FreeBSD 9.0-STABLE #0: Fri May 18 22:02:36 CST 2012     ljwsy@stu.xxx.cn:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/STU  i386
stu# pkg_info | grep python
python26-2.6.8      An interpreted object-oriented programming language
python31-3.1.5      An interpreted object-oriented programming language
stu# pkg_info | grep rrdtool
py26-rrdtool_lgpl-1.0b1_2 Python interface to RRDTool, the graphing and logging utili
rrdtool-1.4.7_1     Round Robin Database Tools
stu# pkg_info | grep apache
apache-2.2.22_5     Version 2.2.x of Apache web server with prefork MPM.

目标
监控两台机的温度并绘图。一台是本机，另一台是远程机（snmp数据）。

stu# sysctl -a | /usr/bin/grep hw | grep temper
hw.acpi.thermal.tz0.temperature: 49.0C
stu# snmpwalk -c public -v 1 fb.xxx.cn .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51.101.1
UCD-SNMP-MIB::ucdavis.51.101.1 = STRING: " 46.5"

参考资料
1.Using RRD with Python: short introduction
2.RRDtool简体中文教程 v1.01

建立rrd数据库
create.py

1. #!/usr/local/bin/python
   
2. import sys
   
3. import rrdtool
   
4. 
   
5. ret = rrdtool.create("/usr/local/www/rrdtool/rrd/temperture.rrd", "--step", "300", "--start", '0',
   
6. "DS:fb:GAUGE:600:U:U",
   
7. "DS:stu:GAUGE:600:U:U",
   
8. "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600",
   
9. "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:700",
   
10. "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:775",
    
11. "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:797",
    
12. "RRA:MAX:0.5:1:600",
    
13. "RRA:MAX:0.5:6:700",
    
14. "RRA:MAX:0.5:24:775",
    
15. "RRA:MAX:0.5:444:797")
    
16. 
    
17. if ret:
    
18. print rrdtool.error()
    

复制代码

更新数据库

stu# rrdtool fetch rrd/temperture.rrd AVERAGE -s 1340784000
                             fb                 stu

1340784300: nan nan
1340784600: nan nan
1340784900: nan nan
1340785200: nan nan
1340785500: nan nan
1340785800: nan nan
1340786100: nan nan
1340786400: nan nan

stu# ./update.py

stu# rrdtool fetch rrd/temperture.rrd AVERAGE -s 1340784000
                             fb                 stu

1340784300: nan nan
1340784600: nan nan
1340784900: nan nan
1340785200: nan nan
1340785500: nan nan
1340785800: nan nan
1340786100: nan nan
1340786400: 4.6699204174e+01 4.7510090197e+01
1340786700: nan nan

update.py

1. #!/usr/local/bin/python
   
2. import sys
   
3. import time
   
4. import commands
   
5. import rrdtool
   
6. ret="/sbin/sysctl -a | /usr/bin/grep hw | /usr/bin/grep temper"
   
7. (t,tmp)=commands.getstatusoutput(ret)
   
8. t=tmp.split()
   
9. tmp=t[1].split('C')[0]
   
10. stu=tmp.split('.')[0]
    
11. ret="/usr/local/bin/snmpwalk -c public -v 1 fb.xxx.cn .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51.101.1"
    
12. (t,tmp)=commands.getstatusoutput(ret)
    
13. t=tmp.rsplit('"')[1]
    
14. tmp=t.split()[0]
    
15. fb=tmp.split('.')[0]
    
16. tmp='N:%s:%s' % (fb,stu)
    
17. ret = rrdtool.update('/usr/local/www/rrdtool/rrd/temperture.rrd',tmp)
    
18. if ret:
    
19.         print rrdtool.error()
    
20. exit()
    

复制代码

有数据更新后，你就可以把update.py放进crontab中让它5分钟跑一次。

绘图
在update.py中添加绘图代码：

1. ret = rrdtool.graph( "/usr/local/www/apache22/data/temperture.png", "--start", "-1d", "--vertical-label=SystemTemperture",
   
2. "DEF:fb=/usr/local/www/rrdtool/rrd/temperture.rrd:fb:AVERAGE",
   
3. "DEF:stu=/usr/local/www/rrdtool/rrd/temperture.rrd:stu:AVERAGE",
   
4. "AREA:fb#00FF00:FB",
   
5. "LINE1:stu#0000FF:STU\\r",
   
6. )
   
7. if ret:
   
8.         print rrdtool.error()
   

复制代码

stu# ./update.py

stu# ls -l /usr/local/www/apache22/data/temperture.png
-rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  7158 Jun 27 16:47 /usr/local/www/apache22/data/temperture.png
stu#

这是成果：


先到此为止吧。大家一起努力呀……

ljwsy

ailms的RRDtool简体中文教程 v1.01的确是个好东西，大家一定要看的哟。

感谢ailms坛友。