标题: 剖析Linux系统启动过程(3) [打印本页] 作者: 寂寞烈火 时间: 2004-11-28 16:35 标题: 剖析Linux系统启动过程(3) 第二部分：运行init
init的进程号是1，从这一点就能看出，init进程是系统所有进程的起点，Linux在完成核内引导以后，就开始运行init程序，。init程序
需要读取配置文件/etc/inittab。inittab是一个不可执行的文本文件，它有若干行指令所组成。在Redhat系统中，inittab的内容如下所示(以“###"开始的中注释为笔者增加的)：
#
# inittab This file describes how the INIT process should set up
# the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, 〈miquels@drinkel.nl.mugnet.org〉
# Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes
#
# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:
# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
# 1 - Single user mode
# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not havenetworking)
# 3 - Full multiuser mode
# 4 - unused
# 5 - X11
# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#
###表示当前缺省运行级别为5(initdefault)；
id:5:initdefault:
###启动时自动执行/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit脚本(sysinit)
# System initialization.
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0
l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4
###当运行级别为5时，以5为参数运行/etc/rc.d/rc脚本，init将等待其返回(wait)
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6
###在启动过程中允许按CTRL-ALT-DELETE重启系统
# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
# When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes
# of power left. Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now.
# This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your
# UPS connected and working correctly.
pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"
# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.
pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"
###在2、3、4、5级别上以ttyX为参数执行/sbin/mingetty程序，打开ttyX终端用于用户登录，
###如果进程退出则再次运行mingetty程序(respawn)
# Run gettys in standard runlevels
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6
###在5级别上运行xdm程序，提供xdm图形方式登录界面，并在退出时重新执行(respawn)
# Run xdm in runlevel 5
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon