Chinaunix

标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ] [打印本页]

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-01 14:53
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
按：SHELL 水平测试系列并非覆盖 SHELL 的所有方面，而是挑选一些题目以引发思考，
以管中窥豹的方式达到检验水平的目的．

[ SHELL 水平测试 ][ OVERVIEW 篇 ]
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=476260&show_type=&sid=e90e3c748f1c10920ca09d71a81f7461

[ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=476269&show_type=&sid=e90e3c748f1c10920ca09d71a81f7461

[ SHELL 水平测试 ][ AWK 篇 ]
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=476271&show_type=&sid=e90e3c748f1c10920ca09d71a81f7461

[ SHELL 水平测试 ][ REGEX 篇 ]
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=3143773#3143773

[ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]

1. 你能看懂　sed one-lines 中的每一条语句吗？

2. /regex/! command 与 /regex/ !command 有什么区别？

3. 你能熟练使用 N,n, P,p,D,d,H,h,G,g,x,:,b,t 吗？

4. 什么是 sed 高级编程中的 lookup table 技术

5. sed debuger 的原理是什么？

6. 为什么 sed 的 guru 和 fans 比 awk 的多．(请看 yahoo groups)

下面几题根据使用的技术，难度不同．（难度最小:１,最大:５)

7. 将数据文件中的每个词的第一个字母变成大写．　(难度: 2 - 4)

8. 在 sed 中实现记数器．可加　1 或减　1. (难度: 3 - 4)

9. 提取 html 文件中 table 中每个单员的内容(table 可嵌套）．(难度: 4 - 5)

每一个 cell　做为一个单员输出：

Table #１, Row #1, Column #1

Contents .......

Table #１, Row #1, Column #2

Contents .......

作者: ZealeS 时间: 2005-01-01 21:07
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
汗。。。
N,n, P,p,D,d,H,h,G,g,x,:,b,t至今还不能掌握好。
版主能否指示一下目前那种书对提升shell编写能力比较快。好难找到这方面的书。

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-02 01:39
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]

原帖由 "ZealeS" 发表：

版主能否指示一下目前那种书对提升shell编写能力比较快。好难找到这方面的书。

O'REILLY:  Learning the Korn Shell, 2nd Edition.
O'REILLY:  sed & awk, Second Edition.
O'REILLY:  Effective AWK Programming, 3rd Edition.
O'REILLY:  Mastering Regular Expressions, 2nd EditionRegular
O'REILLY:  Expression Pocket Reference
Sams Publishing: Unix® Shell Programming, Third Edition
Prentice Hall PTR: Linux Shells by Example
Wicked Cool Shell Scripts: 101 Scripts for Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix Systems
Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide
BASH Frequently-Asked Questions
The GAWK Manual

Please visit shells' home page to get more information for TCSH and ZSH.

作者: r2007 时间: 2005-01-02 12:46
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
4. 什么是 sed 高级编程中的 lookup table 技术
7. 将数据文件中的每个词的第一个字母变成大写．　(难度: 2 - 4)

#!/bin/sed -f
s/$/\naAbBcCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnNoOpPqQrRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ/
:a
s/\b$[a-z]$$.*\n.*$\1$.$/\3\2\1\3/
ta
s/\n.*//

复制代码

谢谢姚明提醒，已改正！

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-02 13:16
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]

原帖由 "r2007" 发表：
#!/bin/sed -f
s/$/\naAbBbCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnNoOpPqQrRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ/
:a
s/\b$[a-z]$$.*\n.*$\1$.$/\3\2\1\3/
ta
s/\n.*//

不愧为一代宗师啊。

作者: r2007 时间: 2005-01-02 13:31
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
这个称呼可太大了，我只不过是一个普通的seder而已，热情很高，水平还有待提高。

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-02 14:05
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
[quote]原帖由 "r2007"]这个称呼可太大了，我只不过是一个普通的seder而已，热情很高，水平还有待提高。[/quote 发表：

Great !

This is an answer of question 6: 为什么 sed 的 guru 和 fans 比 awk 的多．

作者: ZealeS 时间: 2005-01-03 00:02
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
http://www.chinalinuxpub.com/doc/oreillybookself/
这里的东东确实很好啊。

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-03 00:19
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]

原帖由 "ZealeS" 发表：
http://www.chinalinuxpub.com/doc/oreillybookself/
这里的东东确实很好啊。

Obsolete !

作者: ZealeS 时间: 2005-01-03 10:41
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
哪些东西比较久了吗？哪里有新点的。

作者: lightspeed 时间: 2005-01-03 10:53
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
[quote]原帖由 "ZealeS"]哪些东西比较久了吗？哪里有新点的。[/quote 发表：

I forgot the site. You can google it and may find some newer
editions but not latest one.

作者: r2007 时间: 2005-01-03 11:16
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
sed & awk不错，收藏。
谢谢！

作者: shaoping0330 时间: 2005-01-05 14:45
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
求证：是否是sed的bug？？？

原帖由 "r2007" 发表：

#!/bin/sed -f
s/$/\naAbBbCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnNoOpPqQrRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ/
:a
s/\b$[a-z]$$.*\n.*$\1$.$/\3\2\1\3/
ta
s/\n.*//

把每个单词的首写字母改为大写。上面这个程序略有错误（把小写的c误写为小写b了）。另外，发现一个sed的bug：
$ echo A|sed 's/[A-z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝？？？
$ echo A|sed 's/[A-Z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝正常
$ echo A|sed 's/[a-z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝不正常
$ echo A|sed 's/[a-Z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝？？？

$ echo a|sed 's/[A-z]/9/'
a                                  ＝＝＝？？？
$ echo a|sed 's/[a-Z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝？？？
$ echo a|sed 's/[a-z]/9/'
9                                  ＝＝＝正常
$ echo a|sed 's/[A-Z]/9/'
a                                  ＝＝＝正常

不知为何[a-z]包括了大写字母A。结果导致，如果直接使用r2004的程式将会把全部单词改写为“Z”开头的词，不知各位的机器上是否也如此？？

如果换成下面的就很正常了：
s/$/\naAbBbCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnNoOpPqQrRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ/
:a
s/\b$[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz]$$.*\n.*$\1$.$/\3\2\1\3/
ta
s/\n.*//

GNU sed version 4.0.5
Red Hat Linux release 9 (Shrike)

作者: r2007 时间: 2005-01-05 15:34
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
手头没有环境测试，建议看一下你的LC_ALL是否设置正确？
我怀疑是它的问题。

作者: 欧阳不修 时间: 2005-01-05 16:08
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
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作者: shaoping0330 时间: 2005-01-05 16:09
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
# locale （root用户，bash）
LANG=en_US
LC_CTYPE="en_US"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US"
LC_TIME="en_US"
LC_COLLATE="en_US"
LC_MONETARY="en_US"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US"
LC_PAPER="en_US"
LC_NAME="en_US"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US"
LC_ALL=
安装后的默认设置，都没有修改。
另外一台机用：
$ locale （普通用户，bash）
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

及
# locale （root用户，tcsh）
LANG=zh_CN.gbk
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.gbk"
LC_ALL=

分布运行那个sed脚本文件，最后全部都把单词的第一个字母替换为Z！其间，分别把LC_ALL设置为同LANG相同的值，也如此！

作者: r2007 时间: 2005-01-05 16:55
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
Try

env LANG=C your sed script
or
env LANG=POSIX your sed script

复制代码

作者: shaoping0330 时间: 2005-01-06 17:41
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
多谢r2007兄，小弟又长见识了！

现在知道了，通常我们的区域化资料库，即locale查看时，有：
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE=C
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

多项，其优先顺序为 LC_ALL >LC_*>LANG，其中：
LC_COLLATE=C 代表文字排序规则及正则表达式的比较依据
其他是一些时间、地址、货币、数字等表示方式。
所以，实际上只要修改LC_COLLATE即可。

作者: shaoping0330 时间: 2005-01-07 16:04
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
欧阳兄：
俺不贪心，想要这两本。shaoping0330@163.com
OReilly - Perl Cookbook.pdf
OReilly - Unix in a Nutshell.pdf

作者: 欧阳不修 时间: 2005-01-11 16:28
标题: [ SHELL 水平测试 ][ SED 篇 ]
shaoping0330 已经发了，请查收；对书贪心也没关系的：）

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