关于dataflash的内核读写问题。

saiwenth

看了几天论坛，这里比较热闹，放在这里看有没有人有建议。感谢大家。

环境是9260ek的板子，spi dataflash 8MB挂在cs0上。dataflash 的page大小是0x420.

在uboot中mtdparts 传参如下：
root=/dev/mtdblock2 mtdparts=spi0.1-ATDB542x:264k(boot)ro,2112k(kernel), -(root) rw rootfstype=cramfs
希望通过uboot的方式将分区传入内核中。

内核在启动的最后输出如下
List of all partitions:
1f00  mtdblock0 driver: mtd_dataflash
1f01 2112 mtdblock1 driver: mtd_dataflash
1f02 6072 mtdblock2 driver: mtd_dataflash
No filesystem could mount root, tired: cramfs
kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unkown-block(31,2)

不管是什么格式的分区，只要通过/dev/mtdblock2的方式挂载都挂不了，错误和上面的类似，无法识别分区。已经尝试过cramfs，jffs2,squashfs都不行。
当前，能正常启动的方式有两种：
1.能通过nfs网络启动。
2.mtd2相应的地址里用samba写ext2格式的ramfs，并在uboot里通过cp.b的方式找地址挂载到内核默认的bootline参数地址里是能启动。

使用nfs网络启动后发现通过cat cramfs.bin > /proc/mtd2的方式写入cramfs的文件系统，再次用nfs启动发现，kernel的数据部分被覆盖了，启动失败。
（补充，也不是每次都会覆盖kernel，具有一定的随机性，后续用flash_erase擦出flash时发现也有随机的flash地址没有擦写成0XFF）

nfs网络启动后，运行命令
cat /proc/mtd
dev:   size   erasesize  name
mtd0: 0042000 00000420 "boot"
mtd1: 00210000 00000420 "kernel"
mtd2: 00533000 00000420 "root"

在网络文件系统中执行mtd_debug命令：

1. 
   
2. mtd_debug info /dev/mtdblock0
   
3. mtdblock_open
   
4. 
   
5. MTD_NEED_ERASE, cache_size:1056
   
6. ok
   
7. MEMGEmtdblock_release
   
8. Tok
   
9. INFO: Inappropriate ioctl for device
   
10. # mtd_debug info /dev/mtd0     
    
11. MTD_open
    
12. MTD_ioctl
    
13. MTD_ioctl
    
14. mtd.type = MTD_DATAFLASH
    
15. MTD_close
    
16. mtd.flags = MTD_CAP_ROM
    
17. mtd.size = 270336 (264K)
    
18. mtd.erasesize = 1056 (1K)
    
19. mtd.writesize = 1056 (1K)
    
20. mtd.oobsize = 0
    
21. regions = 0
    
22. #mtd_debug read /dev/mtdblock0 0 0x1000 a
    
23. mtdblock_open
    
24. 
    
25. MTD_NEED_ERASE, cache_size:1056
    
26. ok
    
27. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x0, size 0x200
    
28. spi0.1: read 0x0..0x200
    
29. READ: (0) 0 0 0
    
30. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x200, size 0x200
    
31. spi0.1: read 0x200..0x400
    
32. READ: (e8) 0 0 0
    
33. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x400, size 0x200
    
34. spi0.1: read 0x400..0x420
    
35. READ: (e8) 0 2 0
    
36. spi0.1: read 0x420..0x600
    
37. READ: (e8) 0 4 0
    
38. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x600, size 0x200
    
39. spi0.1: read 0x600..0x800
    
40. READ: (e8) 0 8 0
    
41. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x800, size 0x200
    
42. spi0.1: read 0x800..0x840
    
43. READ: (e8) 0 9 e0
    
44. spi0.1: read 0x840..0xa00
    
45. READ: (e8) 0 b e0
    
46. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0xa00, size 0x200
    
47. spi0.1: read 0xa00..0xc00
    
48. READ: (e8) 0 10 0
    
49. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0xc00, size 0x200
    
50. spi0.1: read 0xc00..0xc60
    
51. READ: (e8) 0 11 c0
    
52. spi0.1: read 0xc60..0xe00
    
53. READ: (e8) 0 13 c0
    
54. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0xe00, size 0x200
    
55. spi0.1: read 0xe00..0x1000
    
56. READ: (e8) 0 18 0
    
57. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1000, size 0x200
    
58. spi0.1: read 0x1000..0x1080
    
59. READ: (e8) 0 19 a0
    
60. Copiedspi0.1: read 0x1080..0x1200
    
61. READ: (e8) 0 1b a0
    
62. 4096 mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1200, size 0x200
    
63. byspi0.1: read 0x1200..0x1400
    
64. tREAD: (e8) 0 20 0
    
65. es fromtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1400, size 0x200
    
66. m spi0.1: read 0x1400..0x14a0
    
67. aREAD: (e8) 0 21 80
    
68. ddrspi0.1: read 0x14a0..0x1600
    
69. eREAD: (e8) 0 23 80
    
70. ss 0xmtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1600, size 0x200
    
71. 00spi0.1: read 0x1600..0x1800
    
72. 0READ: (e8) 0 28 0
    
73. 00000 mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1800, size 0x200
    
74. inspi0.1: read 0x1800..0x18c0
    
75. READ: (e8) 0 29 60
    
76. flaspi0.1: read 0x18c0..0x1a00
    
77. sREAD: (e8) 0 2b 60
    
78. h tomtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1a00, size 0x200
    
79. spi0.1: read 0x1a00..0x1c00
    
80. READ: (e8) 0 30 0
    
81. a
    
82. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1c00, size 0x200
    
83. spi0.1: read 0x1c00..0x1ce0
    
84. READ: (e8) 0 31 40
    
85. spi0.1: read 0x1ce0..0x1e00
    
86. READ: (e8) 0 33 40
    
87. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x1e00, size 0x200
    
88. spi0.1: read 0x1e00..0x2000
    
89. READ: (e8) 0 38 0
    
90. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2000, size 0x200
    
91. spi0.1: read 0x2000..0x2100
    
92. READ: (e8) 0 39 20
    
93. spi0.1: read 0x2100..0x2200
    
94. READ: (e8) 0 3b 20
    
95. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2200, size 0x200
    
96. spi0.1: read 0x2200..0x2400
    
97. READ: (e8) 0 40 0
    
98. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2400, size 0x200
    
99. spi0.1: read 0x2400..0x2520
    
100. READ: (e8) 0 41 0
     
101. spi0.1: read 0x2520..0x2600
     
102. READ: (e8) 0 43 0
     
103. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2600, size 0x200
     
104. spi0.1: read 0x2600..0x2800
     
105. READ: (e8) 0 48 0
     
106. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2800, size 0x200
     
107. spi0.1: read 0x2800..0x2940
     
108. READ: (e8) 0 48 e0
     
109. spi0.1: read 0x2940..0x2a00
     
110. READ: (e8) 0 4a e0
     
111. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2a00, size 0x200
     
112. spi0.1: read 0x2a00..0x2c00
     
113. READ: (e8) 0 50 0
     
114. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2c00, size 0x200
     
115. spi0.1: read 0x2c00..0x2d60
     
116. READ: (e8) 0 50 c0
     
117. spi0.1: read 0x2d60..0x2e00
     
118. READ: (e8) 0 52 c0
     
119. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x2e00, size 0x200
     
120. spi0.1: read 0x2e00..0x3000
     
121. READ: (e8) 0 58 0
     
122. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3000, size 0x200
     
123. spi0.1: read 0x3000..0x3180
     
124. READ: (e8) 0 58 a0
     
125. spi0.1: read 0x3180..0x3200
     
126. READ: (e8) 0 5a a0
     
127. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3200, size 0x200
     
128. spi0.1: read 0x3200..0x3400
     
129. READ: (e8) 0 60 0
     
130. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3400, size 0x200
     
131. spi0.1: read 0x3400..0x35a0
     
132. READ: (e8) 0 60 80
     
133. spi0.1: read 0x35a0..0x3600
     
134. READ: (e8) 0 62 80
     
135. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3600, size 0x200
     
136. spi0.1: read 0x3600..0x3800
     
137. READ: (e8) 0 68 0
     
138. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3800, size 0x200
     
139. spi0.1: read 0x3800..0x39c0
     
140. READ: (e8) 0 68 60
     
141. spi0.1: read 0x39c0..0x3a00
     
142. READ: (e8) 0 6a 60
     
143. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3a00, size 0x200
     
144. spi0.1: read 0x3a00..0x3c00
     
145. READ: (e8) 0 70 0
     
146. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3c00, size 0x200
     
147. spi0.1: read 0x3c00..0x3de0
     
148. READ: (e8) 0 70 40
     
149. spi0.1: read 0x3de0..0x3e00
     
150. READ: (e8) 0 72 40
     
151. mtdblock: read on "boot" at 0x3e00, size 0x200
     
152. spi0.1: read 0x3e00..0x4000
     
153. READ: (e8) 0 78 0
     
154. mtdblock_release
     
155. ok
     
156. # hexdump -C a
     
157. 00000000  0d 00 00 ea 05 00 00 ea  05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
158. 00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
159. *
     
160. 00000200  0e 3f 48 10 24 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.?H.$...........|
     
161. 00000210  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
162. *
     
163. 00000400  00 3c 00 e5 01 80 88 e2  14 50 85 e2 00 30 95 e5  |.<.......P...0..|
     
164. 00000410  00 00 53 e3 a1 ff ff 1a  08 00 a0 e1 f0 81 bd e8  |..S.............|
     
165. 00000420  00 00 a0 e3 f0 81 bd e8  30 40 2d e9 01 40 a0 e1  |........0@-..@..|
     
166. 00000430  00 50 a0 e1 84 ff ff eb  00 30 e0 e3 5f 00 50 e3  |.P.......0.._.P.|
     
167. 00000440  08 00 00 8a 1f 20 05 e2  01 30 a0 ff ff ff ff ff  |..... ...0......|
     
168. 00000450  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
169. *
     
170. 00000600  01 30 83 e2 00 30 8d ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |.0...0..........|
     
171. 00000610  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
172. *
     
173. 00000800  00 60 a0 e1 08 d0 4d ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |.`....M.........|
     
174. 00000810  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
175. *
     
176. 00000840  1c 30 9f e5 03 00 55 e1  01 50 85 e2 ee ff ff 1a  |.0....U..P......|
     
177. 00000850  04 00 a0 e1 00 00 00 ea  01 00 a0 e3 08 d0 8d e2  |................|
     
178. 00000860  70 80 bd e8 80 96 98 00  f0 4f 2d e9 00 c0 a0 e3  |p........O-.....|
     
179. 00000870  8b df 4d e2 00 40 a0 e1  01 90 a0 e1 00 00 00 00  |..M..@..........|
     
180. 00000880  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
181. *
     
182. 00000a00  05 00 a0 e1 ee ff ff 1a  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
183. 00000a10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
184. *
     
185. 00000c00  a2 2f a0 e1 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |./..............|
     
186. 00000c10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
187. *
     
188. 00000c60  0a 00 00 2a 01 00 00 ea  01 30 50 e5 01 30 41 e5  |...*.....0P..0A.|
     
189. 00000c70  01 20 42 e2 01 00 72 e3  01 00 80 e2 01 10 81 e2  |. B...r.........|
     
190. 00000c80  f8 ff ff 1a 1e ff 2f e1  00 30 dc e7 01 30 cc ff  |....../..0...0..|
     
191. 00000c90  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
192. *
     
193. 00001000
     
194. #mtd_debug read /dev/mtdblock0 0 0x1000 a
     
195. # hexdump -C a
     
196. 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 63 ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |......c.........|
     
197. 00000010  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
198. *
     
199. 00000200  0e 3f 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.?..............|
     
200. 00000210  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
201. *
     
202. 00000400  00 3c 00 e5 01 80 88 e2  14 50 85 e2 00 30 95 e5  |.<.......P...0..|
     
203. 00000410  00 00 53 e3 a1 ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |..S.............|
     
204. 00000420  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
205. *
     
206. 00000600  01 30 83 e2 00 30 8d e5  00 20 9d e5 94 30 9f e5  |.0...0... ...0..|
     
207. 00000610  03 00 52 e1 f8 ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |..R.............|
     
208. 00000620  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
209. *
     
210. 00000800  00 60 a0 e1 08 ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |.`..............|
     
211. 00000810  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
212. *
     
213. 00000840  1c 30 9f e5 03 00 55 e1  01 50 85 e2 ee ff ff 1a  |.0....U..P......|
     
214. 00000850  04 00 a0 ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
215. 00000860  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
216. *
     
217. 00000a00  05 00 a0 e1 ee ff ff 1a  7b ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |........{.......|
     
218. 00000a10  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
     
219. *
     
220. 00000c00  a2 2f a0 e1 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |./..............|
     
221. 00000c10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
222. *
     
223. 00000c60  0a 00 00 2a 01 00 00 ea  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...*............|
     
224. 00000c70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
     
225. *
     
226. 00001000
     

复制代码

也就是说每次读取dataflash的数据都不相同。上述本来是读取flash中的bootstrap二进制的。正常数据见附件。
连续两次读写的、和正常bootstrap的数据见压缩包。 bin.zip (2.55 KB, 下载次数: 1)

2013-07-01 20:12 上传

点击文件名下载附件

有谁碰到过这样的问题吗？或者分享一个思路。
感谢。

saiwenth

initramfs启动时的串口输出：

1. Starting kernel ...
   
2. 
   
3. Uncompressing Linux.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... done, booting the kernel.
   
4. Linux version 2.6.32.61 (root@localhost) (gcc version 4.5.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2011.03-41) ) #23 Fri Jun 28 16:20:50 CST 2013
   
5. CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177
   
6. CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
   
7. Machine: Atmel AT91SAM9260-EK
   
8. Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
   
9. Clocks: CPU 198 MHz, master 99 MHz, main 18.432 MHz
   
10. Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 16256
    
11. Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 mtdparts=spi0.1-AT45DB642x:264k(boot)ro,2112k(kernel),-(root) rw
    
12. PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes)
    
13. Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
    
14. Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
    
15. Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
    
16. Memory: 56544KB available (2744K code, 258K data, 5316K init, 0K highmem)
    
17. Hierarchical RCU implementation.
    
18. NR_IRQS:192
    
19. AT91: 96 gpio irqs in 3 banks
    
20. Console: colour dummy device 80x30
    
21. console [ttyS0] enabled
    
22. Calibrating delay loop... 98.91 BogoMIPS (lpj=494592)
    
23. Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
    
24. CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
    
25. NET: Registered protocol family 16
    
26. AT91: Power Management
    
27. AT91: Starting after software reset
    
28. bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
    
29. SCSI subsystem initialized
    
30. usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
    
31. usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
    
32. usbcore: registered new device driver usb
    
33. Switching to clocksource tcb_clksrc
    
34. Slow work thread pool: Starting up
    
35. Slow work thread pool: Ready
    
36. FS-Cache: Loaded
    
37. NET: Registered protocol family 2
    
38. IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
    
39. TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
    
40. TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
    
41. TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
    
42. TCP reno registered
    
43. NET: Registered protocol family 1
    
44. RPC: Registered udp transport module.
    
45. RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
    
46. RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
    
47. NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
    
48. squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
    
49. JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY)  漏 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
    
50. msgmni has been set to 110
    
51. alg: No test for stdrng (krng)
    
52. io scheduler noop registered
    
53. io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)
    
54. atmel_usart.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xfefff200 (irq = 1) is a ATMEL_SERIAL
    
55. atmel_usart.1: ttyS1 at MMIO 0xfffb0000 (irq = 6) is a ATMEL_SERIAL
    
56. atmel_usart.2: ttyS2 at MMIO 0xfffb4000 (irq = 7) is a ATMEL_SERIAL
    
57. brd: module loaded
    
58. loop: module loaded
    
59. slram: not enough parameters.
    
60. atmel_spi atmel_spi.0: Atmel SPI Controller at 0xfffc8000 (irq 12)
    
61. spi0.1: OTP, sector protect
    
62. mtd_dataflash spi0.1: AT45DB642x (8448 KBytes) pagesize 1056 bytes (OTP)
    
63. 3 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device spi0.1-AT45DB642x
    
64. Creating 3 MTD partitions on "spi0.1-AT45DB642x":
    
65. 0x000000000000-0x000000042000 : "boot"
    
66. mtd: Giving out device 0 to boot
    
67. 0x000000042000-0x000000252000 : "kernel"
    
68. mtd: Giving out device 1 to kernel
    
69. 0x000000252000-0x000000840000 : "root"
    
70. mtd: Giving out device 2 to root
    
71. MACB_mii_bus: probed
    
72. eth0: Atmel MACB at 0xfffc4000 irq 21 (00:01:00:01:00:01)
    
73. eth0: attached PHY driver [Davicom DM9161A] (mii_bus:phy_addr=ffffffff:00, irq=-1)
    
74. ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
    
75. at91_ohci at91_ohci: AT91 OHCI
    
76. at91_ohci at91_ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
    
77. at91_ohci at91_ohci: irq 20, io mem 0x00500000
    
78. usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
    
79. hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
    
80. hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
    
81. Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
    
82. usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
    
83. USB Mass Storage support registered.
    
84. usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
    
85. usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
    
86. udc: at91_udc version 3 May 2006
    
87. mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
    
88. rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0: rtc core: registered at91_rtt as rtc0
    
89. IRQ 1/rtc0: IRQF_DISABLED is not guaranteed on shared IRQs
    
90. rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0: rtc0: SET TIME!
    
91. TCP cubic registered
    
92. NET: Registered protocol family 17
    
93. rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0: hctosys: unable to read the hardware clock
    
94. Freeing init memory: 5316K

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对比uboot而言，可见，dataflash在硬件上是可以正常工作的。
哦，现在的内核是2.6.32.61，是linux内核的那个长期支持版本。
用过2.6.30 atmel官方的patch，问题还是这样。

原帖见：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-4087465-1-1.html