新手解决Can't locate CPAN.pm in @INC

pFreeStyle

执行perl-MCPAN -e shell出错，提示如下:
$perl -MCPAN -e shell
Can'tlocate CPAN.pm in @INC (@INC contains:/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .).
BEGINfailed--compilation aborted.

到CPAN的官方站点下载CPAN模块
   http://search.cpan.org/~andk/CPAN-1.9301/lib/CPAN.pm

解压，编绎，安装
    $tar zxvf CPAN-1.9301.tar.gz
    $cd CPAN-1.9301
    $perl Makefile.PL
    ImportingPAUSE public key into your GnuPG keychain... done!
    (Youmay wish to trust it locally with 'gpg --lsign-key 450F89EC')
    WARNING:SIGN is not a known parameter.
    Checkingif your kit is complete...
    Looksgood
    Warning:prerequisite Test::Harness 2.62 not found. We have 2.56.
    Warning:prerequisite Test::More 0 not found.
    'SIGN'is not a known MakeMaker parameter name.
    WritingMakefile for CPAN
    有警告，需要处理一下，开始我没有处理结果后面make出错了。需要2个模块Test::Harness和Test::More，到CPAN查找下载
    我使用的是Test-Harness-3.14.tar.gz和Test-Simple-0.84.tar.gz，将它们解压安装（注意，这里需要先安装Test::More模块，我在安装时先安装Test::Harness后使用make test会报错，后安装就不会出问题）：
$perl Makefile.PL
$make
$make test
$su
#make install

    现在更新了依赖模块，重新尝试安装CPAN：
$perl Makefile.PL
$make
$make test
#make install

    成功进入CPAN的shell模式
               $perl -MCPAN -e shell
    可以自己配置使用了^^。刚接触Perl，对于如何配置不熟悉，直接使用缺省配置

[ 本帖最后由 pFreeStyle 于 2008-10-17 15:30 编辑 ]

hfahe

好～

shijiang1130

http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/auth ... /CPAN-1.9402.tar.gz

fly3ds

有些模块已经不能用了, 最新的模块如下:

wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/R/RJ/RJBS/Test-Simple-0.99.tar.gz
wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/O/OV/OVID/Test-Harness-3.29.tar.gz
wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/A/AN/ANDK/CPAN-2.00.tar.gz

tar xvfz Test-Simple-0.99.tar.gz
tar xvfz Test-Harness-3.29.tar.gz
tar xvfz CPAN-2.00.tar.gz

cd Test-Simple-0.99
perl Makefile.PL
cd ../

cd Test-Harness-3.29
perl Makefile.PL
cd ../

cd CPAN-2.00
perl Makefile.PL
cd ../


但即使是这样,  perl Makefile时还是会出错. 文中提到Test::More, cpan.org里搜索Test::more, 最终会指向这个页面的下载
( http://search.cpan.org/~rjbs/Test-Simple-0.99/lib/Test/More.pm ) ,也就是说Test::More是包含在Test-Simple-0.99.tar.gz里的.

fly3ds

我还下载了ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.80.tar.gz，模块，解压，perl Makefile.pl


-bash-4.1$ cd Test-Simple-0.99
-bash-4.1$ perl Makefile.PL
Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 6.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 6.



-bash-4.1$ cd ../ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.80
-bash-4.1$ pwd
/home/linux/ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.80
-bash-4.1$ perl Makefile.PL
Using included version of Parse::CPAN::Meta (1.4405) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of CPAN::Meta::YAML (0.00 because it is not already installed.
Using included version of JSON: (2.27200) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of JSON:::Compat5006 (1.09) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of ExtUtils::Install (1.54) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of version (0.8 as it is newer than the installed version (0.77).
Using included version of CPAN::Meta (2.120351) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of ExtUtils::Manifest (1.60) because it is not already installed.
Using included version of File::Copy::Recursive (0.3 because it is not already installed.
Generating a GNU-style Makefile
Writing Makefile for ExtUtils::MakeMaker
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
Can't locate Test/Harness.pm in @INC (@INC contains: bundled/Parse-CPAN-Meta bundled/CPAN-Meta-YAML bundled/JSON-PP bundled/JSON-PP-Compat5006 bundled/ExtUtils-Install bundled/version bundled/ExtUtils-Command bundled/CPAN-Meta bundled/ExtUtils-Manifest bundled/File-Copy-Recursive bundled/File-Temp bundled/Scalar-List-Utils lib . /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5) at Makefile.PL line 147.
-bash-4.1$ make
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Manifest.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/File/Copy/Recursive.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_VOS.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/JSON/PP.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_UWIN.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_DOS.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Cygwin.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Win95.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/version/vpp.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Liblist.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Darwin.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_AIX.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Requirements.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Liblist/Kid.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker/FAQ.pod (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MANIFEST.SKIP (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_NW5.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_OS2.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/version.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Feature.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/version/Internals.pod (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Unix.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Win32.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Installed.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/JSON/PP/Boolean.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Spec.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/History.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MY.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Packlist.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_MacOS.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_VMS.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_BeOS.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_QNX.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/YAML.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Converter.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Install.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Command/MM.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker/Config.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/JSON/PP/Compat5006.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Prereqs.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/Parse/CPAN/Meta.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/CPAN/Meta/Validator.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/version.pod (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MM_Any.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/testlib.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker/Tutorial.pod (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Mkbootstrap.pm (unchanged)
Skip blib/lib/ExtUtils/Mksymlists.pm (unchanged)
cp bin/instmodsh blib/script/instmodsh
/usr/bin/perl -Iinc "-Iblib/arch" "-Iblib/lib" -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/instmodsh
Manifying blib/man1/instmodsh.1
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::Converter.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::Feature.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::History.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta:rereqs.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::Requirements.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::Spec.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::Validator.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Meta::YAML.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Install.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Installed.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Manifest.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils:acklist.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/File::Copy::Recursive.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/JSON:.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/JSON:::Boolean.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/JSON:::Compat5006.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/Parse::CPAN::Meta.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/version.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/version::Internals.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Command::MM.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Liblist.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_AIX.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Any.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_BeOS.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_DOS.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Darwin.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_MacOS.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_NW5.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_OS2.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_QNX.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_UWIN.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Unix.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_VMS.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_VOS.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Win32.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MM_Win95.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MY.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MakeMaker.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::Mksymlists.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/ExtUtils::testlib.3pm
-bash-4.1$ make install
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
ERROR: Can't create '/usr/bin'
Do not have write permissions on '/usr/bin'
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
at -e line 1
make: *** [pure_perl_install] Error 13
-bash-4.1$

make install失败，我也没有跟多权限了，只能这样了吗？

zhlong8

回复 5# fly3ds


    ExtUtils::* 这些模块是随 Perl 源代码一同发布的，每一个版本对应一套不需要安装吧？CPAN 也是一样

fly3ds

回复 6# zhlong8

放在哪个目录下呢？？
   

chenryn

问题是很多发行版会把这些拆出来成别的包，所以还得自己yum或者apt-get之类的安装上……回复 6# zhlong8


   

zhlong8

回复 8# chenryn


    好久不用linux了，不清楚啊。自己下载个源码编译下20分钟的事

fender0107401

还是直接用发行版自己的包管理方式安装方便。