使特定网段用户能自由上传下载的方法总结

Hilinux

本人系菜鸟一个，前一段突发奇想做了以下的试验，现在问题解决了，把解决的方法总结一下，谨供参考，希望能给像我一样的菜鸟有所帮助。第一次写总结，总有如履薄冰，如临深渊的感觉，生怕误导别人。其中一定会有不妥或是错误，或者如果大家有什么更好的方法，希望大家提出来一起讨论。
解决过程中不少兄弟热情帮助尤其是wolfg斑竹的大力支持，十分感谢。

说明：在FC3上用vsftp实FTP服务。由于一些网段的用户为内部成员，不会对服务器造成危害。为了减少麻烦，更好地实现资源共享，现在想给他们的网段（本例中以10.0.1.*为例）的用户以自由上传下载的权利。

涉及的配置文件一共有四个：
vsftpd.conf
hosts.allow
/etc/vsftpd/local.class
/etc/vsftpd/other.class

内容：

hosts.allow

1. #
   
2. # hosts.allow        This file describes the names of the hosts which are
   
3. #                allowed to use the local INET services, as decided
   
4. #                by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server.
   
5. vsftpd: 10.0.1.* : setenv VSFTPD_LOAD_CONF /etc/vsftpd/local.class
   
6. vsftpd: ALL : setenv VSFTPD_LOAD_CONF /etc/vsftpd/other.class

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/etc/vsftpd/local.class

1. write_enable=YES
   
2. anon_upload_enable=YES
   
3. anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

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/etc/vsftpd/other.class

1. write_enable=NO
   
2. anon_upload_enable=NO
   
3. anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO

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vsftpd.conf

1. # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
   
2. #
   
3. # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
   
4. # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
   
5. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
   
6. #
   
7. # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
   
8. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
   
9. # capabilities.
   
10. #
    
11. # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
    
12. anonymous_enable=YES
    
13. #
    
14. # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
    
15. # 不允许本地用户上传下载,即只允许基于ip的认证
    
16. #local_enable=YES
    
17. #
    
18. # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
    
19. # 在ftpd中的local.class和other.class文件中有write_enable=YES项
    
20. #write_enable=YES
    
21. #
    
22. # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
    
23. # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
    
24. local_umask=022
    
25. #
    
26. # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
    
27. # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
    
28. # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
    
29. #anon_upload_enable=YES
    
30. #
    
31. # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
    
32. # new directories.
    
33. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
    
34. #
    
35. # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
    
36. # go into a certain directory.
    
37. dirmessage_enable=YES
    
38. #
    
39. # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
    
40. xferlog_enable=YES
    
41. #
    
42. # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
    
43. connect_from_port_20=YES
    
44. #
    
45. # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
    
46. # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
    
47. # recommended!
    
48. #chown_uploads=YES
    
49. #chown_username=whoever
    
50. #
    
51. # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
    
52. # below.
    
53. xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
    
54. #
    
55. # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
    
56. xferlog_std_format=YES
    
57. #
    
58. # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
    
59. #idle_session_timeout=600
    
60. #
    
61. # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
    
62. #data_connection_timeout=120
    
63. #
    
64. # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
    
65. # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
    
66. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
    
67. #
    
68. # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
    
69. # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
    
70. # however, may confuse older FTP clients.
    
71. #async_abor_enable=YES
    
72. #
    
73. # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
    
74. # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
    
75. # mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
    
76. # Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
    
77. # to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
    
78. # ASCII mode.
    
79. # These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
    
80. # to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
    
81. # without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
    
82. # on the client anyway..
    
83. #ascii_upload_enable=YES
    
84. #ascii_download_enable=YES
    
85. #
    
86. # You may fully customise the login banner string:
    
87. #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
    
88. #
    
89. # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
    
90. # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
    
91. #deny_email_enable=YES
    
92. # (default follows)
    
93. #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
    
94. #
    
95. # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
    
96. # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
    
97. # users to NOT chroot().
    
98. #chroot_list_enable=YES
    
99. # (default follows)
    
100. #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
     
101. #
     
102. # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
     
103. # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
     
104. # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
     
105. # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
     
106. #ls_recurse_enable=YES
     
107. Anon_umask=022
     
108. pam_service_name=vsftpd
     
109. userlist_enable=YES
     
110. #下面一行是我加的
     
111. userlist_deny=YES
     
112. #enable for standalone mode
     
113. listen=YES
     
114. tcp_wrappers=YES

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说明一下：
首先设置vsftpd.conf中tcp_wrappers=YES（一般的默认设置都是YES）。
当有用户访问时，则会自动查看hosts.allow的配置，而在根据hosts.allow中的语句，
系统会根据客户的IP跳转到不同的文件去，按照那里的设置工作。
在/etc/vsftpd/local.class中设置10.0.1.*网段的用户可以自由上传下载。
在/etc/vsftpd/other.class中设置其他用户只有下载的权限。
就是这么简单。不过有一点必须说明：那就是目录和文件的权限问题。
首先，设置你想让匿名用户上传的目录的可写权限
再一个在
vsftpd.conf中要加上
anon_umask=022
这一行是给匿名用户上传的文件添加可读的权限。你可以测试一下，匿名用户上传的文件的权限是600，即上传上去了却没有可读权限,下载不了！
Over！Good luck!

wolfg

鼓励！不过标题感觉不清楚

Hilinux

哦，是吗。那应该怎样才更贴切呢？