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标题: [TIPS][SOLARIS]SUN系统管理员常用概念/命令 [打印本页]

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:50
标题: [TIPS][SOLARIS]SUN系统管理员常用概念/命令
1. Solaris 操作系统 \r\n 操作系统的版本:Solaris 1.x(sunos4.1.x), Solaris 2.x(sunos 5.x), Solaris 7, Solaris 8\r\n 特点: 多用户, 多任务(or 多进程,多线程), 分布式计算(处理)\r\n 应用: Client-Server方式中的服务器\r\n o NFS Server,\r\n o Name services Server,\r\n o mail Server,\r\n o Operating system Server, \r\n o Database Server\r\n o Application Server \r\n\r\n\r\n2. SUN 服务器体系结构\r\n 硬件(Hardware) --> Solaris 系统内核(Kernel)-->指令 Shell-->应用软件(Applications)\r\n o SUN 服务器的体系结构发展(Kernel and Application Architecture):\r\n [1] SPARC-->[2] SuperSPARC-->[3] UltraSPARC-->[4] sun4c,\r\n -->[5] sun4m-->[6] sun4u \r\n\r\n o 常见硬件组成\r\n [1] 处理器 CUP,\r\n [2] 内存 Memory,\r\n [3] 系统总线 bus,\r\n [4] 硬盘 disk,\r\n [5] 显示器 monitor,\r\n [6] 键盘 keyboard,\r\n [7] 光驱 cdrom,\r\n [8] 磁带机 tape,\r\n [9] 网卡 net\r\n ......

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:51
3. Openboot(Prom) 常用命令及 Solaris 操作系统的安装\r\n\r\n Openboot(Prom) 常用命令:\r\n =========================\r\n ok> help (帮助命令)\r\n ok> banner (显示系统hostid, memory, mac addr等nvrom配置信息)\r\n ok> .version (显示prom版本信息)\r\n ok> devalias (系统设备别名)\r\n 例如\r\n devalias cdrom1 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e8800000/sd@5,0 \r\n ok> nvalias (prom命令/信息别名)\r\n ok> probe-scsi-all (显示所有scsi设备)\r\n ok> printenv (显示prom系统环境变量)\r\n ok> setenv (设置prom系统环境变量)\r\n 例如:\r\n setenv auto-boot false\r\n setenv boot-device disk net cdrom \r\n ok> set-defaults (设置prom系统环境变量为缺省值)\r\n ok> reset \r\n\r\n Solaris 操作系统的安装: \r\n =======================\r\n\r\n o 从光盘启动,并安装操作系统命令:\r\n ok> boot cdrom,\r\n o 终止系统安装/启动: \r\n stop+a--> sync--> reset\r\n o 继续安装/启动\r\n ok> go,\r\n o 安装过程中须提供主要信息\r\n [1]主机名host name,\r\n [2]网络network,ip地址,\r\n [3]网络服务器类型nis+/other/none/standlone,\r\n [4]子网掩码netmask,\r\n [5]时区time zone,\r\n [6]日期/时间date/time\r\n [7]安装方式:升级/初始安装upgrade/initial, \r\n [8]硬盘分区信息\r\n 例如:partition:0 /,\r\n 1 swap, \r\n 2 backup,\r\n 3,\r\n 4,\r\n 5,\r\n 6 /usr,\r\n 7 /export/home \r\n o Solaris操作系统常见分区功能\r\n [1] / 操作系统根目录\r\n [2] Swap 内存交换区\r\n [3] /usr 存放系统应用软件及命令\r\n [4] /opt 安装用户应用软件\r\n [5] /var 系统信息存放区\r\n [6] /export/home 用户目录区\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n 系统安装信息日志:\r\n =================\r\n /var/sadm/install/contents, install_log

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:52
4. 应用软件常用安装/删除命令(add/delete software)\r\n \r\n 图形工具命令\r\n ============\r\n # admintool& \r\n\r\n\r\n 命令行工具\r\n ==========\r\n # pkginfo, 例如: # pkginfo | grep ab \r\n # pkgadd, 例如: # pkgadd -d . SUNWsprot SUNWabc \r\n # pkgrm, 例如: # pkgrm SUNWsport SUNWabc\r\n # pkgchk 例如: # pkgchk SUNWsport SUNWabc\r\n\r\n\r\n5. 补丁管理命令Patch \r\n\r\n 查看patch: # showrev -p, \r\n 安装patch: # ./installpatch .\r\n 备份patch: # ./backoutpatch 102972-01 \r\n\r\n\r\n patch安装目录: /var/sadm/patch \r\n patch信息网站: http://sunsolve.sun.com

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:53
6. 操作系统启动过程及运行级别\r\n\r\n 操作系统启动过程\r\n ================\r\n [1] prom (系统自检selftest) ,\r\n [2] bootblk, (系统引导盘启动扇区),\r\n [3] ufsboot (/platform/\'uname -i\'/ufsboot),\r\n [4] kernel (initself, /kernel/genunix, /etc/system),\r\n [5] init (/sbin/init, /etc/inittab, /sbin/rc*.d, \r\n /etc/rc*.d, /etc/init.d) \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n 操作系统自动配置过程\r\n ====================\r\n [1] 内核上载入内存(kernel module are load to memory)\r\n o 静态内核static core:\r\n /kernel/genunix, /platform/.../kernel/unix, \r\n o 动态内核dynamically loaded module:\r\n driver module, streams, ufs module, nfs module \r\n /kernel/,/platform/.../kernel/unix, /usr/kernel\r\n o /etc/system内容: \r\n moddir, \r\n exclude rootdev, \r\n set pt_cnt=100\r\n ...............\r\n \r\n\r\n [2] 设备配置(device configration )\r\n o device tree: /devices, /dev \r\n o /etc/path_to_install \r\n\r\n\r\n 查看操作系统配置\r\n ==================\r\n # dmesg, \r\n # printconf, \r\n # sysdef \r\n # /usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag\r\n # /usr/platform/sun43u/sbin/prtdiag\r\n\r\n 重新配置系统硬件\r\n =================\r\n # touch /reconfigure \r\n # init 0 \r\n ok boot -r (重新启动/配置系统硬件)\r\n ok boot -ar \r\n\r\n 在系统运行情况下,如果不想重新启动系统,\r\n 安装硬盘/磁带等热插拔硬件,则:\r\n # drvconfig \r\n # devlinks \r\n # disks \r\n # tapes \r\n 查看配置情况:\r\n # dmesg \r\n # printconf \r\n # sysdef \r\n\r\n\r\n 操作系统运行级别\r\n ==================\r\n 系统启动时，进入/etc/inittab中initdefault所定义的运行级别(deafult 3)\r\n 各运行级别的定义：\r\n run level:0, (halt, shotdown, stop+a,sync,go )\r\n 1, (single user, boot -s, init s )\r\n 2, (multiuser, unshare net)\r\n 3, (multiuser, deafult)\r\n 5, (halt, power off )\r\n 6, (reboot to level 3 )\r\n S (init 1, boot -s)\r\n\r\n 改变系统运行级别命令\r\n ====================\r\n # init 0, halt, shotdown, stop+a,sync,go \r\n # init 1, single user, boot -s, init s \r\n # init 2, multiuser, unshare net \r\n # init 3, multiuser, deafult \r\n # init 5, halt, power off \r\n # init 6, reboot to level 3 \r\n # init s, init 1, boot -s \r\n # init *,shotdown,halt,poweroff, reboot -- -r, reboot -- -s \r\n\r\n ok> boot -s, boot -sra \r\n\r\n 启动、关闭Solaris 操作系统\r\n ==========================\r\n ok> boot -r (一般在安装新设备如硬盘等后，重起机器，重建系统内核)。\r\n ok> boot cdrom - brower (从CDROM启动机器，重新安装系统，界面为浏览器方式)。\r\n\r\n # sync (将内存中的内容写入硬盘)。\r\n # halt (或 /etc/init 0) (关闭系统)。\r\n # reboot

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:54
7. 操作系统启动/关闭时运行的脚本命令\r\n\r\n Solaris操作系统会在系统启动或关闭时自动运行脚本命令\r\n\r\n\r\n 例如: 有一个启动/关闭数据库的命令脚本/etc/init.d/rdbms, \r\n 想在系统启动/停止时自动启动/关闭数据库:\r\n # vi /etc/init.d/rdbms \r\n # cd /etc/init3.d \r\n # ln /etc/init.d/rdbms S22rdbms (在系统启动时，运行命令脚本)\r\n # cd /etc/init0.d \r\n # ln /etc/init.d/rdbms K8822rdbms (在系统关闭时，运行命令脚本)\r\n 也可手动执行: \r\n # /etc/init.d/rdbms stop \r\n # /etc/init.d/rdbms start \r\n\r\n\r\n 要定时运行一个程序\r\n ====================\r\n 在/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root中加入\r\n\r\n 分_时_日_月_年 /运用程序\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n8. 硬盘分区及格式化(disk partition and format )\r\n\r\n\r\n # foramt (可显示硬盘类型, 大小, 分区情况. 可重新分区, 格式化等) \r\n 0 >partition>p>0>1>3>4>5>6>7>print>label>format>quit>quit \r\n 0 root wm 0 - 3514 3.62GB (3515/0/0) 7592400 \r\n 1 swap wu 3515 - 3757 256.29MB (243/0/0) 524880 \r\n 2 backup wm 0 - 3879 4.00GB (3880/0/0) 8380800 \r\n 3 unassigned wm 3758 - 3879 128.67MB (122/0/0) 263520 \r\n 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 \r\n 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 \r\n 6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 \r\n 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 \r\n\r\n #foramt \r\n 1>type \r\n <SUN4.2G cyl 3880 alt 2 hd 16 sec 135> \r\n >partition>print>0 \r\n root wm 0 1940c \r\n >7 \r\n root wm 0 1940c \r\n >p \r\n 0 root wm 0 -1939 2.00GB (1940/0/0) 4190400 \r\n 2 backup wm 0 - 3879 4.00GB (3880/0/0) 8380800 \r\n 7 home wm 1940-3879 2.00GB (1940/0/0) 4190400 \r\n >label>quit>quit

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:54
9. Solaris 文件系统管理(unix file system )\r\n\r\n 常见文件系统类型\r\n ================\r\n [1]ufs,\r\n [2]hsfs,\r\n [3]pcfs,\r\n [4]vxfs\r\n ....\r\n \r\n 设备名描述(硬盘)\r\n ==================\r\n /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0,(裸设备/字符设备raw disk) \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0,(逻辑设备/块设备logicl disk , block device)\r\n\r\n 存储设备上建立文件系统\r\n ======================\r\n # newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s7 \r\n\r\n 系统文件系统记录\r\n =================\r\n # vi /etc/vfstab \r\n fd - /dev/fd fd - no - \r\n /proc - /proc proc - no - \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 - - swap - no - \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 / ufs 1 no - \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s3 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s3 /cache ufs 2 yes - \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7 /export/home ufs 2 yes - \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7 /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s7 /export/home1 ufs 2 yes - \r\n swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes - \r\n\r\n 常用文件系统的操作命令\r\n ======================\r\n 示例:\r\n # umount /export/home1 \r\n # mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7 /export/home1 \r\n # umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7 \r\n # mount -F pcfs /dev/diskette /floppy (mount 软盘)\r\n # mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/rdsk/c0t6d0s0 /cdrom (mount 光驱)\r\n # mountall -l \r\n # umountall -l \r\n # volcheck \r\n # fdformat (软盘格式化)\r\n # eject cdrom (弹出光驱)\r\n # eject floppy (弹出软盘)\r\n\r\n\r\n Swap区文件系统的管理\r\n ====================\r\n # swap -l,-a,-d,-s \r\n \r\n 增加Swap区示例\r\n # mkfile 20m /export/home1/swap \r\n # swap -a /export/home1/swap \r\n # swap -l \r\n # swap -d /export/home1/swap \r\n # vi /etc/vfstab \r\n /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 - - swap - no - \r\n /export/home1/swap - - swap - no - \r\n swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes - \r\n\r\n 文件系统的维护/管理(maintain file system )\r\n [1] fsck,sync,fslush deamon( 30 second) \r\n stop+a \r\n sync \r\n [2] # umount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7 \r\n # fsck /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7 \r\n # fsck /export/home \r\n # mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7 /export/home \r\n # ls /export/home/lost+found

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:55
10. 系统备份/恢复(backup and restore )\r\n\r\n\r\n 系统备份级别\r\n ============\r\n [1] 共10级 level, \r\n [2] 0 级为全备份full,\r\n [3] 2-9 级为增量备份inc, \r\n [4] /etc/dumpdates, \r\n\r\n 备份设备一般为磁带\r\n ==================\r\n [1]tape,\r\n [2]设备名 /dev/rmt/0lbn (l,m,h density; b BSD behavior, n no rewind) \r\n\r\n 系统系统备份/恢复命令\r\n =====================\r\n [1] ufsdump,\r\n [2] ufsrestore, \r\n 例如: \r\n # ufsdump 0uf /dev/rmt/0 /export/home \r\n # cd /var/tmp \r\n # ufsrestore tvf /dev/rmt/0 \r\n # ufsrestore xvf /dev/rmt/0 /export/home \r\n\r\n 恢复系统根目录操作举例(restore / file system )\r\n ok> boot cdrom -s \r\n 系统启动后,不进行安装,打开一个命令窗口:\r\n # newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0 \r\n # fsck /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0 \r\n # mount /dev/dsk/c0t3d0s0 /a \r\n # cd /a \r\n # ufsdump rvf /dev/rmt/0 \r\n # rm restoresymtable \r\n # cd /usr/platform/\'uname -i\'/libfs/ufs \r\n # installboot bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0 \r\n # umount /a \r\n # init 6 \r\n\r\n 常用备份/恢复命令(dditional backup command )\r\n ============================================\r\n [1] mt, \r\n [2] tar,\r\n [3] dd,\r\n [4] cpio \r\n\r\n 软盘操作\r\n ===========\r\n # volcheck\r\n # fdformat -U (unix格式化软盘), fdformat -d (dos 系统格式化)\r\n # newfs /vol/dev/aliases/floppy0(在软盘上建UFS文件系统)\r\n # mount -t pcfs /dev/fd0 /pcfs\r\n # eject floppy\r\n\r\n 光驱操作\r\n =========\r\n # mount -F hsfs /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s0 /mnt/cdrom\r\n # fuser -k /mnt/cdrom\r\n # eject \r\n\r\n 磁带机操作\r\n ============\r\n # mt -f /dev/rmt/0 rew (到带)\r\n # mt -f /dev/rmt/0n status{eof | rewind | erase | offline | bsf n | fsf n} \r\n (0n 表示磁带操作完后不到带,\r\n status 表示查看磁带状态，\r\n eof 表示到磁带最后一个文件，\r\n rewind 表示到带到磁带最前，\r\n erase 摸掉，\r\n offline 弹出磁带，\r\n bsf n 磁带往回退n个文件，\r\n fsf n 磁带往前n个文件)\r\n # tar xvf /dev/rmt/0 \r\n (从磁带到硬盘,解开归档文件)\r\n # tar tvf /dev/rmt/0 \r\n (查看磁带内容，查看归档文件内容)\r\n # tar cvf /dev/rmt/0 文件系统\r\n (将文件系统考入磁带，将多个文件、目录建成归档文件)

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:56
11. 网络管理(network) \r\n\r\n 相关配置文件\r\n ============= \r\n [1] /etc/nodename \r\n [2] /etc/hosts \r\n [3] /etc/hostname.hme0 \r\n (qe0, le0, hme1, hme2, ..., hme0:1, hme0:2, ... ) \r\n [4] /etc/netmasks \r\n [5] /etc/networks \r\n [6] /etc/defaultrouter \r\n [7] /etc/notrouter \r\n [8] /etc/inetd.conf \r\n [9] /etc/rpc \r\n [10] /etc/services \r\n\r\n 相关进程deamon:\r\n ================ \r\n [1] in.tcpipd\r\n [2] in.routed \r\n [3] in.rdisc\r\n ......\r\n\r\n \r\n 常用网络管理命令command: \r\n ========================\r\n [1] ifconfig -a \r\n [2] netstat -rn \r\n [3] snoop -d hme0 \r\n [4] route \r\n [5] arp -a \r\n [6] /usr/sbin/ping \r\n [7] /usr/bin/telnet \r\n [8] /usr/bin/rlogin \r\n [9] /usr/bin/ftp \r\n [10] /usr/openwin/bin/xhost \r\n\r\n\r\n 配制网络端口\r\n ============\r\n # ifconfig\r\n 示例:\r\n # ifconfig qe0 inet 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.10.10.255 plumb \r\n # ifconfig qe0 inet 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.10.10.255 up \r\n # ifconfig qe0 inet 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.10.10.255 down \r\n\r\n 修改路由表\r\n ============\r\n # netstat -r \r\n # route add net 10.10.10.0 10.10.10.1 1 \r\n # route add default 10.10.10.1 1 \r\n\r\n o 增加静态路由:\r\n # vi /etc/defaultrouter \r\n 10.10.10.1 i1 \r\n # sync;sync;reboot \r\n\r\n o 查看路由进程\r\n # ps -ef |grep routed \r\n\r\n 重新关闭/启动tcp/ip协议进程\r\n =============================\r\n #sh /etc/init.d/inetinit stop \r\n #sh /etc/init.d/inetinit start

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 15:57
12. 路由服务器:\r\n\r\n 系统有两个/或两个以上的网口,可作为路由器或防火墙\r\n \r\n 禁止两个网口间路由ip\r\n ====================\r\n # cd /etc \r\n # touch notrouter \r\n # sync\r\n # sync\r\n # reboot\r\n \r\n 查看路由进程\r\n ============= \r\n # ps -ef |grep routed \r\n # ps -ef |grep in.rdisc \r\n \r\n\r\n13. 域名服务器(dns)\r\n\r\n 相应配置文件\r\n ============ \r\n [1] /etc/named.boot \r\n [2] /etc/named.conf (only for solaris 2.7) \r\n [3] /var/named/db.*; \r\n [4] /etc/nsswitch.conf \r\n [5] /etc/resolv.conf \r\n\r\n 相应系统进程\r\n ============\r\n [1] in.named; \r\n [2] bind \r\n\r\n 相关命令\r\n ========\r\n [1] /etc/init.d/inetsvc; \r\n # /etc/init.d/inetsvc stop \r\n # /etc/init.d/inetsvc start \r\n\r\n [2] nslookup \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n 域名服务client端配置示例\r\n ========================\r\n\r\n # vi /etc/nsswitch.conf \r\n hosts: files dns \r\n\r\n # vi /etc/resolv.conf \r\n domain leadcom.com\r\n search leadcom.com\r\n nameserver 192.168.0.100 \r\n\r\n\r\n # nslookup

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 16:00
14. NIS 服务器\r\n\r\n\r\n 相应配置文件\r\n ============ \r\n [1] /var/yp,\r\n [2] /var/yp/Makefile \r\n [3] /etc/defaultdomain \r\n [4] /etc/nsswitch.conf \r\n [5] /etc/hosts,\r\n [6] /etc/networks, ... \r\n\r\n 相应系统进程\r\n ============\r\n [1] ypserv; \r\n [2] ypbind \r\n\r\n 相关命令\r\n ========\r\n [1] domainname \r\n [2] /etc/init.d/rpc (start/stop ypserv,ypbind) \r\n [3] ypinit -m; ypinit -c \r\n [4] yppush; \r\n [5] ypcat \r\n\r\n\r\n NIS 配置示例\r\n ========================\r\n # vi /etc/defaultdomain \r\n YP.sun.com \r\n\r\n # domainname YP.sun.com \r\n # cd /var/yp \r\n # cp /etc/nsswitch.nis /etc/nsswitch.conf \r\n\r\n\r\n # vi Makefile \r\n #B=-b nis no dns \r\n B= \r\n B=-b nis also dns \r\n #B= \r\n\r\n # vi resolv.conf \r\n # /usr/ccs/bin/make \r\n # ypinit -m \r\n\r\n\r\n # /etc/init.d/rpc start \r\n # yppush \r\n # ypcat hosts \r\n # ypinit -c \r\n\r\n client端配置\r\n ============ \r\n # vi /etc/defaultdomain \r\n YP.sun.com \r\n # domainname YP.sun.com \r\n # cp /etc/nsswitch.nis /etc/nsswitch.conf \r\n # ypinit -c \r\n\r\n # /etc/init.d/rpc start \r\n # ypcat hosts

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 16:02
15. NFS 文件系统(nfs file system )\r\n\r\n 相应配置文件\r\n ============ \r\n [1] /etc/dfs/dfstab;(nfs server)\r\n 例如:\r\n # vi /etc/dfs/dfstab \r\n share -F nfs -o rw=engineering -d \"home dirs\" /export/home \r\n share -F nfs -o ro -d \"app dirs\" /export/app \r\n share -F nfs -o ro -d \"man dirs\" /usr/share/man \r\n\r\n\r\n [2] /etc/vfstab;(nfs client)\r\n\r\n # vi /etc/vfstab \r\n i2:/export/home - /export/home nfs - yes soft,bg \r\n i2:/export/app - /export/app nfs - yes soft,bg \r\n i2:/usr/share/man - /usr/share/man nfs - yes soft,bg \r\n rw|ro,bg|fg, soft|hard, intr|nointr,suid|nosuid, timeo=n\r\n default=11x.1sec, retry=n 1k. \r\n\r\n\r\n 相应系统进程\r\n ============\r\n [1] mountd\r\n [2] nfsd\r\n [3] statd\r\n [4] lockd \r\n\r\n 相关命令\r\n ========\r\n [1] share, \r\n 例如:\r\n # share -F nfs /export/home \r\n # share -F nfs -o ro /usr/share/man \r\n [2] unshare,\r\n [3] shareall,\r\n [4] unshareall; \r\n [5] mount\r\n 例如:\r\n # mount nfsserver:/export/home /export/home \r\n # mount nfsserver:/export/app /export/app \r\n # mount nfsserver:/usr/share/man /usr/share/man \r\n [6] umount,\r\n [7] mountall,\r\n [8] umountall,\r\n [9] dfshares host,\r\n [10] dfmounts \r\n [11] /etc/init.d/nfs.server; /etc/init.d/nfs.client \r\n 例如:\r\n # /etc/init.d/nfs.server start

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 16:03
16. 并行打印机管理(Parallel Port Printer )\r\n\r\n 并行打印机driver\r\n ================\r\n /dev/bpp0-> /devices/.../...:bpp0 (打印server: i2) \r\n /dev/ecpp0->/devices/.../...:ecpp0 (打印client: i1)\r\n\r\n 图形管理工具\r\n =============\r\n # admintool & \r\n\r\n Menu:Browse-->printers \r\n Menu:Edit-->add-->Local Printer... \r\n Printer Name: bpp0 \r\n Print Server: i2 \r\n Description: bpp on i2 \r\n Print Port: /dev/bpp0 \r\n Printer Type: PostScript \r\n File Content: PostScript \r\n Fault Notification: None \r\n Option: Accept Print Requests, Process Print Requests \r\n User Access List: all \r\n press OK \r\n\r\n\r\n # admintool & \r\n\r\n Menu:Browse-->printers \r\n Menu:Edit-->add-->Access to Printer... \r\n Print Client: i1 \r\n Printer Name: bpp0 \r\n Print Server: i2 \r\n Description: bpp0 on i2 \r\n Option: Default Printer \r\n Press OK \r\n\r\n # xetops \r\n convert chinese text file to PostScript file \r\n \r\n\r\n17. 用户管理user account \r\n\r\n 图形管理工具\r\n =============\r\n # admintool & \r\n\r\n 相关文件\r\n ========\r\n [1] /etc/passwd \r\n 例如:\r\n # vi /etc/passwd \r\n max::1001:10:max li:/home/max:/bin/csh \r\n frank::1002:10:frank lau:/export/home/frank:/sbin/sh \r\n [2] /etc/shaddow \r\n [3] /etc/group \r\n [4] /export/home/user \r\n [5] .cshrc \r\n C shell \r\n # vi .cshrc \r\n umask 022 \r\n set path = ( /bin /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/ucb \\ \r\n /usr/lib /etc/init.d \\ \r\n /usr/lib/netsvc/yp /usr/lib/nis \\ \r\n /usr/ccs/bin \\ \r\n /usr/openwin/bin ) \r\n setenv TERM sun-cmd \r\n setenv EDITOR /usr/bin/vi \r\n # source .cshrc \r\n # setenv PATH \"/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb/bin\" \r\n \r\n [6] .login \r\n [7] .profile \r\n B shell \r\n # vi .profile \r\n umask 022 \r\n PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb:/usr/lib:/etc/init.d: \r\n PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/netsvc/yp:/usr/lib/nis:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/openwin/bin \r\n TERM=vt100 \r\n DISPLAY=i2:0.0 \r\n export PATH TERM DISPLAY \r\n #. /.profile \r\n #set \r\n \r\n\r\n [8] .Xdefaults \r\n [9] .dt \r\n\r\n 用户管理常用命令\r\n =================\r\n [1] chmod \r\n 例如:\r\n #chmod -R 755 /export/home/frank \r\n\r\n [2] chown \r\n 例如:\r\n #chown -R frank:staff /export/home/frank \r\n\r\n [3] chgrp

作者: mengge 时间: 2005-04-06 16:04
18. 常用UNIX命令集锦(Commonly used UNIX commands )\r\n\r\n [1] cat\r\n [2] ls -al\r\n [3] cd\r\n [4] pwd\r\n [5] mv\r\n [6] cp\r\n [7] rm -r \r\n [8] rmdir\r\n [9] mkdir\r\n [10] find (find /etc -name host )\r\n [11] lp \r\n [12] set; setenv; export;\r\n [13] df -k \r\n [14] du -k (du .)\r\n [15] grep (ps -ef|grep root)\r\n [16] ps -ef\r\n [17] kill id (kill -9 pid)\r\n [18] du\r\n [19] ln \r\n [20] man( man -k keyword)\r\n [21] catman

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