重装系统后DISKSUITE RAID的恢复

ywsun

Problem Description
If your machine with an SDS-mirrored root disk has been completely destroyed
and you need to restore from backup, this document will show you the additional
steps you must take to re-create the DiskSuite state databases and how to resolve
issues with the mirrored boot configuration on your backup tapes.
This document assumes that the reader has a good working knowledge
of DiskSuite.  
                                                                           
Problem Solution
Problem Description
If your machine with an SDS-mirrored root disk has been completely destroyed
and you need to restore from backup, this document will show you the additional
steps you must take to re-create the DiskSuite state databases and how to resolve
issues with the mirrored boot configuration on your backup tapes.
This document assumes that the reader has a good working knowledge
of DiskSuite.  
                                                                           
Problem Solution
                        
NOTE: In order to restore the machine exactly the way it was, it is necessary
to have a record of the locations of the state databases, and also the
configuration of the metadevices.  These are *not* held in user-readable form
on the root filesystem, so it is useful to get the information BEFORE a crash
with the commands:
        
# metadb -i
               
This command shows the condition and location of DiskSuite's state
        database replicas. It is useful to have this information in case their
        recreation is neccessary.
        
# metastat -p
               
You will redirect this output to a file for safekeeping. This
        information is most often sent to the /etc/opt/SUNWmd/md.tab file for
        disaster recovery purposes (see step 6 below). Check the md.tab file prior
        to overwriting it, though. If a valid one exists, redirect the metastat -p
        to another filename and run a 'diff' on it to check for inconsistencies.
        The metastat -p, however, will reflect the most current, known, configuration.
Of course, you will need to create a new root disk and restore the last
full backup to that new disk.  It is expected that you will partition
the disk in much the same manner as you had it before.  Remember that
if there was a small partition on your original disk for a state
replica that you do the same thing for this disk.
Once the disk has been created, restore your root filesystems from
backups.  However, before attempting to boot the system after the
restore, we must make some necessary changes to let Solaris know that
the root disk is no longer mirrored.  To do this, the /etc/system and
the /etc/vfstab files must be modified.                                             
     
1) Boot cdrom, and mount the root filesystem to /a.
   
ok boot cdrom -s
     
# mount /dev/dsk/c#t#d#s# /a
2) Restore the root filesystem from backup tape into /a and initialise
   the boot block using
   
# installboot /usr/platform//lib/fs/ufs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#s#
3) Mount and restore any other critical filesystems such as /usr /var /opt etc.
4) If the replacement machine does not have it disks connected via the same
   paths as the original then you may have to follow the procedure documented in
   SRDB 15010 to rebuild the /devices and /dev structures.
      
5) vi /a/etc/system (before using vi you may need to set the terminal
   type e.g. TERM=sun; export TERM)
   
Remove ALL lines between the "MDD root info" lines as well as those
   between the "MDD database info" lines.  In the following example
   file, all these lines would be removed from the file:
     
-------------------------------------------------------------
      
* Begin MDD root info (do not edit)
      
forceload: misc/md_trans
      
forceload: misc/md_raid
      
forceload: misc/md_hotspares
      
forceload: misc/md_stripe
      
forceload: misc/md_mirror
      
forceload: drv/sd
      
forceload: drv/esp
      
forceload: drv/espdma
      
forceload: drv/sbus
      
forceload: drv/iommu
      
rootdev:/pseudo/md@0:0,3,blk
      
* End MDD root info (do not edit)
      
* Begin MDD database info (do not edit)
      
set md:mddb_bootlist1="sd:14:16 sd:15:16"
      
* End MDD database info (do not edit)
      
-------------------------------------------------------------
6) vi /a/etc/vfstab
   
Change all metadevices for the root filesystems (root, usr, var, and
   opt) back to regular slices (/dev/dsk/c#t#d#s#).  Comment out all
   the other metadevices for the time being.  For example:
      
** EXAMPLE FILE BEFORE:
      
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      
#device         device           mount         FS     fsck  mount   mount
      
#to mount       to fsck          point         type   pass  at boot options
      
/proc           -                /proc         proc   -     no      -
      
fd              -                /dev/fd       fd     -     no      -
      
swap            -                /tmp          tmpfs  -     yes     -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d1  -                -             swap   -     no      -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d0  /dev/md/rdsk/d0  /             ufs    1     no      -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d2  /dev/md/rdsk/d2  /usr          ufs    1     no      -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d3  /dev/md/rdsk/d3  /var          ufs    2     yes     -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d4  /dev/md/rdsk/d4  /opt          ufs    2     yes     -
      
/dev/md/dsk/d5  /dev/md/rdsk/d5  /export/home  ufs    3     yes     quota
      
/dev/md/dsk/d6  /dev/md/rdsk/d6  /export/home1 ufs    3     yes     quota
      
      
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      
** EXAMPLE FILE AFTER:
      
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
      
#device           device             mount         FS     fsck  mount   mount
      
#to mount         to fsck            point         type   pass  at boot options
      
#
      
/proc             -                  /proc         proc   -     no      -
      
fd                -                  /dev/fd       fd     -     no      -
      
swap              -                  /tmp          tmpfs  -     yes     -
      
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 -                  -             swap   -     no      -
      
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 /             ufs    1     no      -
      
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s6 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6 /usr          ufs    1     no      -
      
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7 /var          ufs    2     yes     -
      
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s4 /opt          ufs    2     yes     -
      
#/dev/md/dsk/d5    /dev/md/rdsk/d5    /export/home  ufs    3     yes     quota
      
#/dev/md/dsk/d6    /dev/md/rdsk/d6    /export/home1 ufs    3     yes     quota
      
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
7) Remove all lines (except for the 2 comment lines at the top) from
   the "mddb.cf" file.  This file exists either in the /etc/opt/SUNWmd
   or /etc/lvm directory, depending on the version of DiskSuite you are
   running.
8) Boot the system from the newly restored boot disk.  When the system
   comes up, only root (and /usr, /var, and /opt, if they exist) will be
   mounted using the slices on the new root disk.                                    
9) Re-add the state databases with the 'metadb' command.  Use the
   output of the 'metadb' command you saved to get the locations.
        
metadb -a -f
        
metadb -a -f
        
metadb -a -f
10)Re-create the "md.tab" file from the 'metastat' output you saved (or
   from memory), except make sure that all mirrors to be one-way
   mirrors and all RAID5 devices contain the "-k" option.  For the boot
   disk, ensure that the one-way mirrors refer to the side which has
   been restored.  Make sure the order is correct so that mirrors aren't
   created until the submirrors already exist. See below the necessary
   changes that must be made to ensure one-way mirrors are used.
   
The "md.tab" file exists either in the /etc/opt/SUNWmd or /etc/lvm
   directory, depending on the version of DiskSuite you are running.
   
For example:
     
vi md.tab
      
** EXAMPLE FILE BEFORE:
      
-------------------------------------------------
      
d0 -m d10 d20            <-- see the two-way mirror!
      
d10 1 1 c0t0d0s0
      
d20 1 1 c1t0d0s0
      
d1 -m d11 d21
      
d11 1 1 c0t0d0s1
      
d21 1 1 c1t0d0s1
      
d2 -m d12 d22
      
d12 1 1 c0t0d0s6
      
d22 1 1 c1t0d0s6
      
d3 -m d13 d23
      
d13 1 1 c0t0d0s7
      
d23 1 1 c1t0d0s7
      
d4 -m d14 d24
      
d14 1 1 c0t0d0s4
      
d24 1 1 c1t0d0s4
      
d5 -m d15 d25
      
d15 4 c0t1d0s2 c0t2d0s2 c1t1d0s2 c1t2d0s2
      
d25 4 c0t3d0s2 c1t3d0s2 c1t4d0s2 c1t5d0s2
      
d6 -r c1t6d0s2 c1t8d0s2 c1t9d0s2
      
-------------------------------------------------
      
** EXAMPLE FILE AFTER:
      
-------------------------------------------------
      
d10 1 1 c0t0d0s0
      
d20 1 1 c1t0d0s0
      
d0 -m d10                <-- see the one-way mirror!
      
d11 1 1 c0t0d0s1
      
d21 1 1 c1t0d0s1
      
d1 -m d11
      
d12 1 1 c0t0d0s6
      
d22 1 1 c1t0d0s6
      
d2 -m d12
      
d13 1 1 c0t0d0s7
      
d23 1 1 c1t0d0s7
      
d3 -m d13
      
d14 1 1 c0t0d0s4
      
d24 1 1 c1t0d0s4
      
d4 -m d14
      
d15 4 c0t1d0s2 c0t2d0s2 c1t1d0s2 c1t2d0s2
      
d25 4 c0t3d0s2 c1t3d0s2 c1t4d0s2 c1t5d0s2
      
d5 -m d15
      
d6 -r c1t6d0s2 c1t8d0s2 c1t9d0s2 -k
     
-------------------------------------------------
11)Run the 'metainit' command to create all the metadevices that are
   
listed in the "md.tab" file.
      
# metainit -f -a
12)Run the 'metaroot' command to set the metadevice as a root device.
      
# metaroot d0
13)Add in the other metadevices into the /etc/vfstab file for the
   other root filesystems as well as the other metadevices that you
   created in step 7.
14)Reboot.
15)You will now attach all the second mirrors to all the mirrored
   metadevices. For example:
       
# metattach d0 d20

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