SUN系统管理员培训中文教材 第三、四章

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第三章 安装Solaris操作系统
Software Groupings  
基本  
   包含系统运行所需的最基本的软件和设备驱动。不包括图形界面和手册页。  
最终用户  
   除了基本软件外，还包括图形界面。  
开发者  
   包括编译工具、图形界面、手册页。  
完整分发和 OEM 支持  
   包含全部内容和一些OEM地硬件设备驱动。  

Installation Information Worksheet  
Acquire the following necessary information prior to your installation:  
Host name:____________________________________________________  
IP address:_____________________________________________________  
Name service (NIS, NIS+, DNS or None):_________________________  
Subnet (yes or no):______________________________________________  
Geographic location:____________________________________________  
Time zone information:__________________________________________  
Root password:_________________________________________________  

Installation Process  
1. Insert the CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.  
2. Boot the release media.  
ok boot cdrom  
3. Select the appropriate language and locale for your site and click on Continue.  
4. Enter the assigned host name for the system  
5. Type the IP address  
6 . Select the type of the name service  
7. Select Time Zone  
8. Select Initial to perform an initial install and not preserve current settings  
9 . Select the software group  
10 . Set the sizes of each disk partition  
11 . Type a root (superuser) password

第四章 软件包管理
所有Solaris系统的软件都以包的形式出现。  
软件包包含：  
   软件包的描述文件  
   系统需求的描述文件  
   需要安装的文件  
   安装前以及安装后需要运行的脚本  

1.         The pkgadd command  
用于安装软件包  
pkgadd [ -d [device | pathname ]] pkg_name  

# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product SUNWaudio  
Processing package instance  from  
  
Audio applications  
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13  
Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.  
Using  as the package base directory.  
## Processing package information.  
## Processing system information.  
2 package pathnames are already properly installed.  
## Verifying package dependencies.  
## Verifying disk space requirements.  
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.  
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.  
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user  
permission during the process of installing this package.  
Do you want to continue with the installation of  [y,n,?] y  
Installing Audio applications as   
## Installing part 1 of 1.  
Installation of  was successful.  



2.         The pkginfo command  

不加任何参数用于查看系统已经安装的软件包  
# pkginfo | more  
  
application SUNWAxg Solaris XGL 3.3 AnswerBook  
application SUNWaadm Solaris 7 System Administrator Collection  
system SUNWab2m Solaris Documentation Server Lookup  
system SUNWab2r Solaris Documentation Server  
system SUNWab2s Solaris Documentation Server  
system SUNWab2u Solaris Documentation Server  
application SUNWabda Sun Ultra 5/10 Hardware AnswerBook  
application SUNWabe Solaris 7 User Collection  
application SUNWabsdk Solaris 7 Software Developer Collection  

The pkginfo Command  
后面可跟一些参数，显示特定某个软件包的信息  
Command Format  
   pkginfo [ -d [ device | pathname ] ] [ -l ] pkg_name  
参数  
-d device 指定软件所在的位置，可以是目录、磁带机、软盘等等  
-l 显示详细信息  
pkg_name 软件包名  

输出列  
CATEGORY 软件包的类型，是“应用软件”和是“系统软件”  
PKGINST 软件包名，如果是SUNW打头，则是SUN的产品  
NAME 软件的简要描述  

# pkginfo -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product -l SUNWaudio  
PKGINST: SUNWaudio  
NAME: Audio applications  
CATEGORY: system  
ARCH: sparc  
VERSION: 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13  
BASEDIR: /  
VENDOR: Sun Microsystems, Inc.  
DESC: Audio binaries  
PSTAMP: dtbuild37s19980813171753  
HOTLINE: Please contact your local service provider  
STATUS: spooled  
FILES: 9 spooled pathnames  
2 directories  
3 executables  
4 package information files  
700 blocks used (approx)  

3.         The pkgrm Command  
Command Format  
   pkgrm package_name  
用于删除软件包  
# pkgrm SUNWaudio  
The following package is currently installed:  
SUNWaudio Audio applications  
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13  
Do you want to remove this package? y  
## Removing installed package instance   
## Verifying package dependencies.  
WARNING:  
The  package depends on the package  
currently being removed.  
WARNING:  
The  package depends on the package  
currently being removed.  
WARNING:  
The  package depends on the package  
currently being removed.  
WARNING:  
The  package depends on the package  
currently being removed.  
Dependency checking failed.  
Do you want to continue with the removal of this package [y,n,?,q]  
如果某个文件被多个包共享，则当最后一个包被删除时才被删除。  

4.         The pkgchk Command  
用于检查已安装的软件包  
Command Format  
   pkgchk [ -p path1 [ path2...] ]  
# pkgchk SUNWaudio  
#  
# pkgchk -p /etc/group  
ERROR: /etc/group  
file size  expected  actual  
file cksum  expected  actual  
pkgchk命令校验包的属性和内容是否与系统记录的一致。  
这个命令能检测整个包或是某个文件。没有输出表示包已经安装，但未发现不一致。  

5.         admintool图形管理工具  
admintool是solaris图形管理工具，包括管理软件包、主机名、主机地址、打印机、串口、用户、用户组等。  


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