[root@localhost awk]# cat matrix.txt
3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3
[root@localhost awk]# awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)a[i]=(a[i])?a[i]" "$i:$i}END{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)print a[i]}' matrix.txt
3 1 0
4 2 1
5 3 2
6 4 3[size=3][/size]
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)a[i]=(a[i])?a[i]" "$i:$i}