使用Perl Gtk2来写GUI图形用户界面

redwyz

请楼主详细阐述一下GTk2比起Tk, Win32::GUI的优势劣势.

Perl_Er

great.

iakuf

原帖由 redwyz 于 2009-9-9 12:07 发表
请楼主详细阐述一下GTk2比起Tk, Win32::GUI的优势劣势.

Win32::GUI没用过,不过我想他不能在linux上跑吧,看这个名字.但GTK都是可以的.TK相比起来,中文支持不好,不开源.这也是为什么Redhat从kde换成gnome的原因

flw

原帖由 iakuf 于 2009-9-9 15:03 发表

Win32::GUI没用过,不过我想他不能在linux上跑吧,看这个名字.但GTK都是可以的.TK相比起来,中文支持不好,不开源.这也是为什么Redhat从kde换成gnome的原因

Tk 和 KDE 有什么关系吗？
另外，Perl/Tk 没有源代码吗？
不太了解。

BTW：Tk 中文支持不好这个是老新闻了，我没验证过是否是谣传，不过目前版本的 Tk 的中文支持还算不错。

iakuf

原帖由 flw 于 2009-9-9 15:49 发表

Tk 和 KDE 有什么关系吗？
另外，Perl/Tk 没有源代码吗？
不太了解。

BTW：Tk 中文支持不好这个是老新闻了，我没验证过是否是谣传，不过目前版本的 Tk 的中文支持还算不错。

呵呵,不好意思,看成了QT.

yhyaohu

mark，学习。

AKMFCJ

请问楼主windows下的 GTK-Perl 如果安装。

will.ni

先看看，以后用的上

nonultimate

不错，不过perl写gui天生有两个缺陷假死和不能编译为二进制文件，如果用perl开发qq维护成本将相当高，perl在这方面不如python。

iakuf

perl gtk拖动图标的例子

1. #! /usr/bin/perl -w
   
2. 
   
3. use strict;
   
4. use Gtk2 '-init';
   
5. use Glib qw/TRUE FALSE/;
   
6. use Gtk2::SimpleList;
   
7. 
   
8. #Declare our columns
   
9. use constant C_MARKUP               => 0;
   
10. use constant C_PIXBUF               => 1;
    
11. 
    
12. #Declare our IDENDTIFIER ID's
    
13. use constant ID_ICONVIEW            => 48;
    
14. use constant ID_LABEL               => 49;
    
15. use constant ID_URI                 => 50;
    
16. 
    
17. #Add a tooltip object
    
18. my $tooltips = Gtk2::Tooltips->new();
    
19. 
    
20. #standard window creation, placement, and signal connecting
    
21. my $window = Gtk2::Window->new('toplevel');
    
22. $window->signal_connect('delete_event' => sub { Gtk2->main_quit; });
    
23. $window->set_border_width(5);
    
24. $window->set_position('center_always');
    
25. 
    
26. #add and show the vbox
    
27. $window->add(&ret_vbox);
    
28. $window->show();
    
29. 
    
30. #our main event-loop
    
31. Gtk2->main();
    
32. 
    
33. sub ret_vbox {
    
34. 
    
35.     my $vbox = Gtk2::VBox->new(FALSE,5);
    
36.     my $h_paned = Gtk2::HPaned->new();
    
37. 
    
38.         my $v_paned = Gtk2::VPaned->new();
    
39.         #get the iconview
    
40.         $v_paned->pack1(create_iconview(),TRUE,FALSE);
    
41.         #get the simple list where everything will be dropped into
    
42.         $v_paned->pack2(create_simple_list(),TRUE,FALSE);
    
43. 
    
44.     $h_paned->pack1($v_paned,TRUE,FALSE);
    
45. 
    
46.         #create an eventbox to accept drag actions
    
47.         my $event_box = Gtk2::EventBox->new();
    
48.             my $label_drag_me = Gtk2::Label->new("Now Stanley,\nDO NOT drag this item");
    
49.         $event_box->add($label_drag_me);
    
50. 
    
51.         #Try and convince the user otherwise
    
52.         $tooltips->set_tip ($event_box,
    
53.             'No way! You have to drag it at least once!'.
    
54.             'Drag it, and drop it into the bottom list'
    
55.             );
    
56. 
    
57.         #Setting up the Gtk2::Event Box instead of the Gtk2::Label, enabling it as
    
58.         #a drag source
    
59.         $event_box->drag_source_set (
    
60.                                     ['button1_mask', 'button3_mask'],
    
61.                                     ['copy'],
    
62.                                     {
    
63.                                     'target' => 'text/plain',
    
64.                                     'flags' => [],
    
65.                                     'info' => ID_LABEL,
    
66.                                     },
    
67.         );
    
68. 
    
69.             my $text_to_drag = '<span foreground="red" size="x-large">"Well there\'s another nice mess you\'ve gotten me into."</span>';
    
70. 
    
71.         #set up the data which needs to be fed to the drag destination (drop)
    
72.         $event_box->signal_connect ('drag-data-get' => \&source_drag_data_get,$text_to_drag );
    
73. 
    
74.     $h_paned->pack2($event_box,TRUE,FALSE);
    
75. 
    
76. $vbox->add($h_paned);
    
77. $vbox->show_all();
    
78. return $vbox;
    
79. }
    
80. 
    
81. sub create_iconview {
    
82. #---------------------------------------------------
    
83. #Creates an Iconview in a ScrolledWindow. This -----
    
84. #Iconview has the ability to drag items off it  -----
    
85. #---------------------------------------------------
    
86. 
    
87.     my $icon_string= undef;
    
88.     my $tree_model = create_iconview_model();
    
89. 
    
90.     my $icon_view = Gtk2::IconView->new_with_model($tree_model);
    
91.     $icon_view->set_markup_column(C_MARKUP);
    
92.     $icon_view->set_pixbuf_column(C_PIXBUF);
    
93. 
    
94.     #Enable the Gtk2::IconView as a drag source
    
95.     $icon_view->drag_source_set (
    
96.                                 ['button1_mask', 'button3_mask'],
    
97.                                 ['copy'],
    
98.                                 {
    
99.                                     'target' => 'STRING',
    
100.                                     'flags' => [],
     
101.                                     'info' => ID_ICONVIEW,
     
102.                                 },
     
103.                         );
     
104. 
     
105.     #This is a nice to have. It changes the drag icon to that of the
     
106.     #icon which are now selected and dragged (single selection mode)
     
107.     $icon_view->signal_connect('drag-begin' => sub {
     
108.         $icon_view->selected_foreach ( sub{
     
109. 
     
110.                 my $iter =$tree_model->get_iter($_[1]);
     
111.                 #set the text and pixbuf
     
112.                 my $icon_pixbuf = $tree_model->get_value($iter,C_PIXBUF);
     
113.                 $icon_string = $tree_model->get_value($iter,C_MARKUP);
     
114.                 $icon_view->drag_source_set_icon_pixbuf ($icon_pixbuf);
     
115.         } );
     
116.     });
     
117. 
     
118.     #set up the data which needs to be fed to the drag destination (drop)
     
119.     $icon_view->signal_connect ('drag-data-get' => sub { source_drag_data_get(@_,$icon_string) } );
     
120.    
     
121.     #Standard scrolledwindow to allow growth
     
122.     my $sw = Gtk2::ScrolledWindow->new(undef,undef);
     
123.     $sw->set_policy('never','automatic');
     
124.     $sw->add($icon_view);
     
125.     $sw->set_border_width(6);
     
126.     $sw->set_size_request(600,150);
     
127.     return $sw;
     
128. }
     
129. 
     
130. sub create_iconview_model {
     
131. #----------------------------------------------------
     
132. #The Iconview needs a Gtk2::Treemodel implementation-
     
133. #containing at least a Glib::String and -------------
     
134. #Gtk2::Gdk::Pixbuf type. The first is used for the --
     
135. #text of the icon, and the last for the icon self----
     
136. #Gtk2::ListStore is ideal for this ------------------
     
137. #----------------------------------------------------
     
138. 
     
139.     my $list_store = Gtk2::ListStore->new(qw/Glib::String Gtk2::Gdk::Pixbuf/);
     
140. 
     
141.     #******************************************************
     
142.     #we populate the Gtk2::ListStore with Gtk2::Stock icons
     
143.     #******************************************************
     
144. 
     
145.     my $icon_factory = Gtk2::IconFactory->new();
     
146. 
     
147.     foreach my $val(sort Gtk2::Stock->list_ids){
     
148.         #get the iconset from the icon_factory
     
149.         my $iconset = $icon_factory->lookup_default($val);
     
150.         #try and extract the icon from it
     
151. #        my $pixbuf = $iconset->render_icon(Gtk2::Style->new(),'none','normal','dnd',undef);
     
152.         my $pixbuf = Gtk2::Gdk::Pixbuf->new_from_file("rdp.png");
     
153. 
     
154.         #if there was a valid icon in the iconset, add it
     
155.         if( defined $pixbuf ){
     
156. 
     
157.             my $iter = $list_store->append;
     
158.             $list_store->set (
     
159.                         $iter,
     
160.                         C_MARKUP, "<b>$val</b>",
     
161.                         C_PIXBUF, $pixbuf,
     
162.              );
     
163. 
     
164.         }
     
165.     }
     
166. 
     
167.     return $list_store;
     
168. }
     
169. 
     
170. sub create_simple_list {
     
171. #---------------------------------------------------
     
172. #Creates a simple list with pixbuf and markup  -----
     
173. #columns make this list the drop target for various-
     
174. #drag sources --------------------------------------
     
175. #---------------------------------------------------
     
176. 
     
177.     my $slist = Gtk2::SimpleList->new ('' => 'pixbuf', ''  => 'markup');
     
178.     $slist->set_rules_hint(TRUE);
     
179.     $slist->set_headers_visible(FALSE);
     
180. 
     
181.      #Also suggest to try Nautilus
     
182.      $tooltips->set_tip ($slist,
     
183.             'Drag a few files from Nautilus '.
     
184.             'and drop it here'
     
185.             );
     
186. 
     
187.     #Create a target table to receive drops
     
188.     my @target_table = (
     
189. 
     
190.         {'target' => 'STRING',       'flags' => [], 'info' => ID_ICONVIEW   },
     
191.         {'target' => "text/uri-list",'flags' => [], 'info' => ID_URI        },
     
192.         {'target' => "text/plain",  'flags' => [], 'info' => ID_LABEL       },
     
193.     );
     
194. 
     
195.     #make this the drag destination (drop) for various drag sources
     
196.     $slist->drag_dest_set('all', ['copy'], @target_table);
     
197. 
     
198.     #do a callback as soon as drag data is received
     
199.     $slist->signal_connect ('drag-data-received' => \&target_drag_data_received,$slist );
     
200. 
     
201.     #Standard scrolledwindow to allow growth
     
202.     my $sw = Gtk2::ScrolledWindow->new(undef,undef);
     
203.     $sw->set_policy('never','automatic');
     
204.     $sw->add($slist);
     
205.     $sw->set_border_width(6);
     
206.     $sw->set_size_request(600,150);
     
207.     return $sw;
     
208. }
     
209. 
     
210. sub target_drag_data_received {
     
211. #---------------------------------------------------
     
212. #Extract the data which was set up during the  -----
     
213. #'drag-data-get' event which fired just before -----
     
214. #the 'drag-data-received' event. Also checks which--
     
215. #source supplied the data, and handle accordingly----
     
216. #---------------------------------------------------
     
217. 
     
218.     my ($widget, $context, $x, $y, $data, $info, $time,$slist) = @_;
     
219. 
     
220.     my $icon_factory = Gtk2::IconFactory->new();
     
221. 
     
222.     if ($info eq ID_LABEL){
     
223.         my $iconset = $icon_factory->lookup_default('gtk-no');
     
224.         my $pixbuf = $iconset->render_icon(Gtk2::Style->new(),'none','normal','menu',undef);
     
225.         push @{$slist->{data}}, [ $pixbuf, $data->data ];
     
226.     }
     
227. 
     
228.     if ($info eq ID_URI){
     
229.         my $iconset = $icon_factory->lookup_default('gtk-yes');
     
230.         my $pixbuf = $iconset->render_icon(Gtk2::Style->new(),'none','normal','menu',undef);
     
231. 
     
232.         foreach ($data->get_uris){
     
233.             push @{$slist->{data}},
     
234.                     [ $pixbuf, '<span foreground="forest green" size="x-small">'.$_.'</span>' ];
     
235.         }
     
236.     }
     
237. 
     
238.     if ($info eq ID_ICONVIEW){
     
239. 
     
240.         my $no_markup = $data->data;
     
241.         $no_markup =~ s/<[^>]*>//g;
     
242.         my $iconset = $icon_factory->lookup_default($no_markup);
     
243.         my $pixbuf = $iconset->render_icon(Gtk2::Style->new(),'none','normal','menu',undef);
     
244.         push @{$slist->{data}}, [ $pixbuf, $data->data ];
     
245.     }
     
246. 
     
247.     $context->finish (0, 0, $time);
     
248. }
     
249. 
     
250. sub source_drag_data_get {
     
251. #---------------------------------------------------
     
252. #This sets up the data of the drag source. It is ---
     
253. #required before the 'drag-data-received' event ----
     
254. #fires which can be used to extract this data ------
     
255. #---------------------------------------------------
     
256. 
     
257.     my ($widget, $context, $data, $info, $time,$string) = @_;
     
258. 
     
259.     $data->set_text($string,-1);
     
260. }

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