python UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters 解决方法

阳光boyer

python UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters  详解
新建一个test.py

1. #coding:utf-8
   
2. 
   
3. s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
   
4. print type(s)
   
5. print s

复制代码

执行错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
<type 'unicode'>
  File "/home/sdm/work/code/datadeal/tran_client/test_encode.py", line 5, in <module>
    print s
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 5-6: ordinal not in range(12
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修改如下
#coding:utf-8
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
print type(s)
print s
---------一切正常-------
<type 'unicode'>
nihao中国

---------------------------
修改如下：

1. #coding:utf-8
   
2. import sys
   
3. reload(sys)
   
4. #sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
   
5. 
   
6. s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
   
7. print type(s)
   
8. 
   
9. fn='/tmp/test.txt'
   
10. f=open(fn,'w')
    
11. f.write(s)
    
12. f.close()
    
13. print open(fn).read()

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报错
<type 'unicode'>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_encode.py", line 11, in <module>
    f.write(s)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 5-6: ordinal not in range(12

-------------------------
说明 sys.setdefaultencoding
修改了默认的 unicode.encode 编码 行为
sys 为何reload 才有 sys.setdefaultencoding
-------
#coding:utf-8
import sys
#reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
-----------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_encode.py", line 4, in <module>
    sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'setdefaultencoding'
--------------------
grep -r -i 'setdefaultencoding' /usr/lib/python2.6
会看到
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py:        sys.setdefaultencoding(encoding) # Needs Python Unicode build !
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py:    # Remove sys.setdefaultencoding() so that users cannot change the
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py:    if hasattr(sys, "setdefaultencoding":
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py:        del sys.setdefaultencoding

2gua

直接设置成GBK吧，省事简洁。