apache,tomcat成功整合一点一滴详细记录

jesonc-wei

系统软件环境：
Linux 2.4.21-4.EL
apr-1.1.1.tar.tar
apr-util-1.1.2.tar.tar
httpd-2.0.57.tar.tar
jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-src-current.tar.tar
jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30.tar.gz
jdk-1_5_0_11-linux-i586-rpm.bin
libtool-1.5.6.tar.gz
服务器IP为172.16.11.86
为便于管理，上面除了jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30.tar.gz放在/usr/local/目录下外，其它所有软件包都放在/usr/local/src，纯属个人爱好
安装步骤
1、系统安装不用说，略
2、安装JDK1.5
[root@localhost src]# chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_11-linux-i586-rpm.bin
[root@localhost src]# ./jdk-1_5_0_11-linux-i586-rpm.bin
UnZipSFX 5.42 of 14 January 2001, by Info-ZIP (
Zip-Bugs@lists.wku.edu
).
  inflating: jdk-1_5_0_11-linux-i586.rpm  
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:jdk                    ########################################### [100%]

Done.
[root@localhost local]# vi /etc/profile
加入
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11/
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost local]# java -version
java version "1.5.0_11"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.5.0_11-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.5.0_11-b03, mixed mode, sharin
3、安装tomcat5.0.30
[root@localhost src]# mv jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30.tar.gz /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30.tar.gz
[root@localhost bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/temp
Using JAVA_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11/
[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep tomcat
root     32051     1 39 20:12 pts/1    00:00:02 /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11//bin/java -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/common/endorsed -classpath /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11//lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/bin/commons-logging-api.jar -Dcatalina
root     32093 21906  0 20:12 pts/1    00:00:00 grep tomcat
浏览器中打入
http://172.16.11.86:8080/
,如果看到tomcat的欢迎画面，表示安装成功.
4、安装apr-1.1.1
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf apr-1.1.1.tar.tar
apr-1.1.1/libapr.rc
apr-1.1.1/build-outputs.mk
apr-1.1.1/apr.spec
[root@localhost apr-1.1.1]# ./configure
config.status: creating apr.pc
config.status: creating include/arch/unix/apr_private.h
config.status: executing default commands
[root@localhost apr-1.1.1]# make
gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX=2 -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE   -I./include -I/usr/local/src/apr-1.1.1/include/arch/unix -I./include/arch/unix -I/usr/local/src/apr-1.1.1/include  export_vars.c | sed -e 's/^\#[^!]*//' | sed -e '/^$/d' >> apr.exp
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apr-1.1.1'
[root@localhost apr-1.1.1]# make install
done
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 build/apr_rules.out /usr/local/apr/build-1/apr_rules.mk
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
5、安装apr-util-1.1.2
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.1.2.tar.tar
apr-util-1.1.2/build-outputs.mk
apr-util-1.1.2/libaprutil.rc
-zxvf apr-util-1.1.2.tar.tar
[root@localhost apr-util-1.1.2]# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: creating include/private/apu_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
[root@localhost apr-util-1.1.2]# make
gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX=2 -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE   -I/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.1.2/include -I/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.1.2/include/private  -I/usr/local/apr/include/apr-1    export_vars.c | sed -e 's/^\#[^!]*//' | sed -e '/^$/d' >> aprutil.exp
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.1.2'
[root@localhost apr-util-1.1.2]# make install
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 aprutil.exp /usr/local/apr/lib
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apu-config.out /usr/local/apr/bin/apu-1-config
6、安装httpd-2.0.57
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.0.57.tar.tar
httpd-2.0.57/acinclude.m4
httpd-2.0.57/Makefile.win
httpd-2.0.57/ABOUT_APACHE
httpd-2.0.57/configure
[root@localhost httpd-2.0.57]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=most --enable-shared=max --enable-so
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
[root@localhost httpd-2.0.57]# make
libprefork.la server/libmain.la os/unix/libos.la  /usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57/srclib/pcre/libpcre.la /usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57/srclib/apr-util/libaprutil-0.la -lexpat /usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57/srclib/apr/libapr-0.la -lrt -lm -lcrypt -lnsl -lpthread -ldl
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57'
[root@localhost httpd-2.0.57]# make install
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man8
mkdir /usr/local/apache/manual
Installing build system files
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57'
7、安装jk2（最复杂的地方）注意红色报错
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-src-current.tar.tar
jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/scandoc/
jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/scandoc/scandoc.pl
jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/scandoc/template.pl
[root@localhost native2]# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs
need to check for Perl first, apxs depends on it...
checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl
configure: error: can't locate libapr
处理方法：
[root@localhost lib]# pwd
/usr/local/apr/lib
[root@localhost lib]# ln -s /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.1.1 /usr/local/apache/lib/libapr-1.so
[root@localhost lib]# ln -s /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.1.1 /usr/local/apache/lib/libapr-1.so.0
[root@localhost lib]# ln -s /usr/local/apr/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0.1.1 /usr/local/apache/lib/libaprutil-1.so
[root@localhost lib]# ln -s /usr/local/apr/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0.1.1 /usr/local/apache/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0
[root@localhost native2]# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs
config.status: creating server/apache2/Makefile.apxs
config.status: creating ../build.properties
config.status: creating scripts/build/unix/dummy
config.status: executing depfiles commands
[root@localhost native2]# make
list=' server/apache2'; \
for i in $list; do \
        echo "Making $target in $i"; \
        if test "$i" != "."; then \
        (cd $i && make) || exit 1; \
fi; \
done;
Making  in server/apache2
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/jk/native2/server/apache2'
mkdir -p ../../../build/jk2/apache2/usr/local/apache/modules
/bin/sh /usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent  --mode=compile gcc  -g -O2 -pthread    -DLINUX=2 -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE   -I../../include -I/usr/local/apache/include -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57/srclib/apr-util/include -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.0.57/srclib/apr/include   -DCHUNK_SIZE=4096 -DUSE_APACHE_MD5   -c ../../common/jk_channel.c -o ../../../build/jk2/apache2/jk_channel.lo
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool: /usr/local/apache/build/libtool: No such file or directory
make[1]: *** [../../../build/jk2/apache2/jk_channel.lo] Error 127
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/jk/native2/server/apache2'
make: *** [jk2-build] Error 1
处理方法：
安装libtool-1.5.6
[root@localhost libtool-1.5.6]# ./configure
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
[root@localhost libtool-1.5.6]# make
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/libtool-1.5.6/tests'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/libtool-1.5.6/tests'
[root@localhost libtool-1.5.6]# make install
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/libtool-1.5.6/tests'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/libtool-1.5.6/tests'
[root@localhost build]# cd /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ln -s libtool /usr/local/apache/build/libtool
[root@localhost native2]# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs
config.status: creating server/apache2/Makefile.apxs
config.status: creating ../build.properties
config.status: creating scripts/build/unix/dummy
config.status: executing depfiles commands
[root@localhost native2]# make
libtool: install: warning: remember to run `libtool --finish /usr/local/apache/modules'
/bin/cp ../../../build/jk2/apache2//usr/local/apache/modules/mod_jk2.so ../../../build/jk2/apache2/mod_jk2.so
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/jk/native2/server/apache2'
[root@localhost apache2]# pwd
/webapp/www/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk2-2.0.4-src/jk/build/jk2/apache2
[root@localhost apache2]# cp mod_jk2.so /usr/local/apache/modules/      ---这一步骤一定要操作，否则，后面启动httpd时会报错
8、配置httpd和tomcat，开始整合，先保证httpd和tomcat都已经停掉
[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/usr/local/apache/conf
[root@localhost conf]# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf-bak           做任何配置前先进行备份，以便于后面的恢复
[root@localhost conf]# vi httpd.conf
找到如下三块地方
一、
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"

#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories).
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
# features.
#
Options None
AllowOverride None      ---》默认这里面是  Options FollowSymLinks
Order deny,Allow                           AllowOverride None
Allow from all

2、

#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
#   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
#
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
#   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes
#
    AllowOverride None

#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Order deny,allow
Allow from all            ---》默认这里面是Order allow,deny
XBitHack on                                Allow from all
3、
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
  LoadModule jk2_module modules/mod_jk2.so         ---》默认是没有这个的，自己添加
4、
# same purpose, but it is much slower.
#
DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp index.html.var    ---》默认是没有index.jsp的，自己添加的一个
注意：在网站上看到的资料，1那块还有一个
                                       Deny from all
                                               这样的内容，但是我的apache版本和其不一样，根目录下并没有WEB-INF，所以我也没去加那个
创建/usr/local/apache/conf/workers2.properties，内容如下：
[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/usr/local/apache/conf
[root@localhost conf]# vi workers2.properties
#---- worker2.properties
[logger.apache2]
level=DEBUG               ---日志级别

# Shared memory handling. Needs to be set.
[shm]
file=/usr/local/apache/logs/shm.file   
size=1048576              ---共享内存大小

# Example socket channel, explicitly set port and host.
[channel.socket:localhost:8009]
tomcatId=localhost:8009
port=8009
host=127.0.0.1

# define the worker
[ajp13:localhost:8009]
channel=channel.socket:localhost:8009

#[status:status]
# Uri mapping
#[uri:/jkstatus/*]
#group=status:status
#[uri:/jsp-examples/*]
#group=ajp13:localhost:8009
#[uri:/servlets-examples/*]
#group=ajp13:localhost:8009
#[uri:/javaapp/*]
#group=ajp13:localhost:8009
#[uri:www.home.net/*.jsp]
#worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
#[uri:10.0.0.10/*]
#worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
#[uri:/*.do]
#worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
[uri:/servlet/*]                         ---这里的意思是当apache遇到servlet请求时，将该文件解释工作转交给tomcat
worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
[uri:/*.jsp]                             ---这里的意思是当apache遇到jsp请求时，将该文件解释工作转交给tomcat
worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
#---- end of workers2.properties
修改/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/conf
[root@localhost conf]# cp server.xml server.xml-bak
[root@localhost conf]# vi server.xml
-->
      
                                  ---》默认红色部分是没有的，docBase一定要和根目录一样，除非有虚拟机主机
        
9、启动httpd，tomcat
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/apache/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep httpd
root     19220     1  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19221 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19222 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19223 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19224 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19225 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root     19227 18613  0 07:44 pts/1    00:00:00 grep httpd
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/temp
Using JAVA_HOME:       /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11/
[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep tomcat
root     19258     1  1 07:46 pts/1    00:00:02 /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11//bin/java -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/common/endorsed -classpath /usr/java/jdk1.5.0_11//lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/bin/commons-logging-api.jar -Dcatalina
[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep httpd
root     19220     1  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19221 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19222 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19223 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19224 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19225 19220  0 07:44 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
nobody   19248 19220  0 07:45 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
10、测试，使用
http://172.16.11.86
和
http://172.16.11.86
：8080，
http://172.16.11.86/test.jsp
进行访问，看到如下三图则说明httpd和tomcat的安装及整合都成功



11、同样可以在网上下载一个jsp探针进行测试是否支持JSP，我下的为jspcheck.jsp，然后使用
http://172.16.11.86/jsp-examples/jspcheck.jsp
，得到如下
    界面说明成功
12、需要注意的地方
若在安装jk2的时候总是不成功，一定要考虑各个软件包的匹配情况，因为有些httpd软件版本和一些jk2的版本是不能匹配的，我就是试了很多次才得出上面的文章
http,libtool,jk2这3个软件包一定要互相匹配
问题：访问jsp文件，得到的是jsp源代码；
解决方法：这是由于apache不能解释jsp，而它又没有把jsp的解释工作交给tomcat处理引起的，只要在worker2.propertiess文件里配置jsp的访问解释转移就可以了（[uri:/*.jsp] worker=ajp13:localhost:8009 ）；
问题：访问不了servlet；
检查在worker2.propertiess文件里是否有配置[uri:/servlet/*]
                                         worker=ajp13:localhost:8009
问题：图片、样式、脚本找不到（掉失）；
解决方法：apache（虚拟的）和tomcat在WEB应用的根目录设置上要一致如：
Apache：DocumentRoot /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/webapps
Tomcat：appBase="/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.0.30/webapps"
然后添加Apache虚拟主机时把80端口的描述去掉，如：
NameVirtualHost *:80
.......
改成
NameVirtualHost *
.......
问题：若出现中文乱码
分别在<Connector port="8080" 和<Connector port="8009" 中添加 URIEncoding="GBK",解决中文乱码

–enable-module=so
so模块用來提供DSO支持的apachehe核心模块，
–enable-shared=max
max是指所有已配置模块都编译成DSO模块(除了so以外的,so不能被编译成DSO的)
使用动态加载方式会带来5%的性能下降，但和带来的好处相比更本不算什么：比如模块生计方便，系统升级风险降低，安装过程标准化。
--enable-module=most
用most可以将一些不常用的，不在缺省常用模块中的模块编译进来



本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/93765/showart_2114189.html