yum配置

reasonpun

YUM的配置：
只要把 yum的更新地址改成开源的就行了。
而限定yum更新地址的文件在/etc/yum.repos.d/里，先把它们改成备份文件，即在后面加.bak。
mv  /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
mv  /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew  /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew.bak
建立新的配置文件：
cd  /etc/yum.repos.d
touch  rhel-debuginfo.repo  mirrors-rpmforge  rpmforge.repo
编辑配置文件1：
vi rhel-debuginfo.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
# vi dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5
baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
编辑配置文件2：
vi  mirrors-rpmforge
http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/[/url]$ARCH/dag
http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/dag.wieers/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp2.lcpe.uni-sofia.bg/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
#http://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/mirror/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirrors.ircam.fr/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rh-mirror.linux.iastate.edu/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://wftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
编辑配置文件3：
vi  rpmforge.repo
# Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 - dag
# URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
#baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag
mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1
如果速度慢的话可以通过增加yum的超时时间，这样就不会总是因为超时而退出。
vi  /etc/yum.conf
加上这么一句：timeout=120
还有一个包需要安装：rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
如果你是64位的操作系统：http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm 用这个，针对不同系统这个页面有对应的rpm包；
如果不安装的话有可能会出现以下错误：GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] 没有那个文件或目录: '/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag'
接下来就是输入KEY了。
rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
或
rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
加速yum
yum  install  yum-fastestmirror  yum-presto
指定或去掉软件源的mirror:
可以在baseurl中将比较慢的mirror去掉
你的yum镜像的速度测试记录文件：
/var/cache/yum/timedhosts.txt
yum Existing lock 错误的解决办法
如果系统启动的时候， yum 出现Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 3380. Aborting. 可以用下面的办法解决：
/etc/init.d/yum-updatesd  stop
也可以用以下方法：
rm  -f  /var/run/yum.pid
主要原因就是yum在自动更新只要关掉它就可以了
               
               
               

本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/91250/showart_2037185.html