《Linux 程序设计入门》 第四版 §6.5 窗口

oychw

一般在X/Open terms “extended”
curses中支持。

＊   
WINDOW Structure
Stdscr是the WINDOW structure的特例。就像stdout是文件流的特例一样。

创建和清除窗口：
#include
WINDOW *newwin(int num_of_lines, int num_of_cols, int
start_y, int start_x);
int delwin(WINDOW *window_to_delete);
＊   
通用函数

函数名定义的缩写。

#include
int addch(const chtype char);
int waddch(WINDOW *window_pointer, const chtype char)
int mvaddch(int y, int x, const chtype char);
int mvwaddch(WINDOW *window_pointer, int y, int x, const
chtype char);
int printw(char *format, ...);
int wprintw(WINDOW *window_pointer, char *format, ...);
int mvprintw(int y, int x, char *format, ...);
int mvwprintw(WINDOW *window_pointer, int y, int x, char
*format, ...);

＊   
移动和更新窗口

#include
int mvwin(WINDOW *window_to_move, int new_y, int new_x);
int wrefresh(WINDOW *window_ptr);
int wclear(WINDOW *window_ptr);
int werase(WINDOW *window_ptr);
int touchwin(WINDOW *window_ptr);
int scrollok(WINDOW *window_ptr, bool scroll_flag);
int scroll(WINDOW *window_ptr);

实例：管理多窗口
# cat multiw1.c
/*  As usual let's get our definitions sorted
first.  */

#include

#include

#include


int main()
{
    WINDOW *new_window_ptr;
    WINDOW *popup_window_ptr;
    int x_loop;
    int y_loop;
    char a_letter = 'a';

    initscr();

/*  Then we fill the base window with characters,
    refreshing the actual screen once the
logical screen has been filled:
    move(5, 5);
    printw("%s", "Testing
multiple windows");
    refresh();

    for (x_loop = 0; x_loop
        for (y_loop = 0; y_loop
            mvwaddch(stdscr, y_loop, x_loop,
a_letter);
            a_letter++;
            if (a_letter > 'z') a_letter =
'a';
        }
    }

    refresh();
    sleep(2);

/*  Now we create a new 10x20 window
    and add some text to it before drawing it
on the screen.  */

    new_window_ptr = newwin(10, 20, 5, 5);
    mvwprintw(new_window_ptr, 2, 2,
"%s", "Hello World");
    mvwprintw(new_window_ptr, 5, 2,
"%s",
              "Notice how very long lines
wrap inside the window");

    wrefresh(new_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);

/*  We now change the contents of the background
window and, when we
refresh the screen, the
window pointed to by new_window_ptr is obscured.  */

   a_letter = '0';
     for (x_loop = 0; x_loop
        for (y_loop = 0; y_loop
            mvwaddch(stdscr, y_loop, x_loop,
a_letter);
            a_letter++;
            if (a_letter > '9') a_letter =
'0';
        }
    }

    refresh();
    sleep(2);

/*  If we make a call to refresh the new window,
nothing will change,
    because we haven't changed the new
window.  */

    wrefresh(new_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);

/*  But if we touch the window first
    and trick curses into thinking that the
window has been changed.
    The next call to wrefresh will bring the
new window to the front again.  */

    touchwin(new_window_ptr);
    wrefresh(new_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);

/*  Next, we add another overlapping window with
a box around it.  */

    popup_window_ptr = newwin(10, 20, 8, 8);
    box(popup_window_ptr, '|', '-');
    mvwprintw(popup_window_ptr, 5, 2,
"%s", "Pop Up Window!");
    wrefresh(popup_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);

/*  Then we fiddle with the new and pop-up
windows before clearing and deleting them.
*/

    touchwin(new_window_ptr);
    wrefresh(new_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);

    wclear(new_window_ptr);
    wrefresh(new_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);
   
    delwin(new_window_ptr);

    touchwin(popup_window_ptr);
    wrefresh(popup_window_ptr);
    sleep(2);
   
    delwin(popup_window_ptr);
   
    touchwin(stdscr);
    refresh();
    sleep(2);

    endwin();
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

＊   
自定义屏幕刷新

一般用于网络较慢的情况：
#include
int wnoutrefresh(WINDOW *window_ptr);
int doupdate(void);

               
               
               

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