用Centos5搭建RHEL4的使用的yum服务器

benxiong

最近公司要做一个内部的软件升级系统。由于现有架上服务器操作系统基本都是RedHat AS4 update2或者RedHat AS4 update4，而使用rhn来升级不太符合公司现状，考虑到CentOS和Redhat的兼容性相当的好，所以打算建立一个yum服务器，为架上服务器提供CentOS 4.7的源（写这篇文章时4.7是版本4里最新的），来升级陈旧的软件。我们选择了当前最新的centos5.2来架设yum服务器。下面是我的步骤，写下来，念想，：）   

benxiong
2008-11-04


一、yum服务器

1.环境

OS：  CentOS5.2
IP：  192.168.254.128

2.需要安装的软件包

安装完操作系统后，默认已经安装如下的包：
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-2.el5
yum-updatesd-0.9-2.el5
yum-3.2.8-9.el5.centos.1

为了搭建服务器，我们还需要安装如下两个包：
createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5    (iso镜象文件里有)
yum-arch-2.2.2-2.el5.noarch.rpm             它的下载地址如下：
http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/4852179/com/yum-arch-2.2.2-2.el5.noarch.rpm.html
        
使用#rpm -Uvh *.rpm 来安装。

3.配置httpd，并创建目录

安装操作系统时，选择安装http的包。由于我们是内部使用，所以采用默认配置即可，这里只需要启动httpd服务，并配置成开机自启动即可，命令如下：
#service httpd start
#chkconfig --level 345 httpd on

接下来，我们创建用于存放rpm包的目录，命令如下:
[root@glzc1 html]# mkdir -p yum/centos/4/os/i386
[root@glzc1 html]# mkdir -p yum/centos/4/updates/i386
[root@glzc1 html]# mkdir -p yum/centos/4/extras/i386

4.下载最新的CentOS 4.7的包

这里使用wget将mirror.be10.com源上的rpm包抓了下来，大概4.4G，比较耗时，命令如下：
wget -r -c -nH --cut-dirs=5 http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/extras/i386/RPMS/  /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/extras/i386/
wget -r -c -nH --cut-dirs=6
http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/
  /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/os/i386/
wget -r -c -nH --cut-dirs=5 http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/updates/i386/RPMS/  /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/updates/i386/

下载完成后，我们可以看到相应的i386目录下都是rpm包，当然还有一些无用的index.html文件，可以到相应目录下删除，命令如下：
#rm -f index.html*

注：细心的朋友可能发现，我们要建立centos4.7的源，怎么下载路径里是4呢? 这是因为目录4总是和版本4里最新的版本目录建立连接，你可以发现此时4和4.7是一样的，^_^


5.下载RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4，并将其放入i386目录下

[root@glzc1 i386]# pwd
/var/www/html/yum/centos/4/os/i386
[root@glzc1 i386]# wget http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4
[root@glzc1 i386]# cp RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  ../../extras/i386/
[root@glzc1 i386]# cp RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  ../../updates/i386/

6.RPM分析，会在目录下产生 heaers 目录

# yum-arch /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/os/i386
# yum-arch /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/updates/i386
# yum-arch /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/extras/i386

7.createrepo生成 XML metadata，会在相应目录下创建repodata目录

# createrepo /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/os/i386
# createrepo /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/updates/i386
# createrepo /var/www/html/yum/centos/4/extras/i386

ok，我们yum服务器的设置就完成了。



二、yum客户端

1.安装yum包
我们这里的架上服务器都是RadHat AS4 U2或U4的，所以要在其上安装yum。需要的软件包如下：
centos-yumconf-4-4.5.noarch.rpm
python-elementtree-1.2.6-5.el4.centos.i386.rpm
python-sqlite-1.1.7-1.2.1.i386.rpm
python-urlgrabber-2.9.8-2.noarch.rpm
sqlite-3.3.6-2.i386.rpm
yum-2.4.3-4.el4.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.0-8.el4.centos.i386.rpm

centos-yumconf-4-4.5.noarch.rpm的下载地址为：
http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/2665731/com/centos-yumconf-4-4.5.noarch.rpm.html

其它的包都可以到下面找到：
http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS

使用#rpm -Uvh *.rpm 安装

2.将原先的centos库去除并添加AS4库

[root@yumclient ~]#rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@yumclient ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/as4-update.repo           ＃添加如下内容
[base]
name=Red Hat Enterprise As release 4 base
baseurl=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/os/i386/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4
[update]
name=Red Hat Enterprise As release 4 updates
baseurl=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/updates/i386/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/updates/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4
[extras]
name=Red Hat Enterprise As release 4 extras
baseurl=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/extras/i386/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/extras/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4

好了，至此yum已经可以使用了。

3.验证
我们使用yum来安装firefox来验证一下，：）
[root@yumclient yum.repos.d]# yum install firefox
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for firefox to pack into transaction set.
firefox-3.0.2-3.el4.cento 100% |=========================|  75 kB    00:00     
---> Package firefox.i386 0:3.0.2-3.el4.centos set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-pango for package: firefox
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-gtk2 for package: firefox
--> Processing Dependency: nss >= 3.11.99.5 for package: firefox
--> Processing Dependency: nspr >= 4.7.0.99.2 for package: firefox
--> Processing Dependency: libnssutil3.so for package: firefox
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-cairo for package: firefox
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for evolution28-gtk2 to pack into transaction set.
evolution28-gtk2-2.10.4-2 100% |=========================|  61 kB    00:00     
---> Package evolution28-gtk2.i386 0:2.10.4-22.el4 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for evolution28-cairo to pack into transaction set.
evolution28-cairo-1.2.4-6 100% |=========================| 9.0 kB    00:00     
---> Package evolution28-cairo.i386 0:1.2.4-6.el4 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for evolution28-pango to pack into transaction set.
evolution28-pango-1.14.9- 100% |=========================|  20 kB    00:00     
---> Package evolution28-pango.i386 0:1.14.9-7.el4 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for nss to pack into transaction set.
nss-3.12.1.1-1.el4.centos 100% |=========================| 8.1 kB    00:00     
---> Package nss.i386 0:3.12.1.1-1.el4.centos set to be updated
---> Downloading header for nspr to pack into transaction set.
nspr-4.7.1-1.el4.i386.rpm 100% |=========================| 3.1 kB    00:00     
---> Package nspr.i386 0:4.7.1-1.el4 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-atk >= 1.9.0-1 for package: evolution28-gtk2
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-glib2 >= 2.12.0-1 for package: evolution28-gtk2
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-glib2 for package: evolution28-pango
--> Processing Dependency: evolution28-glib2 >= 2.12.0-1 for package: evolution28-pango
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for evolution28-atk to pack into transaction set.
evolution28-atk-1.12.2-4. 100% |=========================|  18 kB    00:00     
---> Package evolution28-atk.i386 0:1.12.2-4.el4 set to be updated
---> Downloading header for evolution28-glib2 to pack into transaction set.
evolution28-glib2-2.12.3- 100% |=========================|  25 kB    00:00     
---> Package evolution28-glib2.i386 0:2.12.3-6.el4 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
firefox                 i386       3.0.2-3.el4.centos  update             19 M
Installing for dependencies:
evolution28-atk         i386       1.12.2-4.el4     base              217 k
evolution28-cairo       i386       1.2.4-6.el4      base              358 k
evolution28-glib2       i386       2.12.3-6.el4     base              631 k
evolution28-gtk2        i386       2.10.4-22.el4    update            6.4 M
evolution28-pango       i386       1.14.9-7.el4     base              306 k
nspr                    i386       4.7.1-1.el4      update            101 k
nss                     i386       3.12.1.1-1.el4.centos  update            974 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install      8 Package(s)         
Update       0 Package(s)         
Remove       0 Package(s)         
Total download size: 28 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/8): evolution28-atk-1. 100% |=========================| 217 kB    00:00     
(2/8): evolution28-glib2- 100% |=========================| 631 kB    00:00     
(3/8): evolution28-gtk2-2 100% |=========================| 6.4 MB    00:00     
(4/8): evolution28-cairo- 100% |=========================| 358 kB    00:00     
(5/8): evolution28-pango- 100% |=========================| 306 kB    00:00     
(6/8): firefox-3.0.2-3.el 100% |=========================|  19 MB    00:01     
(7/8): nss-3.12.1.1-1.el4 100% |=========================| 974 kB    00:00     
(8/8): nspr-4.7.1-1.el4.i 100% |=========================| 101 kB    00:00     
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 443e1821
Public key for evolution28-atk-1.12.2-4.el4.i386.rpm is not installed
Retrieving GPG key from
http://192.168.254.128/yum/centos/4/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4
Importing GPG key 0x443E1821 "CentOS-4 key "
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing: nspr                         ####################### [ 1/10]
  Installing: evolution28-cairo            ####################### [ 2/10]
  Installing: evolution28-glib2            ####################### [ 3/10]
  Installing: evolution28-pango            ####################### [ 4/10]
  Installing: nss                          ####################### [ 5/10]
  Installing: evolution28-atk              ####################### [ 6/10]
  Installing: evolution28-gtk2             ####################### [ 7/10]
  Installing: firefox                      ####################### [ 8/10]
  Removing  : seamonkey-nss                ####################### [ 9/10]
  Removing  : seamonkey-nspr               ####################### [10/10]
Installed: firefox.i386 0:3.0.2-3.el4.centos
Dependency Installed: evolution28-atk.i386 0:1.12.2-4.el4 evolution28-cairo.i386 0:1.2.4-6.el4 evolution28-
glib2.i386 0:2.12.3-6.el4 evolution28-gtk2.i386 0:2.10.4-22.el4 evolution28-pango.i386 0:1.14.9-7.el4 nspr.i386
0:4.7.1-1.el4 nss.i386 0:3.12.1.1-1.el4.centos
Complete!



本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/22677/showart_1359834.html