apache+tomcat负载均衡

听老歌

apache+tomcat负载均衡

3台服务器centos5.3  32bit
192.168.1.244（apache）  192.168.1.242（tomcat）  192.168.1.247（tomcat），每台tomcat分别安装建立2个普通用户每个用户跑一个tomcat实例。
安装环境说明：
apache服务器这里安装了 LAMP+tomcat+jdk+tomcat-connectors-1.2.30-src.tar.gz（native）
tomcat服务器只需要安装jdk和tomcat

1. yum -y install httpd httpd-devel php mysql mysql-server php-mysql zlib gd freetype libpng jpeg freetype-devel libpng-devel php-mysql mysql-php php-
   
2. pdo openssl gcc glib  auto make mod_auth_mysql php-mcrypt php-gd php-xml php-mbstring php-ldap php-pear php-xmlrpc mysql-connector-odbc mysql-devel
   
3. libdbi-dbd-mysql mod_ssl mod_perl mod_auth_mysql php-gd php-xml php-mbstring php-ldap php-pear php-xmlrpc  mysql-connector-odbc mysql-devel libdbi-
   
4. dbd-mysql
   
5. 再安装jdk-6u22-linux-i586.bin
   
6. mkdir /usr/local/java
   
7. ./jdk-6u22-linux-i586.bin
   
8. 配置环境：
   
9. vi /etc/profile
   
10. JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.6.0_22
    
11. JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
    
12. PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
    
13. CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/jt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
    
14. export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH
    
15. 保存退出
    
16. 再source  /etc/profile  使环境配置生效。
    
17. [root@localhost ~]# java -version
    
18. java version "1.6.0_22"
    
19. Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_22-b04)
    
20. Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 17.1-b03, mixed mode, sharing)
    
21. 开始配置apache
    
22. 编辑httpd.conf:
    
23. LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
    
24. JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
    
25. JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
    
26. # Set the jk log level [debug/error/info]
    
27. JkLogLevel error
    
28. # Select the log format
    
29. JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] "
    
30. # JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE,
    
31. #JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories
    
32. #JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompatUnparsed -ForwardDirectories
    
33. JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURIEscaped -ForwardDirectories
    
34. #JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat +ForwardURIEscaped +ForwardDirectories +ForwardLocalAddress
    
35. # JkRequestLogFormat set the request format
    
36. JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
    
37. DirectoryIndex index.jsp index.php index.html index.html.var
    
38. AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    
39. 
    
40. [root@localhost conf]# pwd
    
41. /etc/httpd/conf
    
42. [root@localhost conf]# cat workers.properties
    
43. worker.list=loadbalancer
    
44. # Define the first node...
    
45. #####1#####
    
46. worker.tomcat1.port=8002
    
47. worker.tomcat1.host=192.168.1.242
    
48. worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
    
49. worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
    
50. worker.tomcat1.redirect=tomcat1
    
51. worker.tomcat1.local_worker=1
    
52. worker.tomcat1.cachesize=100
    
53. #####2######
    
54. worker.tomcat2.port=7009
    
55. worker.tomcat2.host=192.168.1.242
    
56. worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
    
57. worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
    
58. worker.tomcat2.redirect=tomcat2
    
59. worker.tomcat2.local_worker=1
    
60. worker.tomcat2.cachesize=100
    
61. #####3#######
    
62. worker.tomcat3.port=8002
    
63. worker.tomcat3.host=192.168.1.247
    
64. worker.tomcat3.type=ajp13
    
65. worker.tomcat3.lbfactor=1
    
66. worker.tomcat3.redirect=tomcat3
    
67. worker.tomcat3.local_worker=1
    
68. worker.tomcat3.cachesize=100
    
69. ######4###########
    
70. worker.tomcat4.port=7009
    
71. worker.tomcat4.host=192.168.1.247
    
72. worker.tomcat4.type=ajp13
    
73. worker.tomcat4.lbfactor=1
    
74. worker.tomcat4.redirect=tomcat4
    
75. worker.tomcat4.local_worker=1
    
76. worker.tomcat4.cachesize=100
    
77. # Now we define the load-balancing behaviour
    
78. worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
    
79. worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2,tomcat3,tomcat4
    
80. worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=1
    
81. [root@localhost conf]#
    
82. [root@localhost conf]# ls
    
83. httpd.conf  magic  workers.properties
    
84. [root@localhost conf]# cd ..
    
85. [root@localhost httpd]# cd conf.d/
    
86. [root@localhost conf.d]# ls
    
87. auth_mysql.conf    jk_mount.conf    perl.conf  proxy_ajp.conf  ssl.conf
    
88. httpd-vhosts.conf  jk_unmount.conf  php.conf   README          welcome.conf
    
89. [root@localhost conf.d]# cat jk_mount.conf
    
90. JkMount /WEB-INF/* loadbalancer
    
91. JkMount /*.jsp loadbalancer
    
92. [root@localhost conf.d]# cat jk_unmount.conf
    
93. JkUnMount /images/* loadbalancer  
    
94. JkUnMount /css/* loadbalancer  
    
95. JkUnMount /js/* loadbalancer  
    
96. JkUnMount /fckeditor/* loadbalancer
    
97. JkUnMount /asweb/* loadbalancer
    
98. JkUnMount /*.cgi loadbalancer
    
99. JkUnMount /*.html loadbalancer
    
100. [root@localhost conf.d]# cat proxy_ajp.conf
     
101. LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
     
102. #
     
103. # When loaded, the mod_proxy_ajp module adds support for
     
104. # proxying to an AJP/1.3 backend server (such as Tomcat).
     
105. # To proxy to an AJP backend, use the "ajp://" URI scheme;
     
106. # Tomcat is configured to listen on port 8009 for AJP requests
     
107. # by default.
     
108. #
     
109. #
     
110. # Uncomment the following lines to serve the ROOT webapp
     
111. # under the /tomcat/ location, and the jsp-examples webapp
     
112. # under the /examples/ location.
     
113. #
     
114. #ProxyPass /tomcat/ ajp://localhost:8009/
     
115. #ProxyPass /examples/ ajp://localhost:8009/jsp-examples/
     
116. 
     
117. [root@localhost conf.d]# cat httpd-vhosts.conf
     
118. <VirtualHost *:80>
     
119.     DocumentRoot /home/web1
     
120.     ServerName  www.dong.com
     
121. Include conf.d/jk_mount.conf
     
122. Include conf.d/jk_unmount.conf
     
123. <Directory "/home/web1">   
     
124.       Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks
     
125.       AllowOverride All
     
126.       Order allow,deny
     
127.       Allow from all
     
128. </Directory>
     
129. </VirtualHost>
     
130. [root@localhost conf.d]#
     
131. apache

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上的配置完成了。
下面就是tomcat服务器上的配置了。
开始tomcat的配置
jdk的安装配置上面已经讲过了。
下载apache-tomcat-7.0.16 分别复制2份，分别2个普通用户登录运行起来。
监听端口不同。
默认的配置即可使用。
也可以在server.xml里加

1. <Host name="www.dong.com" debug="0" appBase="webapps/ROOT"
   
2.        unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
   
3.         <Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger"
   
4.                  directory="logs"  prefix="localhost_log." suffix=".txt"
   
5.         timestamp="true"/>
   
6.            <Context path="" docBase="/home/java1/web" debug="0"
   
7.                            reloadable="true" crossContext="true">     
   
8.            </Context>
   
9.       </Host>

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详情见附件。
apache处理除了jsp之外的类型文件，jsp的类型文件交给后端的tomcat来处理，轮询机制。

还需要在程序的web.xml里面</web-app>前面加入以下这句话
<distributable/>
session同步到这里设置完毕