C11：NEW FEATURES

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(N1570)
— conditional (optional) features (including some that were previously mandatory)
— support for multiple threads of execution including an improved memory sequencing model, atomic objects, and thread-local storage (<stdatomic.h> and <threads.h>)
— additional floating-point characteristic macros (<float.h>)
— querying and specifying alignment of objects (<stdalign.h>, <stdlib.h>)
— Unicode characters and strings (<uchar.h>) (originally specified in ISO/IEC TR 19769:2004)
— type-generic expressions
— static assertions
— anonymous structures and unions
— no-return functions
— macros to create complex numbers (<complex.h>)
— support for opening files for exclusive access
— removed the gets function (<stdio.h>)
— added the aligned_alloc, at_quick_exit, and quick_exit functions (<stdlib.h>)
— (conditional) support for bounds-checking interfaces (originally specified in ISO/IEC TR 24731−1:2007)
— (conditional) support for analyzability

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conditional  features ：
atomic type ( <stdatomic.h> )
    Atomic types are a conditional feature that implementations need not support; see 6.10.8.3.
Analyzability (Annex L)
bounds-checking interfaces (Annex K)
support for multiple threads of execution( <threads.h> )
IEC 60559 floating-point arithmetic(annex F)
IEC 60559 compatible complex arithmetic(annex G)

previously mandatory
C11：
(6.2.5)Complex types are a conditional feature that implementations need not support; see 6.10.8.3.
(6.7.6.2)
Variable length arrays are a conditional feature that implementations need not support; see 6.10.8.3.

C99：
(6.7.2)The type specifier _Complex shall not be used if the implementation does not provide complex types.
Freestanding implementations are not required to provide complex types.

幻の上帝

N1750？……不是N1570？
WG14上官方文档最近才N1600多点。
2012-03        PostKona-2012 mailing        N1598-N1613

peijue

nnd 最近项目用vc6做的 标准什么的 听听就好了

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回复 3# 幻の上帝


    笔误。多谢指正

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回复 4# peijue


    确实有这种现实的矛盾。大概就是这个原因，C11才有那么多conditional feature。

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Contents：

• 6.2.8 Alignment of objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
• 6.7.5 Alignment specifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
• 6.7.10 Static assertions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
• 7.15 Alignment <stdalign.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
• 7.17 Atomics <stdatomic.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
• 7.17.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
• 7.17.2 Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
• 7.17.3 Order and consistency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
• 7.17.4 Fences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
• 7.17.5 Lock-free property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
• 7.17.6 Atomic integer types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
• 7.17.7 Operations on atomic types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
• 7.17.8 Atomic flag type and operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
• 7.23 _Noreturn <stdnoreturn.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
• 7.26 Threads <threads.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
• 7.26.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
• 7.26.2 Initialization functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
• 7.26.3 Condition variable functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
• 7.26.4 Mutex functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
• 7.26.5 Thread functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
• 7.26.6 Thread-specific storage functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
• 7.29.4.1 Wide string numeric conversion functions . . . . . 426
• 7.29.4.2 Wide string copying functions . . . . . . . . . . 430
• 7.29.4.3 Wide string concatenation functions . . . . . . . 432
• 7.29.4.4 Wide string comparison functions . . . . . . . . 433
• 7.29.4.5 Wide string search functions . . . . . . . . . . 435
• 7.29.4.6 Miscellaneous functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
• 7.29.6.1 Single-byte/wide character conversion functions . . . 441
• 7.29.6.2 Conversion state functions . . . . . . . . . . . 441
• 7.29.6.3 Restartable multibyte/wide character conversion
• functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442
• 7.29.6.4 Restartable multibyte/wide string conversion
• functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
• 7.30.2.1 Wide character classification functions . . . . . . 448
• 7.30.2.2 Extensible wide character classification
• functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
• 7.30.3.1 Wide character case mapping functions . . . . . . 453
• 7.30.3.2 Extensible wide character case mapping
• functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
• 7.31.4 Floating-point environment <fenv.h> . . . . . . . . . . 455
• 7.31.8 Atomics <stdatomic.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
• 7.31.14 Date and time <time.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
• 7.31.15 Threads <threads.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
• B.14 Alignment <stdalign.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
• B.16 Atomics <stdatomic.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
• B.22 _Noreturn <stdnoreturn.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
• B.25 Threads <threads.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
• B.27 Unicode utilities <uchar.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
• D.1 Ranges of characters allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
• D.2 Ranges of characters disallowed initially . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
• F.6 The return statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
• F.10.1 Trigonometric functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518
• F.10.2 Hyperbolic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
• F.10.3 Exponential and logarithmic functions . . . . . . . . . . 520
• F.10.4 Power and absolute value functions . . . . . . . . . . . 524
• F.10.5 Error and gamma functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
• F.10.6 Nearest integer functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
• F.10.7 Remainder functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
• F.10.8 Manipulation functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
• F.10.9 Maximum, minimum, and positive difference functions . . . 530
• F.10.10 Floating multiply-add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
• F.10.11 Comparison macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
• G.4.1 Imaginary types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
• G.4.2 Real and imaginary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
• G.4.3 Imaginary and complex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
• G.5.1 Multiplicative operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534
• G.5.2 Additive operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
• G.6.1 Trigonometric functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
• G.6.2 Hyperbolic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
• G.6.3 Exponential and logarithmic functions . . . . . . . . . . 543
• G.6.4 Power and absolute-value functions . . . . . . . . . . . 544
• Annex K (normative) Bounds-checking interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
• K.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
• K.2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
• K.3 Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
• K.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
• K.3.1.1 Standard headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
• K.3.1.2 Reserved identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584
• K.3.1.3 Use of errno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584
• K.3.1.4 Runtime-constraint violations . . . . . . . . . . 584
• K.3.2 Errors <errno.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
• K.3.3 Common definitions <stddef.h> . . . . . . . . . . . 585
• K.3.4 Integer types <stdint.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
• K.3.5 Input/output <stdio.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586
• K.3.5.1 Operations on files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586
• K.3.5.2 File access functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588
• K.3.5.3 Formatted input/output functions . . . . . . . . . 591
• K.3.5.4 Character input/output functions . . . . . . . . . 602
• K.3.6 General utilities <stdlib.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604
• K.3.6.1 Runtime-constraint handling . . . . . . . . . . 604
• K.3.6.2 Communication with the environment . . . . . . . 606
• K.3.6.3 Searching and sorting utilities . . . . . . . . . . 607
• K.3.6.4 Multibyte/wide character conversion functions . . . 610
• K.3.6.5 Multibyte/wide string conversion functions . . . . . 611
• K.3.7 String handling <string.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614
• K.3.7.1 Copying functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614
• K.3.7.2 Concatenation functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 617
• K.3.7.3 Search functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620
• K.3.7.4 Miscellaneous functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 621
• K.3.8 Date and time <time.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624
• K.3.8.1 Components of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624
• K.3.8.2 Time conversion functions . . . . . . . . . . . 624
• K.3.9 Extended multibyte and wide character utilities
• <wchar.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
• K.3.9.1 Formatted wide character input/output functions . . . 628
• K.3.9.2 General wide string utilities . . . . . . . . . . . 639
• K.3.9.3 Extended multibyte/wide character conversion
• utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647
• Annex L (normative) Analyzability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
• L.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
• L.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
• L.3 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653
  

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3.14
memory location
either an object of scalar type, or a maximal sequence of adjacent bit-fields all having nonzero width