请问shell能不能对使用正则匹配到的某组内容进行替换

Herowinter

回复 10# yestreenstars 这样可以吧，不算分组，只是指定替换第n个匹配。

1. echo "111:222:333:444:555:666:777:888:999:aaa:bbb:ccc"|sed -r 's/\w+/AAA/11'
   
2. 111:222:333:444:555:666:777:888:999:aaa:AAA:ccc

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limaoyuan

回复 8# Herowinter


    我来举个更具体一点的例子吧。

1. aaa:bbb=cccee=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=cccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=cccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb==ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb====ccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbbadsfaccc=adfddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg

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把匹配到bbb和一个等号或多个等号与后面第一个=号之间的值的前面加上XXX

希望的结果是下面这样
aaa:bbb=XXXcccee=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXcccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb==XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb====XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXcc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbbadsfaccc=adfddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXcc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg

limaoyuan

回复 11# Herowinter


    您 看下我12楼举的例子，还是得用正式匹配的复杂情况

limaoyuan

回复 10# yestreenstars


    您 看下我12楼举的例子，还是得用正式匹配的复杂情况

Herowinter

回复 13# limaoyuan
没看懂问题的关键在哪里？这么做哪里错了？

1. sed 's/bbb=/bbb=XXX/g' i
   
2. aaa:bbb=XXXcccee=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXcccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXcccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXX=ccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXX===ccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbbadsfaccc=adfddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg

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limaoyuan

回复 15# Herowinter


    bbb==XXXccc

这种两个等号的应该你的替换完了是 bbb=XXX=cc ，期望的是 bbb==XXXcc只能用正则的方式想想，我实际工作中的遇到的例子更复杂的规则。

yestreenstars

回复 11# Herowinter
我的意思是小括号捕获不支持9以上的分组，又没说没办法做~{:2_172:}

   

limaoyuan

回复 17# yestreenstars


    明白，能告诉我 2组的怎么替换吗？用正则指定匹配组的方式

Herowinter

回复 16# limaoyuan
等号个数不是问题呀。

1. sed -r 's/bbb=+/&XXX/g' i
   
2. aaa:bbb==XXXcccee=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb===XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXcccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXcccdd=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb==XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb====XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbbadsfaccc=adfddd=eee:fff-gggaaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg|aaa:bbb=XXXccc=ddd=eee:fff-ggg

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yestreenstars

回复 12# limaoyuan

1. sed -r 's/(bbb)=+/\1=XXX/'

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酱紫可以吗？