awk 列对齐求教

1cpuer

#--------# root /home/ixi/hi-p
# cat /etc/passwd | head -6 | awk -F ':' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if(i!=NF){sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%s ",$i)}else{sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%s\n",$i)}}'
root x 0 0 root /root /bin/bash
daemon x 1 1 daemon /usr/sbin /usr/sbin/nologin
bin x 2 2 bin /bin /usr/sbin/nologin
sys x 3 3 sys /dev /usr/sbin/nologin
sync x 4 65534 sync /bin /bin/sync
games x 5 60 games /usr/games /usr/sbin/nologin
#--------# root /home/ixi/hi-p
# cat /etc/passwd | head -6 | awk -F':' '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3}'
root    x    0
daemon    x    1
bin    x    2
sys    x    3
sync    x    4
games    x    5
#--------# root /home/ixi/hi-p
2条awk，第一条失败，
希望像第二条一样列对齐

waker

%18s

sunzhiguolu

1. #!/usr/bin/perl
   
2. use strict;
   
3. use warnings;
   
4. 
   
5. my (@aData, @aWidthList) = ((), ());
   
6. while (<DATA>){
   
7.     my @aT = split;
   
8.     foreach (0 .. $#aT){
   
9.         next if (length ($aT[$_]) <= ($aWidthList[$_] // 0));
   
10.         $aWidthList[$_] = length ($aT[$_]);
    
11.     }
    
12.     push (@aData, \@aT);
    
13. }
    
14. 
    
15. foreach my $ra (@aData){
    
16.     while (my ($n, $v) = each @{$ra}){
    
17.         printf ("%-$aWidthList[$n]s\t", $v);
    
18.     }
    
19.     print "\n";
    
20. }
    
21. 
    
22. __DATA__
    
23. root x 0 0 root /root /bin/bash
    
24. daemon x 1 1 daemon /usr/sbin /usr/sbin/nologin
    
25. bin x 2 2 bin /bin /usr/sbin/nologin
    
26. sys x 3 3 sys /dev /usr/sbin/nologin
    
27. sync x 4 65534 sync /bin /bin/sync
    
28. games x 5 60 games /usr/games /usr/sbin/nologin
    
29. #--------# root /home/ixi/hi-p
    

复制代码

应该是对齐了

1cpuer

回复 2# waker

# cat /etc/passwd | head -6 | awk -F ':' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if(i!=NF){sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%-12s ",$i)}else{sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%-12s\n",$i)}}'

Windows19

1. column -t

复制代码

1cpuer

cat /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if(i!=NF){sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%-18s ",$i)}else{sub(/:/,"[ \t]",$i);printf("%-18s\n",$i)}}' | column -t | nl