Oracle维护常用SQL语句

w200916-gmail 发表于 2011-12-23 01:15

1、查看表空间的名称及大小 select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name group by t.tablespace_name; 2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小 select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name; 3、查看回滚段名称及大小 select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status, (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, max_extents, v.curext CurExtent From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+) order by segment_name ; 4、查看控制文件 select name from v$controlfile; 5、查看日志文件 select member from v$logfile; 6、查看表空间的使用情况 select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name; SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE, (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE" FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME; 7、查看数据库库对象 select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status; 8、查看数据库的版本　 Select version FROM Product_component_version Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)=''Oracle''; 9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式 Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database; 10、捕捉运行很久的SQL column username format a12 column opname format a16 column progress format a8 select username,sid,opname, round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) 　　 ''%'' as progress, time_remaining,sql_text from v$session_longops , v$sql where time_remaining <> 0 and sql_address = address and sql_hash_value = hash_value / 11、查看数据表的参数信息 SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name, pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent, next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS, freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks, empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size, last_analyzed FROM dba_tab_partitions --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner ORDER BY partition_position 12、查看还没提交的事务 select * from v$locked_object; select * from v$transaction; 13、查找object为哪些进程所用 select p.spid, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num, s.username user_name, a.type object_type, s.osuser os_user_name, a.owner, a.object object_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command), ''Action Code #'' 　　 to_char(command) ) action, p.program oracle_process, s.terminal terminal, s.program program, s.status session_status from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p where s.paddr = p.addr and s.type = ''USER'' and a.sid = s.sid and a.object=''SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'' order by s.username, s.osuser 14、回滚段查看 select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs, v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes, sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs, v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum 15、耗资源的进程（top session） select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command), ''Action Code #'' 　　 to_char(command) ) action, status session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num, nvl(s.username, '''') user_name, s.terminal terminal, s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$processp where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number(''38'') and (''ALL'' = ''ALL'' or s.status = ''ALL'') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc 16、查看锁（lock）情况 select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name, decode(ls.type, ''RW'', ''Row wait enqueue lock'', ''TM'', ''DML enqueue lock'', ''TX'', ''Transaction enqueue lock'', ''UL'', ''User supplied lock'') lock_type, o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, ''Row Share'', 3, ''Row Exclusive'', 4, ''Share'', 5, ''Share Row Exclusive'', 6, ''Exclusive'', null) lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2 from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type, l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s, v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner <> ''SYS'' order by o.owner, o.object_name 17、查看等待（wait）情况 SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN (''db block gets'', ''consistent gets'') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count 18、查看sga情况 SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC 19、查看catched object SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace, type, sharable_mem, loads, executions, locks, pins, kept FROM v$db_object_cache 20、查看V$SQLAREA SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS, VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS, USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS, BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA 21、查看object分类数量 select decode (o.type#,1,''INDEX'' , 2,''TABLE'' , 3 , ''CLUSTER'' , 4, ''VIEW'' , 5 , ''SYNONYM'' , 6 , ''SEQUENCE'' , ''OTHER'' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,''INDEX'' , 2,''TABLE'' , 3 , ''CLUSTER'' , 4, ''VIEW'' , 5 , ''SYNONYM'' , 6 , ''SEQUENCE'' , ''OTHER'' ) union select ''COLUMN'' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select ''DB LINK'' , count(*) from 22、按用户查看object种类 select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes, sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL)) clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1, NULL)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1)) others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# = o.owner# and u.name <> ''PUBLIC'' group by u.name order by sys.link$ union select ''CONSTRAINT'' , count(*) from sys.con$ 23、有关connection的相关信息 1）查看有哪些用户连接 select s.osuser os_user_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command), ''Action Code #'' 　　 to_char(command) ) action, p.program oracle_process, status session_status, s.terminal terminal, s.program program, s.username user_name, s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter, '''' query, 0 memory, 0 max_memory, 0 cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num from v$session s, v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.type = ''USER'' order by s.username, s.osuser 2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况 select n.name, v.value, n.class, n.statistic# from v$statname n, v$sesstat v where v.sid = 71 and v.statistic# = n.statistic# order by n.class, n.statistic# 3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql select /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */ command_type, sql_text, sharable_mem, persistent_mem, runtime_mem, sorts, version_count, loaded_versions, open_versions, users_opening, executions, users_executing, loads, first_load_time, invalidations, parse_calls, disk_reads, buffer_gets, rows_processed, sysdate start_time, sysdate finish_time, ''>'' 　　 address sql_address, ''N'' status from v$sqlarea where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71) 24、查询表空间使用情况select a.tablespace_name "表空间名称", 100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "占用率(%)", round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(M)", round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空闲(M)", round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(M)", Largest "最大扩展段(M)", to_char(sysdate,''yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'') "采样时间" from (select f.tablespace_name, sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc, sum(decode(f.autoextensible,''YES'',f.maxbytes,''NO'',f.bytes)) maxbytes from dba_data_files f group by tablespace_name) a, (select f.tablespace_name, sum(f.bytes) bytes_free from dba_free_space f group by tablespace_name) b, (select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) Largest, ts.name tablespace_name from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts# group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name 25、查询表空间的碎片程度 select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name having count(tablespace_name)>10; 　　 alter tablespace name coalesce; alter table name deallocate unused; 　　 create or replace view ts_blocks_v as select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,''free space'' segment_name from dba_free_space union all select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents; 　　 select * from ts_blocks_v; 　　 select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;

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Oracle维护常用SQL语句