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在ZFS Root Pools 上安装Solaris 10 U6
[[color="SeaGreen"]本文选择性翻译自SUN官方文档：
Solaris 10 10/08 Release and Installation Collection
[color="red"] >> Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Basic Installations
>> 第三章： Installing With the Solaris Interactive Text Installer for ZFS Root Pools (Planning and Tasks)]
[color="DarkOrange"]本篇文章阐述了使用Solaris 10 U6 系统光盘引导主机，通过Solaris交互安装程序在ZFS Root Pool上安装Solaris 10 U6(10/08) 的方法。
[color="RoyalBlue"]ZFSRoot Pool Installation (Planning）
您可以通过使用Solaris 文本交换安装（向导）方式完成系统的初始化安装。这一过程包括创建1个ZFS存储池来容纳可引导的ZFS root pool。
注意：您不能使用标准的图形界面安装程序来安装 ZFS root pool.
Solaris 文本交换安装程序和之前的版本是类似的，差别在于您需要选择是安装到UFS (/)根文件系统还是ZFS 根（存储）池。
UFS任然是默认的选项，您必须选择ZFS选项来安装一个ZFS存储池。
如果您的系统上已经存在ZFS存储设备，他们会被无损得保留，除非你选择现存存储池中的硬盘来创建新的存储池。
若您想将已有的ZFS存储池作为ZFS 根文件系统，您必须使用 Solaris Live Upgrade 来转换您现存的UFS 根（/)文件系统为 ZFS 根池。
Solaris Live Upgrade 同时也提供了升级ZFS 根池升级工具。
更多信息请参见Solaris 10 10/08 安装手册（基本安装）的第12章：
Solaris Live Upgrade and ZFS (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning
.
和第6章
Planning a ZFS Root File System Installation, in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Planning for Installation and Upgrade
.
[color="DarkOrange"]通过文本交换方式完成初始安装-SPARC:
[color="Green"]//Solaris Interactive Text Installer for ZFS
以下介绍通过CD或DVD介质在单独的基于SPARC的系统上安装Solaris 10 U6 系统(with ZFS root pool)程序。
[color="Blue"]SPARC: 如何安装 ZFS 根池
[color="Red"]在开始之前，首先确认您的机器直接装有DVD-ROM或CD-ROM，
或者您可以通过网络使用其他主机上的光驱设备。（具体参见：[url=Installing or Upgrading Remotely
(Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based
Installations.
http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/820-5237/remotecd-2?l=en&a=view
[/url]
然后请确认您拥有一下系统安装介质：
通过DVD安装您需要： [color="Red"]Solaris Operating System for SPARC Platforms DVD
通过CD安装您需要： [color="Red"]Solaris Software CDs. Solaris Languages for SPARC Platforms CDs（非必须）
如果您需要保留现有系统上的数据或应用程序，请备份您的系统。
[color="Red"]备份UFS文件系统的方法请参见:[url=Backing Up and Restoring
UFS File Systems (Overview), in System Administration Guide: Devices
and File
Systems]http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/817-5093/bkupconcepts-57422?l=en&a=view[/url]
[color="Red"]备份ZFS文件系统的方法请参见：[url=Sending and Receiving ZFS
Data in Solaris ZFS Administration
Guide]http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/819-5461/gbchx?l=en&a=view[/url]
[color="Blue"]系统安装程序
1.在光驱中插入Solaris Operating System for SPARC Platforms DVD 或 Solaris Software for SPARC Platforms - 1 CD.
2.引导系统等待OK提示符出现
3.使用如下命令启动Solaris文本交换安装向导。
ok boot cdrom - text
text
通过指定text选项忽略默认的图像安装向导
如果系统不能找到一个织识别的键盘，将会出现下一个屏幕让您选择键盘布局类型
注– PS/2 键盘不是自识别的，所以您需要在安装过程中选择键盘布局类型.
[color="DimGray"]4.(Optional) Select the desired keyboardlayout from the following screen and press F2 to continue.
//选择键盘布局类型
Configure Keyboard Layout
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Please specify the keyboard layout from the list below. |
| |
| To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and |
| press Return to mark it [X]. |
| |
| Keyboard Layout |
| ----------------------- |
| [ ] Serbia-And Montenegro |
| [ ] Slovenian |
| [ ] Slovakian |
| [ ] Spanish |
| [ ] Swedish |
| [ ] Swiss-French |
| [ ] Swiss-German |
| [ ] Taiwanese |
| [ ] TurkishQ |
| [ ] TurkishF |
| [ ] UK-English |
| [ X] US-English |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5.(Optional) You might see a screen to select a language. Select the language you want to use during the installation,
and press F2.
//选择安装向导使用的语言
Select a Language
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Please specify the the language from the list below. |
| |
| To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and |
| press Return to mark it [X]. |
| |
| [ ] English |
| [ ] French |
| [ ] German |
| [ ] Italian |
| [ ] Japanese |
| [ ] Korean |
| [ ] Simplified Chinese |
| [ ] Spanish |
| [ ] Swedish |
| [ ] Traditional Chinese |
| [ ] UK-English |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
6.按F2 开始安装，根据提示完成系统环境检测和网络参数设置
在您回答完以上系统设定问题，并设定了root用户密码后将出现以下屏幕：
Solaris Interactive Installation
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|On the following screens, you can accept the defaults or you can customize |
| how Solaris software will be install by: |
| - Selecting the type of Solaris software to install |
| - Selecting disks to hold the software you've selected |
| - Selecting unbundled products to be installed with Solaris |
| - Specifying how file systems are laid out on the disks |
| |
|After completing these tasks, a summary of your selections |
|(called a profile) will be displayed. |
| |
|There are two ways to install your Solaris software: |
| |
| - "Standard" installs your system from a standard Solaris |
| Distribution. Selecting "standard" allows you to choose |
| between initial install and upgrade, if your system is upgradeable. |
| |
| - "Flash" installs your system from one or more Flash Archives. |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
7.决定是否希望系统在安装过程和结束后自动重新启动机器，按F2 选择自动重启
如果系统上已经存在ZFS存储池，系统将显示以下消息提示，并且会被保留，除非你选择已有池中的硬盘来创建新的存储池！
There are existing ZFS pools available on this system. However, they can only be upgraded
using the Live Upgrade tools. The following screens will only allow you to install a ZFS root system,
not upgrade one.然后屏幕显示License 信息！
8.按F2 接受License继续安装
然后可能会出现升级或初始安装选择屏幕。如果系统现存UFS文件系统，他们是不可升级的。
如果此屏幕没有显示，则直接调到第10步！
9 .为了完成基于ZFS 的安装，您必须选择F4 进行初始安装。
然后会出现设置地理位置、地区和附加产品的屏幕。
10.适当的选择您主机所在的地理位置、地区和附加产品（需要companionCD）
然后选择文件系统的屏幕会出现：
11.按F2 选择ZFS选项来创建ZFS 根池
Choose a Filesystem Type
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Select the filesystem to use for your Solaris installation |
| |
| [ ] UFS |
| [X] ZFS |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
随后软件包选择屏幕将出现。
12.选择您要安装的软件包组类型，然后按F2 继续。
请可以使用系统默认安装方式，使用系统默认值，或者进行自定义安装，下面的屏幕内容是一个示例，
其中 Entire Distribution 软件包组是系统默认的选项！
关于软件包组的详细信息，请参考
Disk Space Recommendations for Software Groups
.
Select Software
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Select the Solaris software to install on the system |
| |
|Note: After selecting a software group, you can add or remove |
|software by customizing it. However this requires understanding of |
|software dependencies and how Solaris software is packaged. |
| |
| [ ] Entire Distribution plus OEM support ......5838.00 MB |
| [X] Entire Distribution........................5830.00 MB |
| [ ] Developer System Support...................5695.00 MB |
| [ ] End User System Support....................4747.00 MB |
| [ ] Core System Support........................1558.00 MB |
| [ ] Reduced Networking Core System Support.....1512.00 MB |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
这里我们按F2继续，安装系统默认的软件包组。
接着，磁盘选择屏幕将会出现。
13.选择用于安装ZFS存储池的磁盘。除了一下信息，屏幕显示和之前的Solaris 版本是相似的。
For ZFS, multiple disks will be configured as mirrors, so the disk you choose,
or the slice within the disk must exceed the Suggested Minimum value.这时您可以选择用来创建ZFS根池的磁盘。
注意：
a 如果您选择一个单独的磁盘，并希望以后配置镜像，
请参见
Managing Devices in ZFS Storage Pools in Solaris ZFS Administration Guide
.中的zpool attach 命令。
b.如果您选择2个磁盘，你的根池（root pool)会被设置成两个磁盘的镜像配置。2到3块盘的镜像池是比较理想的设置。
[color="Red"]同志们注意啦，安装手册里这个简单的说明意味着：
[color="Red"]ZFS已经实现了从镜像池引导系统！这个信息很让人振奋啊！
c.如果您有8块并且您选择了所有8块盘，所有的8块盘将被root pool作为一个大的镜像池使用，这不是理想的设置。
目前，root池还不支持RAID-Z 类型的存储池配置。[color="Green"]//大家继续等待吧，相信很快会有高人突破这一技术障碍
Select Disks
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|On this screen you must select the disks for installing Solaris |
|software. Start by looking at the Suggested Minimum Field; |
|this value is the approximate space needed to install the software |
|you've selected. For ZFS, multiple disks will be configured as mirrors, |
|so the disk you choose on the slice within the disk must exceed |
|the Suggested Minimum Value. |
| |
| Note: xx denotes the current boot disk |
| |
|Disk Device Available Space |
|========================================================================== |
| |
|[X]xx c0t0d0 29164 MB (F4 to edit) |
| |
| Maximum Root Size: 29164 MB |
| Suggested Minimum: 5838 MB |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+选择玩root 池使用的磁盘后按下一步。
14 （选项）保留磁盘上已有的数据
如果你选择的磁盘包含文件系统或未标记的盘区，并且希望保留，您可以选择F4保留这些文件系统和盘区。
Preserve Data?
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Do you want to preserve existing data? At least one of the disks you've |
|selected for installing Solaris software has file systems or unnamed slices|
|that you may want to save |
| |
| |
| F2_Continue F4_Preserve F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+15（选项）选择要保留的数据
Preserve Data
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|On this screen you can perserve the data on some or all disk slices. Any |
|slice you preserve will not be touched when Solaris software is installed |
|If you preserve data on / (root), /usr, or /var you must rename them |
|because new versions of these file systems are created when Solaris |
|software is installed. |
| |
|Warning: Preserving an 'overlap' slice will not preserve any data within |
|it. To preserve this data, you must explicitly set the mount point name. |
| |
|Mount Point or Pool State Disk/Slice Size |
|========================================================================== |
|[ ] zfs: rpool Online c0t0d0s0 27133 MB |
|[ ]swap c0t1d0s1 2047 MB |
|[X]overlap c0t2d0s2 29188 MB |
| |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
随后会出现ZFS设置屏幕。
16 您可以使用默认的ZFS配置，或者改变ZFS 池的名称。数据集的名称，池的大小，swap和dump区的大小，
您还可以改变/var文件系统的创建和挂载属性。
Configure ZFS Settings
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- -+
|Specify the name of the pool to be created from the disk(s) you have chosen.|
|Also specify the name of the dataset to be created within the pool that is |
|to be used as the root directory for the filesystem. |
| |
| |
| ZFS Pool Name: rpool |
| ZFS Root Dataset Name: szboot_0507 |
| ZFS Pool Size in (MB): 17270 |
| Size of swap area in (MB): 1024 |
| Size of dump area in (MB): 1024 |
| (Pool size must be between 9472 MB and 17270 MB) |
| |
| [X] Keep / and /var combined |
| [ ] Put /var on a separate dataset |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------- --+
17.决定是否挂载远程文件系统
Mount Remote File System
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- -+
|Do you want to mount a software from a remote file server? This may |
|be necessary if you had to remove software because of disk space problems. |
| |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------- --+
18.系统显示安装概要检查屏幕，如果需要，您可以改变安装概要，以下是一个完整的安装概要屏幕信息示例：
Profile
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------- -+
|The information shown below is your profile for installing Solaris software.|
|It reflects the choices you've made on previous screens. |
| |
|============================================================================|
| |
| Installation Option: Initial |
| Boot Device: c1t2d0 |
| Root File System Type: ZFS |
| Client Services: None |
| |
| Regions: North America |
| System Locale: C ( C ) |
| |
| Software: Solaris 10, Entire Distribution |
| Pool Name: rpool |
| Boot Environment Name: szboot_0507 |
| Pool Size: 17270 MB |
| Devices in Pool: c1t2d0 |
| |
| |
| F2_Continue F6_Help |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------- --+
19.按F2继续，根据提示完成Solaris软件的安装。安装完成后系统会自动重启（之前您选择自动重启的话）
20.如果软件安装结束系统没有自动重启，使用reboot命令手动重启。
系统将会从您安装的ZFS root pool启动
21.安装完成后，检查ZFS存储池和文件系统信息，以下是一个示例：
ZFS root pool是一个特殊类型的池，它是无需管理的。
zfs list命令输出了构成root pool的要素（组件），例如rpool/ROOT默认条目，默认的rpool/ROOT 是用户不可访问的。
# zpool status
pool: rpool
state: ONLINE
scrub: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
rpool ONLINE 0 0 0
c1t2d0s0 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
rpool 6.83G 9.66G 62K /rpool
rpool/ROOT 5.82G 9.66G 18K legacy
rpool/ROOT/szboot_0507 5.82G 9.66G 5.82G
rpool/dump 512M 9.66G 512M -
rpool/swap 518M 9.66G 518M -
X86环境下的安装和SPARC下是类似的，和之前X86版本的安装几乎没有区别，
唯一的区别就是多了文件系统类型选择，强烈建议大家选择ZFS并使用2！3块盘的root pool.
本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/83288/showart_1385612.html |
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发表于 2008-11-07 04:55