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Data Operations

The Stack

Pushing constants onto the stack

Stack Manipulation

Local Variables

Push local

Pop stack into local var

Arrays

Creating arrays

Pushing array values

Storing values in arrays

Objects

Transformations

Arithmetic

Bit Operations

Type Conversions

Process Control

Transfer

Conditional Branching

Comparisons

Unconditional Branches

Tables

Methods

Miscellany

Data Operations
The Stack
Pushing constants onto the stack
bipush

Push a signed byte.
sipush

Push a signed word.
ldc

Push a single word constant.
ldc_w

Push a single word constant. (16-bit ref in constant pool)
ldc2_w

Push a double word constant.
aconst_null

Push the null object.
iconst_m1

Push integer -1.
iconst_n

Integers n = 0..5.
lconst_v

Longs v = 0..1.
fconst_v

Floats v = 0.0..2.0.
dconst_v

Doubles v = 0.0..1.0.
Stack Manipulation
nop

Do nothing.
pop

Pop the top word.
pop2

Pop the top two words.
dup

Duplicate the top word to place 2.
dup2

Duplicate the top two words.
dup_x1

Duplicate the top word to place 3.
dup2_x1

Duplicate the top two words to places 4 and 5.
dup_x2

Duplicate the top word to place 4.
dup2_x2

Duplicate the top two words to places 5 and 6.
swap

Swap the top two words.
Local Variables
Push local
aload

Load object from local variable n
aload_n

Load object from local variable n : n = 0..3
dload

Load double from local variable n
dload_n

Load double from local variable n : n = 0..3
fload

Load float from local variable n
fload_n

Load float from local variable n : n = 0..3
iload

Load integer from local variable n
iload_n

Load integer from local variable n : n = 0..3
lload

Load long from local variable n
lload_n

Load long from local variable n : n = 0..3
Pop stack into local var
astore

store object in local variable n
astore_n

store object in local variable n : n = 0..3
dstore

store double in local variable n
dstore_n

store double in local variable n : n = 0..3
fstore

store float in local variable n
fstore_n

store float in local variable n : n = 0..3
istore

store integer in local variable n
istore_n

store integer in local variable n : n = 0..3
lstore

store long in local variable n
lstore_n

store long in local variable n : n = 0..3
Arrays
Creating arrays
newarray

New array of primitive type
anewarray

New array of objects
multianewarray

New multidimensional array
Pushing array values
aaload

Push object from array.
baload

Push byte or boolean from array.
caload

Push char from array.
daload

Push double from array.
faload

Push float from array.
iaload

Push integer from array.
laload

Push long from array.
saload

Push short from array.
Storing values in arrays
aastore

Store object in array.
bastore

Store byte or boolean in array.
castore

Store char in array.
dastore

Store double in array.
fastore

Store float in array.
iastore

Store integer in array.
lastore

Store long in array.
sastore

Store short in array.
Objects
arraylength

Get length of array.
new

Allocate mem for object.
putfield

Store an instance variable.
getfield

Push an instance variable.
putstatic

Store a static object's variable.
getstatic

Push a static object's variable.
checkcast

Checks object type of stack top.
instanceof

Checks object's class.
Transformations
Arithmetic
iinc

Increment local var.
dadd

Add two doubles.
fadd

Add two floats.
iadd

Add two integers.
ladd

Add two longs.
dsub

Subtract two doubles.
fsub

Subtract two floats.
isub

Subtract two integers.
lsub

Subtract two longs.
dmul

Multiply two doubles.
fmul

Multiply two floats.
imul

Multiply two integers.
lmul

Multiply two longs.
ddiv

Divide two doubles.
fdiv

Divide two floats.
idiv

Divide two integers.
ldiv

Divide two longs.
drem

Take remainder of two doubles.
frem

Take remainder of two floats.
irem

Take remainder of two integers.
lrem

Take remainder of two longs.
dneg

Negate a double.
fneg

Negate a float.
ineg

Negate a integer.
lneg

Negate a long.
Bit Operations
ishl

shift integer left
ishr

shift integer right
iushr

shift integer right without regard to sign
lshl

shift long left
lshr

shift long righ
lushr

shift long right without regard to sign
iand

and two integers
land

and two longs
ior

or two integers
lor

or two longs
ixor

exclusive or two integers
lxor

exclusive or two longs
Type Conversions
i2l

integer to long
i2f

integer to float
i2d

integer to double
i2b

integer to byte
i2s

integer to short
i2c

integer to char
l2i

long to integer
l2f

long to float
l2d

long to double
f2i

float to integer
f2l

float to long
f2d

float to double
d2i

double to integer
d2l

double to long
d2f

double to float
Process Control
Transfer
Conditional Branching
ifeq

branch if equal
ifne

branch if not equal
iflt

branch if less than
ifle

branch if less than or equal
ifgt

branch if greater than
ifge

branch if greater than or equal
ifnull

branch if null
ifnonnull

branch if not null
if_icmpeq

branch if two ints are equal
if_icmpne

branch if two ints are not equal
if_icmplt

branch if int2 less than int1
if_icmple

branch if int2 less than or equal to int1
if_icmpgt

branch if int2 greater than int1
if_icmpge

branch if int2 greater than or equal to int1
if_acmpeq

branch if references are equal
if_acmpne

branch if references are uneqal
Comparisons
lcmp

compare two longs
fcmpl

compare two floats (-1 on NaN)
fcmpg

compare two floats (1 on NaN)
dcmpl

compare two doubles (-1 on NaN)
dcmpg

compare two doubles (1 on NaN)
Unconditional Branches
goto

go to label
goto_w

go to label (wide address)
jsr

jump to subroutine
jsr_w

jump to subroutine (wide address)
ret

return from subroutine
Tables
lookupswitch

case statement equivalent
tableswitch

branch by range of values
Methods
invokeinterface

call interface method
invokespecial

call method in a specific class
invokestatic

call a static method
invokevirtual

call any other method
ireturn

return from method with integer
lreturn

return from method with long
freturn

return from method with float
dreturn

return from method with double
areturn

return from method with object
return

return from method with nothing
Miscellany
athrow

throw exception
breakpoint

used for debugging
wide

used for 2-word address or value
monitorenter

begin sychronization
monitorexit

end sychronization Last modified: April 29, 1998
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