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本帖最后由 tacsoft 于 2010-10-31 12:18 编辑
这是Oracle 10g的标准文档有关启动的内容,我估计很多人翻译的不是Oracle标准文档,抛开文件的名字,你说的启动过程更像Linux启动时使用.bash_profile文件和profile的内容。哈哈
3 Starting Up and Shutting Down
Understanding Initialization Parameter Files
To start an instance, the database must read instance configuration parameters (the initialization parameters) from either a server parameter file (SPFILE) or a text initialization parameter file.
When you issue the SQL*Plus STARTUP command, the database attempts to read the initialization parameters from an SPFILE in a platform-specific default location. If it finds no SPFILE, it searches for a text initialization parameter file.
Note:
For UNIX or Linux, the platform-specific default location (directory) for the SPFILE and text initialization parameter file is:
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
For Windows NT and Windows 2000 the location is:
%ORACLE_HOME%\database
In the platform-specific default location, Oracle Database locates your initialization parameter file by examining filenames in the following order:
1.spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora
2.spfile.ora
3.init$ORACLE_SID.ora
The first two filenames represent SPFILEs and the third represents a text initialization parameter file.
Note:
The spfile.ora file is included in this search path because in a Real Application Clusters environment one server parameter file is used to store the initialization parameter settings for all instances. There is no instance-specific location for storing a server parameter file.
For more information about the server parameter file for a Real Application Clusters environment, see Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide.
If you (or the Database Configuration Assistant) created a server parameter file, but you want to override it with a text initialization parameter file, you can specify the PFILE clause of the STARTUP command to identify the initialization parameter file.
STARTUP PFILE = /u01/oracle/dbs/init.ora
Starting Up with a Non-Default Server Parameter File
A non-default server parameter file (SPFILE) is an SPFILE that is in a location other than the default location. It is not usually necessary to start an instance with a non-default SPFILE. However, should such a need arise, you can use the PFILE clause to start an instance with a non-default server parameter file as follows:
1.Create a one-line text initialization parameter file that contains only the SPFILE parameter. The value of the parameter is the non-default server parameter file location.
For example, create a text initialization parameter file /u01/oracle/dbs/spf_init.ora that contains only the following parameter:
SPFILE = /u01/oracle/dbs/test_spfile.ora
Note:
You cannot use the IFILE initialization parameter within a text initialization parameter file to point to a server parameter file. In this context, you must use the SPFILE initialization parameter.
2.Start up the instance pointing to this initialization parameter file.
STARTUP PFILE = /u01/oracle/dbs/spf_init.ora
The SPFILE must reside on the machine running the database server. Therefore, the preceding method also provides a means for a client machine to start a database that uses an SPFILE. It also eliminates the need for a client machine to maintain a client-side initialization parameter file. When the client machine reads the initialization parameter file containing the SPFILE parameter, it passes the value to the server where the specified SPFILE is read. |
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