Perl命令常用选项

xiaofei006

-e：告诉perl在其后的命令行里查找运行代码。当然只能用于输入一行代码执行，如果要运行的代码不止一行，参数就变了。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -e 'print "hello!\n";'
hello!
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-：告诉perl在其后的命令行里查找运行代码，直到遇到__END__为止。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -
print "hello\n";
print "world!";
__END__
hello
world!xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-c：用来检查脚本的语法而不执行它。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> cat t
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "hello";
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -c t
t syntax OK
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-h：帮助选项，用来打印perl的全部选项信息。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -h
Usage: perl [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]
  -0[octal]       specify record separator (\0, if no argument)
  -a              autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)
  -C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features
  -c              check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)
  -d[:debugger]   run program under debugger
  -D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)
  -e program      one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)
  -F/pattern/     split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)
  -i[extension]   edit  files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)
  -Idirectory     specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)
  -l[octal]       enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator
  -[mM][-]module  execute `use/no module...' before executing program
  -n              assume 'while () { ... }' loop around program
  -p              assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed
  -P              run program through C preprocessor before compilation
  -s              enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile
  -S              look for programfile using PATH environment variable
  -t              enable tainting warnings
  -T              enable tainting checks
  -u              dump core after parsing program
  -U              allow unsafe operations
  -v              print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)
  -V[:variable]   print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)
  -w              enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)
  -W              enable all warnings
  -x[directory]   strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory
  -X              disable all warnings
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-S：让perl使用PATH环境变量来搜索脚本。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> echo $PATH
/home/xk/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/bin:/usr/games:/opt/gnome/bin:/opt/kde3/bin
xiafoei@linux:~/work> cd ../bin/
xiafoei@linux:~/bin> ls
xiafoei@linux:~/bin> cat >test.pl #!/usr/bin/perl
> print "hello\n";
> eof
xiafoei@linux:~/bin> chmod a+x test.pl
xiafoei@linux:~/bin> cd ../work
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -S test.pl
hello
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-T：强制打开错误检查（数据安全性检查），经常用在CGI中。

-v：打印出perl的版本以及包的级别。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -v

This is perl, v5.8.6 built for i586-linux-thread-multi

Copyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'.  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-V：打印出perl的全部配置信息。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -V
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 8 subversion 6) configuration:
  Platform:
    osname=linux, osvers=2.6.9, archname=i586-linux-thread-multi
    uname='linux salieri 2.6.9 #1 smp fri jan 14 15:41:33 utc 2005 i686 athlon i386 gnulinux '
    config_args='-ds -e -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dinstallusrbinperl -Dusethreads -Di_db -Di_dbm -Di_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Duseshrplib=true -Doptimize=-O2 -march=i586 -mcpu=i686 -fmessage-length=0 -Wall -g -Wall -pipe'
    hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define
    usethreads=define use5005threads=undef useithreads=define usemultiplicity=define
    useperlio=define d_sfio=undef uselargefiles=define usesocks=undef
    use64bitint=undef use64bitall=undef uselongdouble=undef
    usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef
  Compiler:
    cc='cc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',
    optimize='-O2 -march=i586 -mcpu=i686 -fmessage-length=0 -Wall -g -Wall -pipe',
    cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe'
    ccversion='', gccversion='3.3.5 20050117 (prerelease) (SUSE Linux)', gccosandvers=''
    intsize=4, longsize=4, ptrsize=4, doublesize=8, byteorder=1234
    d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=12
    ivtype='long', ivsize=4, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8
    alignbytes=4, prototype=define
  Linker and Libraries:
    ld='cc', ldflags =''
    libpth=/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib
    libs=-lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
    perllibs=-lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
    libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so
    gnulibc_version='2.3.4'
  Dynamic Linking:
    dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,-E -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi/CORE'
    cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared'


Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):
  Compile-time options: DEBUGGING MULTIPLICITY USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
  Built under linux
  Compiled at Mar 19 2005 17:34:48
  @INC:
    /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi
    /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl
    .
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-V:name：打印出指定name的配置变量的配置信息。
xiafoei@linux:~/work> perl -V:osvers
osvers='2.6.9';
xiafoei@linux:~/work>
-w：显示警告信息。
[xiaofei@xiaofei]$ cat test.pl
#!/bin/perl
$text = "test";
$text += 1;
print $text;
[xiaofei@xiaofei]$ perl -w test.pl
Argument "test" isn't numeric in addition (+) at test.pl line 3.
1[xiaofei@xiaofei]$ perl test.pl
1[xiaofei@xiaofei]$


本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/88379/showart_2148625.html