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linux 分区操作试验
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一:试验环境
1.vmware虚拟机
2.linux9.0
3.设置两块硬盘
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二:试验步骤
1.在linux9.0中安装第二块硬盘;
2.使用fdisk工具对第二块硬盘分区;
3.格式化分区;
4.挂载分区到系统目录;
5.对挂载点进行存取;
6.卸载挂载点;
7.设置系统启动自动挂载分区;
=============
三:分区工具
1.fdisk使用
因为我使用的是两块scsi硬盘,故第二块硬盘被识别为sdb
查看sdb的分区情况,因为是新硬盘,所以没有任何分区信息;
[root@www root]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
2.对sdb硬盘进行分区操作
[root@www root]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition //删除分区;
l list known partition types
m print this menu //打印操作菜单;
n add a new partition //建立新分区;
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table //打印分区表;
q quit without saving changes //不保存分区表,推出;
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id //该表分区的id表示;
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit //保存分区表,推出;
x extra functionality (experts only)
3.建立主分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-522, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-522, default 522): +500M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux
4..创建扩展分区,最好将硬盘的所有剩余空间都作为扩展分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (63-522, default 63):
Using default value 63
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (63-522, default 522):
Using default value 522
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 63 522 3694950 5 Extended
5.创建逻辑分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (63-522, default 63):
Using default value 63
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (63-522, default 522): +500M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 63 522 3694950 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 63 124 497983+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
6.改变分区的系统代码
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 1c Hidden Win95 FA 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid
1 FAT12 1e Hidden Win95 FA 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot
2 XENIX root 24 NEC DOS 80 Old Minix c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 39 Plan 9 81 Minix / old Lin c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16
Hex code (type L to list codes):b
Changed system type of partition 5 to b (Win95 FAT32)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 63 522 3694950 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 63 124 497983+ b Win95 FAT32
7.创建逻辑分区sdb6,并将其转换为swap类型;
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 63 522 3694950 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 63 124 497983+ b Win95 FAT32
/dev/sdb6 125 186 497983+ 82 Linux swap
8.保存分区表信息;重启计算机;
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.
[root@www root]# reboot
==============
四:格式化分区
1.格式化linux类型文件系统;
[root@www root]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
124928 inodes, 497983 blocks
24899 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
61 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
2.格式化 vfat文件系统
[root@www root]# mkfs -t vfat /dev/sdb5
mkfs.vfat 2.8 (28 Feb 2001)
3.格式化swap文件系统;
[root@www root]# mkswap /dev/sdb6
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 509927 kB
================
五:挂载使用分区
[root@www root]# mkdir /mnt/sdb1
[root@www root]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1
[root@www root]# cd /mnt/sdb1
[root@www sdb1]# touch testfile
[root@www sdb1]# ll
总用量 12
drwx------ 2 root root 12288 10月 16 19:22 lost+found
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 10月 16 19:25 testfile
[root@www sdb1]# cd
[root@www root]# umount /mnt/sdb1
[root@www root]# ls /mnt/sdb1
==========================
六:让系统启动时自动挂载分区
[root@www root]# vi /etc/fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
none /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
/dev/sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom udf,iso9660 noauto,owner,kudzu,ro 0 0
/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,owner,kudzu 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 auto default 0 0
本文来自ChinaUnix博客,如果查看原文请点:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/84443/showart_1923254.html |
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