linux下的stat du df and devices

jimonitu

               
               
                df
   display overall disk utlilization information for mounted filesystems on directories.usually,directories are device file for partition.such as /dev/hda1.but using another file or directories are yields information on the partition that holds the file or directory.if directories are omitted,information for mounted filesystems on all devices in /etc/fstab are displayed
df -h   display results in a human-readable format.
df -i   display information on remaining inodes rather than the default disk space information
df -m
df .  quitely determine which partition the current working directory

stat
  display file or filesystem status. include the midify time, size,block counts, inode counts and so on.
  example: stat /usr
  
du
  display disk utilization information for directories .
   -a show all files,not just directories
   -c produce a grand total for all listed items
   -h display results in a human-readable format, include suffixes such as M(megabytes) and G(gigabytes)
   -s prints a summary for each of the directories specified,instead of totals for each subdirectory found recursively
   example:
   du /etc/rc.d
   du -s /etc
   
devices linux filesystems and the filesystem hierarchy standard
IDE hard disk
/dev/hda   the primary master disk
/dev/hdb   primary slave disk
/dev/hdc   secondary master disk
/dev/hdd   secondary slave
SCSI hard disk (have 15 devices on a single bus)
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
...........
a typical pc with a single hard disk on the primary IDE interface and a single CD_ROM on the second interface would have disk drive /dev/hda and CD_ROM /dev/hdc
on each disk in a pc, there may be between 1 and 16 partitions.1 to 12 logical partitions may be created. logical partition are numbered from 5 to 16. under this pc partitioning scheme. a maximum of 15 partitions with filesystems may exist on a single physical(3 primary plus 12 logical)


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