Archlinux 安装配置

smileoa

                                1。下载archlinux的ISO文件刻盘。从光盘启动，输入 #/arch/setup进入安装界面。
2。 分区，挂载，选择软件包，安装内核，安装启动管理器，这里不详细说明了，我选grub。
    我的/boot/grub/menu.lst如下：
  。。。。
# (0) Arch Linux
title  Arch Linux
root   (hd0,6)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/hda7 ro vga=773
initrd /boot/kernel26.img
#WINXP
title WINXP
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
chainloader +1
。。。。
3.修改/etc/rc.conf为下面内容：
#
# /etc/rc.conf - Main Configuration for Arch Linux
#
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCALIZATION
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# LOCALE: available languages can be listed with the 'locale -a' command
# HARDWARECLOCK: set to "UTC" or "localtime"
# TIMEZONE: timezones are found in /usr/share/zoneinfo
# KEYMAP: keymaps are found in /usr/share/kbd/keymaps
# CONSOLEFONT: found in /usr/share/kbd/consolefonts (only needed for non-US)
# CONSOLEMAP: found in /usr/share/kbd/unimaps
# USECOLOR: use ANSI color sequences in startup messages
#
LOCALE=zh_CN.UTF-8
HARDWARECLOCK="localtime"
TIMEZONE=Asia/Shanghai
KEYMAP=us
CONSOLEFONT=
CONSOLEMAP=
USECOLOR="yes"
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# HARDWARE
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Scan hardware and load required modules at bootup
MOD_AUTOLOAD="yes"
# Module Blacklist - modules in this list will never be loaded by hwdetect
MOD_BLACKLIST=()
#
# Modules to load at boot-up (in this order)
#   - prefix a module with a ! to disable it
#
MODULES=(!usbserial snd-pcm-oss snd-intel8x0 !scsi_mod usbnet sd_mod usb-storage)
# Scan for LVM volume groups at startup, required if you use LVM
USELVM="no"
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# NETWORKING
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
HOSTNAME="H2"
#
# Interfaces to start at boot-up (in this order)
# Declare each interface then list in INTERFACES
#   - prefix an entry in INTERFACES with a ! to disable it
#
# Note: to use DHCP, set your interface to be "dhcp" (eth0="dhcp")
#
lo="lo 127.0.0.1"
eth0="dhcp"
#eth0="eth0 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255"
INTERFACES=(lo eth0)
#
# Routes to start at boot-up (in this order)
# Declare each route then list in ROUTES
#   - prefix an entry in ROUTES with a ! to disable it
#
gateway="default gw 192.168.1.1"
ROUTES=(!gateway)
#
# Enable these network profiles at boot-up.  These are only useful
# if you happen to need multiple network configurations (ie, laptop users)
#   - set to 'menu' to present a menu during boot-up
#   - prefix an entry with a ! to disable it
#
# Network profiles are found in /etc/network-profiles
#
#NET_PROFILES=(main)
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# DAEMONS
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Daemons to start at boot-up (in this order)
#   - prefix a daemon with a ! to disable it
#   - prefix a daemon with a @ to start it up in the background
#
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng !hotplug !pcmcia !netfs network dbus !hplip !cups @crond @alsa @hal @samba !portmap !fam)
# End of fill
4.以root用户登录系统，切换目录到/etc，
rm -rf pacman.d #删除pacman.d 目录，我不需要里面的那些配置文件；
vi pacman.conf 修改成如下，
#
# /etc/pacman.conf
#
# NOTE: If you find a mirror that is geographically close to you, please
#       move it to the top of the server list, so pacman will choose it
#       first.
#
# To re-sort your mirror lists by ping/traceroute results, use the
# /usr/bin/sortmirrors script.  It requires the "netselect" package.
#
# See the pacman manpage for option directives
#
# GENERAL OPTIONS
#
[options]
LogFile     = /var/log/pacman.log
NoUpgrade   = etc/passwd etc/group etc/shadow etc/sudoers
NoUpgrade   = etc/fstab etc/raidtab etc/ld.so.conf
NoUpgrade   = etc/rc.conf etc/rc.local
NoUpgrade   = etc/modprobe.conf etc/modules.conf
NoUpgrade   = etc/lilo.conf boot/grub/menu.lst
HoldPkg     = pacman glibc
XferCommand = /usr/bin/wget --passive-ftp -c -O %o %u
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/proz %u
#
# REPOSITORIES
#   - can be defined here or included from another file
#   - pacman will search repositories in the order defined here.
#   - local/custom mirrors can be added here or in separate files
#
#[testing]
#Server = ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/testing/os/i686
#Server=http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/testing/os/i686
#[current]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
#Server = ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/current/os/i686
#Server=http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/current/os/i686
#Server=http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/current/os/i686
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/current
#[extra]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
#Server=http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/extra/os/i686
#Server=http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/extra/os/i686
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/extra
#[community]
#Server=http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/community/os/i686/
#[alcle]
#Server = http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/alcle/
#[archcn]
#Server=http://debian.okey.net/archlinux/archcn/
#[unstable]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/unstable
#[alcle]
#Server=ftp://cle.linux.org.tw/pub/ArchLinux/alcle
#[staging]
#Server=ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/tur/staging
#[community]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/community
# An example of a custom package repository.  See the pacman manpage for
# tips on creating your own repositories.
#[custom]
#Server = file:///home/custompkgs
#[testing]
#Server = http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ArchLinux/testing/os/i686/
#[current]
#Server = http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ArchLinux/current/os/i686/
#[extra]
#Server = http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ArchLinux/extra/os/i686/
#[community]
#Server = http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ArchLinux/community/os/i686/
#碧轩的服务器
[current]
Server = http://download.ourlinux.net:81/Linux/ArchLinux/current/os/i686
[extra]
Server = http://download.ourlinux.net:81/Linux/ArchLinux/extra/os/i686
#未知北方的
#[testing]
#Server = ftp://buaa-skate.3322.org/testing/os/i686
#[current]
#Server = ftp://buaa-skate.3322.org/current/os/i686
#[extra]
#Server = ftp://buaa-skate.3322.org/extra/os/i686
#[unstable]
#Server = ftp://buaa-skate.3322.org/unstable/os/i686
#[community]
#Server = ftp://buaa-skate.3322.org/community/os/i686
#[current]
#Server = http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/current/os/i686/
#[extra]
#Server = http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/extra/os/i686
#[testing]
#Server = http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/testing/os/i686
#[unstable]
#Server = http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/unstable/os/i686
#[current]
#Server = ftp://ftp.nethat.com/pub/linux/archlinux/current/os/i686
#[extra]
#Server = ftp://ftp.nethat.com/pub/linux/archlinux/extra/os/i686
#[testing]
#Server = ftp://ftp.nethat.com/pub/linux/archlinux/testing/os/i686
#[unstable]
#Server = ftp://ftp.nethat.com/pub/linux/archlinux/unstable/os/i686
#
#[current]
#Server = http://ftp.belnet.be/linux/archlinux/current/os/i686
#[extra]
#Server = http://ftp.belnet.be/linux/archlinux/extra/os/i686
#[testing]
#Server = http://ftp.belnet.be/linux/archlinux/testing/os/i686
5.使用pacman安装xorg fluxbox rxvt-unicode等；
更新数据库：pacman -Sy
更新pacman：pacman -S pacman
安装hwd: pacman -S hwd
安装xorg: pacman -S xorg
安装ati driver:pacman -S ati-fglrx-archck
安装中文字体：pacman -S ttf-fireflysung ttf-arphic-uming ttf-arphic-ukai
6.修改配置文件，下次启动时自动启动X并加载GDM；
hwd -x #生成/etc/X11/xorg.conf.hwd文件
cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.hwd /etc/X11/xorg.confaticonfig --initial --input=/etc/X11/xorg.conf #使用aticonfig自动配置xorg.conf
vi /etc/inittab#
# /etc/inittab
#
#  Runlevels:
#    0    Halt
#    1(S)        Single-user
#    2    Not used
#    3    Multi-user
#    4    Not used
#    5    X11
#    6    Reboot
id:5:initdefault:
rc::sysinit:/etc/rc.sysinit
rs:S1:wait:/etc/rc.single
rm:2345:wait:/etc/rc.multi
rh:06:wait:/etc/rc.shutdown
su:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin -p
c1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/1 linux
c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/2 linux
#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/3 linux
#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/4 linux
#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/5 linux
#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 vc/6 linux
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
x:5:respawn:/usr/bin/xdm -nodaemon
# End of file
7.安装声卡驱动，配置多音频流
pacman -S alsa-lib alsa-utils alsa-oss
hwd -u   #更新usb 、pci设备信息，否则可能找不到声卡
alsaconf #配置驱动
vi /etc/modprobe.conf
如有以下内容，请用"#"注释或删除，
# OSS Compatibility
# install snd-pcm modprobe -i snd-pcm ; modprobe snd-pcm-oss ; true
# install snd-seq modprobe -i snd-seq ; modprobe snd-seq-oss ; true
再看看是否有如下内容
# --- BEGIN: Generated by ALSACONF, do not edit. ---
# --- ALSACONF version 1.0.10 ---
alias snd-card-0 snd-intel8x0
alias sound-slot-0 snd-intel8x0
# --- END: Generated by ALSACONF, do not edit. ---
vi /etc/rc.conf ,在DAEMONS里加上alsa，否则启动后是静音的；
添加用户的时候需要将其加入audio组，否则会无法使用音频设备；
将以下内容保存为/etc/asound.conf，即可简单实现多音频流
pcm.card0 {
    type hw
    card 0
}
pcm.!default {
    type plug
    slave.pcm "dmixer"
}
pcm.dmixer {
    type dmix
    ipc_key 1025
    slave {
        pcm "hw:0,0"
        period_time 0
        period_size 1024
        buffer_size 8192
        periods 128
        rate 44100
    }
    bindings {
        0 0
        1 1
    }
}
8.添加中文输入法
pacman -S fcitx
vi .bash_profile
添加以下内容：
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
9.到此以配置一个带桌面环境的基本系统，需要其它工具软件的可通过pacman安装
如mozilla-firefox,lftp,openssh,bmp,mplayer,j2re,acroread,openoffice,xscreensaver,
gthumb,file-roller...
10.安装 文鼎字体
pacman -S ttf-fireflysung ttf-arphic-uming ttf-arphic-ukai
11.安装ttf-ms-fonts
pacman -S ttf-ms-fonts
12.修改/etc/fonts/local.conf如下：
     
         
         
             100
         
         
         
             180
         
         
         
             true
         
      
        
            t
        
        
            hintslight
        
        
            true
        
        
            false
        

               
                        zh-cn
                        zh-tw
                        ja
                        ko
               
               
                        8
               
               
                        16
               
               
                        false
               

                 
                        zh-tw
                        zh-cn
                        ja
                        ko
                 
                 
                        proportional
                 
                 
                false
                 
  
   
        AR PL New Sung
        AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni
        AR PL ZenKai Uni
   
   
        8
   
   
        12
   
   
        12
   

   
      serif
      
         Times New Roman
         Bitstream Vera Serif
         AR PL New Sung
         AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni
         AR PL ZenKai Uni
         WenQuanYi Bitmap Song
      
   
   
      sans-serif
      
         Tahoma
         Bitstream Vera Sans
         AR PL New Sung
         AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni
         AR PL ZenKai Uni
         WenQuanYi Bitmap Song
      
   
   
      monospace
      
         Bitstream Vera Sans Mono
         AR PL New Sung
         AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni
         AR PL ZenKai Uni
         WenQuanYi Bitmap Song
      
   
               
               
               
               
               
               
               

本文来自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文请点：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/30768/showart_237307.html