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[网络管理] linux下面架设ADSL服务器概叙 [复制链接]

huzhiwen

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发表于 2006-11-04 18:28 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

我使用linux作为上网共享服务器稳定运行1年了,基本是不管它,效果还可以,现在把我的架设方式描叙一下,给大家一个参考
机器是塞扬400,128M内存,无键盘,无显示器,两个网卡,安装好redhat linux后,在开机bios中电源管理中,设置为来电后自动启动(经常停电,无办法).
设置ADSL按照通常的方法,使用adsl-setup,设置好后,使用adsl-start启动adsl,然后在本机上是否连上,一般是没有问题的.
设置机器启动后自动启动adsl

rc.local文件设置如下

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
adsl-start #启动adsl
/root/firewall/firewall.sh #运行防火墙脚本

复制代码

防火墙脚本基本是采取iptables一样,但是自己根据需求小小改了一下

全文如下

#!/bin/sh
#
# rc.firewall - DHCP IP Firewall script for Linux 2.4.x and iptables
#
# Copyright (C) 2001 Oskar Andreasson <bluefluxATkoffeinDOTnet>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program or from the site that you downloaded it
# from; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
# Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
#
###########################################################################
#
# 1. Configuration options.
#
#
# 1.1 Internet Configuration.
#
EXT_IP=`ifconfig|sed '/^eth/,/^ppp0/d'|sed '/^ *UP/,/$d/d'|cut -d: -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1`
INET_IFACE="ppp0"
#
# 1.1.1 DHCP
#
#
# Information pertaining to DHCP over the Internet, if needed.
#
# Set DHCP variable to no if you don't get IP from DHCP. If you get DHCP
# over the Internet set this variable to yes, and set up the proper IP
# address for the DHCP server in the DHCP_SERVER variable.
#
DHCP="no"
#DHCP_SERVER="192.168.1.1"
#
# 1.1.2 PPPoE
#
# Configuration options pertaining to PPPoE.
#
# If you have problem with your PPPoE connection, such as large mails not
# getting through while small mail get through properly etc, you may set
# this option to "yes" which may fix the problem. This option will set a
# rule in the PREROUTING chain of the mangle table which will clamp
# (resize) all routed packets to PMTU (Path Maximum Transmit Unit).
#
# Note that it is better to set this up in the PPPoE package itself, since
# the PPPoE configuration option will give less overhead.
#
PPPOE_PMTU="no"
#
# 1.2 Local Area Network configuration.
#
# your LAN's IP range and localhost IP. /24 means to only use the first 24
# bits of the 32 bit IP address. the same as netmask 255.255.255.0
#
LAN_IP="192.168.1.1"
LAN_IP_RANGE="192.168.1.0/24"
LAN_BROADCAST_ADDRESS="192.168.1.255"
LAN_IFACE="eth0"
#
# 1.3 DMZ Configuration.
#
#
# 1.4 Localhost Configuration.
#
LO_IFACE="lo"
LO_IP="127.0.0.1"
#
# 1.5 IPTables Configuration.
#
IPTABLES="/sbin/iptables"
#
# 1.6 Other Configuration.
#
###########################################################################
#
# 2. Module loading.
#
#
# Needed to initially load modules
#
/sbin/depmod -a
#
# 2.1 Required modules
#
/sbin/modprobe ip_conntrack
/sbin/modprobe ip_tables
/sbin/modprobe iptable_filter
/sbin/modprobe iptable_mangle
/sbin/modprobe iptable_nat
/sbin/modprobe ipt_LOG
/sbin/modprobe ipt_limit
/sbin/modprobe ipt_MASQUERADE
#
# 2.2 Non-Required modules
#
#/sbin/modprobe ipt_owner
#/sbin/modprobe ipt_REJECT
/sbin/modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp
/sbin/modprobe ip_conntrack_irc
/sbin/modprobe ip_nat_ftp
/sbin/modprobe ip_nat_irc
###########################################################################
#
# 3. /proc set up.
#
#
# 3.1 Required proc configuration
#
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#
# 3.2 Non-Required proc configuration
#
#echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter
#echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/proxy_arp
#echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr
###########################################################################
#
# 4. rules set up.
#
######
# 4.1 Filter table
#
#
# 4.1.1 Set policies
#
$IPTABLES --flush
$IPTABLES -t nat --flush
$IPTABLES -t mangle --flush
$IPTABLES -X
$IPTABLES -P INPUT DROP
$IPTABLES -P OUTPUT DROP
$IPTABLES -P FORWARD DROP
#
# 4.1.2 Create userspecified chains
#
#
# Create chain for bad tcp packets
#
$IPTABLES -N bad_tcp_packets
#
# Create separate chains for ICMP, TCP and UDP to traverse
#
$IPTABLES -N allowed
$IPTABLES -N tcp_packets
$IPTABLES -N udp_packets
$IPTABLES -N icmp_packets
#
# 4.1.3 Create content in userspecified chains
#
#
# bad_tcp_packets chain
#
$IPTABLES -A bad_tcp_packets -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j LOG \
--log-prefix "New not syn:"
$IPTABLES -A bad_tcp_packets -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP
#
# allowed chain
#
$IPTABLES -A allowed -p TCP --syn -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A allowed -p TCP -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A allowed -p TCP -j DROP
#
# TCP rules
#
#disable ftp port
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 21 -j allowed
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 20 -j allowed
#this is port I use as ssh
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 9121 -j allowed
#disable http port
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 80 -j allowed
#disable pop3 port
#$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport pop3 -j allowed
#$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 113 -j allowed
#this is smtp port
#$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 25 -j allowed
#this is minadmin port
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 9122 -j allowed
#this is named domain
$IPTABLES -A tcp_packets -p TCP -s 0/0 --dport 53 -j allowed
#
# UDP ports
#
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --source-port 53 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
if [ $DHCP == "yes" ] ; then
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s $DHCP_SERVER --sport 67 \
--dport 68 -j ACCEPT
fi
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --source-port 53 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --source-port 123 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --source-port 2074 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -s 0/0 --source-port 4000 -j ACCEPT
#
# In Microsoft Networks you will be swamped by broadcasts. These lines
# will prevent them from showing up in the logs.
#
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -i $INET_IFACE \
--destination-port 135:139 -j DROP
#
# If we get DHCP requests from the Outside of our network, our logs will
# be swamped as well. This rule will block them from getting logged.
#
$IPTABLES -A udp_packets -p UDP -i $INET_IFACE -d 255.255.255.255 \
--destination-port 67:68 -j DROP
#
# ICMP rules
#
$IPTABLES -A icmp_packets -p ICMP -s 0/0 --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A icmp_packets -p ICMP -s 0/0 --icmp-type 11 -j ACCEPT
#
# 4.1.4 INPUT chain
#
#
# Bad TCP packets we don't want.
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp -j bad_tcp_packets
#
# Rules for special networks not part of the Internet
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ALL -i $LAN_IFACE -s $LAN_IP_RANGE -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ALL -i $LO_IFACE -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ALL -i $LAN_IFACE -d $LAN_BROADCAST_ADDRESS -j ACCEPT
#
# Special rule for DHCP requests from LAN, which are not caught properly
# otherwise.
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p UDP -i $LAN_IFACE --dport 67 --sport 68 -j ACCEPT
#$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p UDP -i $LAN_IFACE2 --dport 67 --sport 68 -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p UDP -s 0.0.0.0 --sport 68 -d 255.255.255.255 --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
#
# Rules for incoming packets from the internet.
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ALL -i $INET_IFACE -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED \
-j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p TCP -i $INET_IFACE -j tcp_packets
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p UDP -i $INET_IFACE -j udp_packets
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ICMP -i $INET_IFACE -j icmp_packets
#
# If you have a Microsoft Network on the outside of your firewall, you may
# also get flooded by Multicasts. We drop them so we do not get flooded by
# logs
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -i $INET_IFACE -d 224.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
#
# Log weird packets that don't match the above.
#
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -m limit --limit 3/minute --limit-burst 3 -j LOG \
--log-level DEBUG --log-prefix "IPT INPUT packet died: "
#
# 4.1.5 FORWARD chain
#
#
# Bad TCP packets we don't want
#
#list=`cat /root/firewall/blackdomain.txt`
#for domain in $list
#do
#$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $domain -j DROP
#done
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p tcp -j bad_tcp_packets
#
# Accept the packets we actually want to forward
#
#a type user,100 packages/s
list=`cat /root/firewall/a.txt`
for ip in $list
do
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -m limit --limit 100/s -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -j DROP
done
#b type user,40 packages/s
list=`cat /root/firewall/b.txt`
for ip in $list
do
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -m limit --limit 60/s -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -j DROP
done
#c type user,20 packages/s
list=`cat /root/firewall/c.txt`
for ip in $list
do
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -m limit --limit 20/s -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $ip/32 -j DROP
done
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
#
# Log weird packets that don't match the above.
#
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -m limit --limit 3/minute --limit-burst 3 -j LOG \
--log-level DEBUG --log-prefix "IPT FORWARD packet died: "
#
# 4.1.6 OUTPUT chain
#
#
# Bad TCP packets we don't want.
#
$IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p tcp -j bad_tcp_packets
#
# Special OUTPUT rules to decide which IP's to allow.
#
$IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p ALL -s $LO_IP -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p ALL -s $LAN_IP -j ACCEPT
$IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p ALL -o $INET_IFACE -j ACCEPT
#
# Log weird packets that don't match the above.
#
$IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m limit --limit 3/minute --limit-burst 3 -j LOG \
--log-level DEBUG --log-prefix "IPT OUTPUT packet died: "
######
# 4.2 nat table
#
#flush the nat tables first
iptables --table nat --flush
#
# 4.2.1 Set policies
#
#
# 4.2.2 Create user specified chains
#
#
# 4.2.3 Create content in user specified chains
#
#
# 4.2.4 PREROUTING chain
#
# $IPTABLES -A PREROUTING -t nat -p tcp --dport 80 -d $EXT_IP -i ppp0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.251:80
# $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 80 -d 192.168.0.251 -i ppp0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
# $IPTABLES -A PREROUTING -t nat -p tcp --dport 1600 -d $EXT_IP2 -i ppp1 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.251:80
# $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 1600 -d 192.168.0.251 -i ppp1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
# $IPTABLES -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.251 -j SNAT --to $EXT_IP
#
# 4.2.5 POSTROUTING chain
#
if [ $PPPOE_PMTU == "yes" ] ; then
$IPTABLES -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN \
-j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu
fi
#$IPTABLES -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $INET_IFACE -j MASQUERADE
list=`cat /root/firewall/a.txt`
for ip in $list
do
iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING -s $ip/32 --out-interface ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
done
list=`cat /root/firewall/b.txt`
for ip in $list
do
iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING -s $ip/32 --out-interface ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
done
list=`cat /root/firewall/c.txt`
for ip in $list
do
iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING -s $ip/32 --out-interface ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
done
#
# 4.2.6 OUTPUT chain
#
######
# 4.3 mangle table
#
#
# 4.3.1 Set policies
#
#
# 4.3.2 Create user specified chains
#
#
# 4.3.3 Create content in user specified chains
#
#
# 4.3.4 PREROUTING chain
#
#
# 4.3.5 INPUT chain
#
#
# 4.3.6 FORWARD chain
#
#
# 4.3.7 OUTPUT chain
#
#
# 4.3.8 POSTROUTING chain
#
list=`cat /root/firewall/blackdomain.txt`
for domain in $list
do
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -d $domain -j DROP
done
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -i $LAN_IFACE -j ACCEPT
#update: Jan,25,2005,huzhiwen ,we use bash to realize the firewall,so we donot need the perl ,it is too heavy to use

复制代码

其中对于带宽分配有几种模式
a
b
c
每种模式的带宽不一样

对于不想用户使用的黑网站放在
/root/firewall/blackdomain.txt中,使用名字即可

由于还使用了动态域名(感谢www.3322.org)

[root@linux monitor]# cat monitorip.sh
#!/bin/bash
org_ip=`cat /root/monitor/ip.txt`
now_ip=`ifconfig|sed '/^eth/,/^ppp0/d'|sed '/^ *UP/,/$d/d'|cut -d: -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1`
#protect for case where we power off the adsl or the line is off
space=""
if [ "$space" = "$now_ip" ]
then
exit
fi
if [ $org_ip = $now_ip ]
then
echo "donot need update ip of ppp0" >> /dev/null
else
#put the new ip into file ip.txt
ifconfig|sed '/^eth/,/^ppp0/d'|sed '/^ *UP/,/$d/d'|cut -d: -f 2|cut -d ' ' -f 1 > /root/monitor/ip.txt
#update the dns
/root/ez-ipupdate/ez-ipupdate -c /root/ez-ipupdate/qdns.conf
#in order to make the system more stable,do it another 2 more times
sleep 60
/root/ez-ipupdate/ez-ipupdate -c /root/ez-ipupdate/qdns.conf
sleep 60
/root/ez-ipupdate/ez-ipupdate -c /root/ez-ipupdate/qdns.conf
#flush the firewall
/root/firewall/firewall.sh
LOGDATE=`date`
echo "$LOGDATE : IP CHANGE FROM $org_ip to $now_ip " >> /root/monitor/ipchange.log
fi

复制代码

15分钟运行一次,如果ip改变了,则更新

防火墙脚本每15分钟运行一次,以免于防火墙死掉

每小时监视adsl看是否当掉

[root@linux cron.hourly]# cat monitoradsl.sh
#!/bin/sh
device=`ifconfig|grep ppp0|cut -d ' ' -f 1`
if [ "$device" = "ppp0" ]
then
exit
else
adsl-stop
sleep 5
adsl-stop
sleep 5
adsl-start
fi

复制代码

每天重启一次adsl,脚本如下

[root@linux cron.daily]# cat restartadsl.sh
#!/bin/sh
adsl-stop
sleep 5
adsl-stop
sleep 5
adsl-start

复制代码

基本就是这样了,由于水平有限,错误难免,欢迎大家指正!!

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