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bigxu@bigxu-ThinkPad-T410:~/drbd$ cat doc_1.txt
Chapter 1. DRBD Fundamentals
第一章. DRBD基础

Table of Contents
目录

Kernel module
内核模块
User space administration tools
管理工具
Resources
资源
Resource roles
资源角色

The Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD) is a software-based, shared-nothing, replicated storage solution mirroring the content of block devices (hard disks, partitions, logical volumes etc.) between servers.

Distributed Replicated Block Device(DRBD)是一个用软件实现的、无共享的、服务器之间镜像块设备(硬盘,分区,逻辑卷)内容的同步存储解决方案。


DRBD mirrors data
DRBD镜像数据


In real time. Replication occurs continuously, while applications modify the data on the device.
当设备上的数据被应用程序修时，服务器之间会实时同步这些数据。

Transparently. The applications that store their data on the mirrored device are oblivious of the fact that the data is in fact stored on several computers.

简明利落.当应用程序在某一镜像设备上存储数据时,其实这些数据也会自动被同步到其它计算机.

Synchronously or asynchronously. With synchronous mirroring, a writing application is notified of write completion only after the write has been carried out on both computer systems. Asynchronous mirroring means the writing application is notified of write completion when the write has completed locally, but before the write has propagated to the peer system.
同步和异步.在同步镜像里,两台计算机写存储数据完成后,才会通知应用程序完成数据存储.在异步镜像里,在本机的写存储完成后,通知其它主机之前便通知应用程序完成数据存储



Kernel module
内核模块

DRBD's core functionality is implemented by way of a Linux kernel module. Specifically, DRBD constitutes a driver for a virtual block device, so DRBD is situated “right near the bottom” of a system's I/O stack. Because of this, DRBD is extremely flexible and versatile, which makes it a replication solution suitable for adding high availability to just about any application.
DRBD的核心功能通过一个Linux内核模块实现.具体来讲,DRBD构建了个虚拟的块设备.DRBD接近系统的IO栈
正因为如此，DRBD才会非常灵活和功能丰富,这使得它适合于几乎任何应用程序中添加高可用性复制解决方案

Important
DRBD is, by definition and as mandated by the Linux kernel architecture, agnostic of the layers above it. Thus, it is impossible for DRBD to miraculously add features to upper layers that these do not possess. For example, DRBD cannot auto-detect file system corruption or add active-active clustering capability to file systems like ext3 or XFS.
请注意
根据实现原理,DRBD通过Linux内核构建,不可能管理上层系统.所以它不能奇迹般的增加上层的功能.比如,DRBD不能自动检测文件系统崩溃,也不能增加文件系统的主动群集能力,比如EXT3或XFS


User space administration tools
管理工具

DRBD comes with a handful of administration tools capable of communicating with the kernel module, in order to be able to configure and administer DRBD resources.
DRBD附带了几个可以与内核通信的管理工具,目的是配置和管理DRBD资源

drbdadm. The high-level administration tool of the DRBD program suite. It obtains all DRBD configuration parameters from the configuration file /etc/drbd.conf. drbdadm acts as a front-end application for both drbdsetup and drbdmeta and hands off instructions to either of the two for actual command execution. drbdadm has a dry-run mode, invoked with the -d option, which exposes the commands issued by the back-end programs.
d4bdam.

DRBD技术方案套件的高层次的管理工具。它从配置文件/ etc / drbd.conf获取所有DRBD配置参数。 drbdadm关闭指示的实际执行命令的两个中的任何一个作为drbdsetup和drbdmeta和手的前端应用程序的行为。 drbdadm已干燥的运行模式，用- d选项，公开的后端程序发出的命令调用。

DRBD的高级管理工具,它通过配置文件/etc/drbd.conf读取DRBD所有参数.drbdadm可以作为drbdsetup和drbdmeta的前端程序,调用它们执行命令.drbdadm有一个演示模式
用-d选项,可以输入后台执行的命令

drbdsetup. The program that allows users to configure the DRBD module that has been loaded into the running kernel. It is the low-level tool within the DRBD program suite. When using this program, all configuration parameters have to be directly handed over on the command line. This allows for maximum flexibility, albeit at the price of reduced ease of use. Most users will use drbdsetup very rarely.
drbdsetup. 此工具允许用户配置已经加载到当前内核中DRBD模块,它是DRBD套件中的底级工具.通过此程序所有配置参数都可以直接通过命令行传递.用它可以增加灵活性,但却损失了易用性,大多数用户很少用到它.

drbdmeta. The program which allows users to create, dump, restore, and modify DRBD's meta data structures. This, too, is a command that most users will use only very rarely.
drbdmeta。该方案允许用户创建，转储，恢复，并修改DRBD的元数据结构。同样这也是用户很少用到一个命令


Resources
资源

In DRBD, resource is the collective term that refers to all aspects of a particular replicated storage device. These include:
在DRBD里,资源是一个统称,它涉及到实际存储设备的所有方面,包括:


Resource name. This can be any arbitrary, US-ASCII name not containing whitespace by which the resource is referred to.
资源名称.这可以比较随便,名称可以含量除空字符的以外的任意US-ASCII的字符

DRBD device. This is the virtual block device managed by DRBD. It has a device major number of 147, and its minor numbers are numbered from 0 onwards, as is customary. The associated block device is always named /dev/drbdm, where m is the device minor number.
DRBD设备。它是由DRBD技术管理的虚拟块设备。最多支持147个块设备,通常设备的标号从0开始.相关的设备总是被命名为 /dev/drbdm,m就是此设备的标号

    Note
    Very early DRBD versions “hijacked” NBD's device major number 43. This is long obsolete; 147 is the LANANA-registered DRBD device major.
    注意
    很早的DRBD版本"hijacked",NBD 设备最大数为43. LANANA-registere nrdb最大支持为147

Disk configuration. This entails the local copy of the data, and meta data for DRBD's internal use.
磁盘配置. 这就需要本的数据副本和原始数据以供DRBD使用

Network configuration. This entails all aspects of DRBD's communication with the peer node.
网络配置. 这就需要所有的DRBD结点通讯.


In DRBD, every resource has a role, which may be Primary or Secondary.
中DRBD中,每个资源有个角色，是Primary或Secondary，可以简称为主和从

    Note
    The choice of terms here is not arbitrary. These roles were deliberately not named "Active" and "Passive" by DRBD's creators. Primary vs. secondary refers to a concept related to availability of storage, whereas active vs. passive refers to the availability of an application. It is usually the case in a high-availability environment that the primary node is also the active one, but this is by no means necessary.
    注意：
    这些术语并是经常慎重选择的.开发特意没有选择用"主动"和"被动"这两个词语."主","从"意味着,是两边服务器更新是连动的. 在高可用环境下,主节点也活跃节点之一,但这并不是必须的.

    A DRBD device in the primary role can be used unrestrictedly for read and write operations. It may be used for creating and mounting file systems, raw or direct I/O to the block device, etc.
    主角色的DRBD设备可以不受限制的读和写，比如创建和映射文件系统、对于块设备的raw或直接IO访问。

    A DRBD device in the secondary role receives all updates from the peer node's device, but otherwise disallows access completely. It can not be used by applications, neither for read nor write access. The reason for disallowing even read-only access to the device is the necessity to maintain cache coherency, which would be impossible if a secondary resource were made accessible in any way.
    DRBD从设备同步相应的主设备上的所有更新,但是无全拒绝访问.不能被其它应用程序所用,包括读和写.如果从设备允许访问,甚至仅仅是只读,
    将不能保证从设备上连续缓存的一致性.

    The resource's role can, of course, be changed, either by manual intervention or by way of some automated algorithm by a cluster management application. Changing the resource role from secondary to primary is referred to as promotion, whereas the reverse operation is termed demotion.
    资源角色可以通过人工和或者或者集群软件来更换.从主到从是降级,从从到主则被称为升级.

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bigxu@bigxu-ThinkPad-T410:~/drbd$ cat doc_2.txt
Chapter 2. DRBD Features
第二章 DRBD特色

Table of Contents
内容列表

Single-primary mode
单主模式
Dual-primary mode
双主模式
Replication modes
复制模式
Multiple replication transports
多个复制传输
Efficient synchronization
有效同步
On-line device verification
在线设备验证
Replication traffic integrity checking
复制流完整性检查
Split brain notification and automatic recovery
损坏通知和自动修复
Support for disk flushes
支持硬盘刷新
Disk error handling strategies
磁盘错误处理策略
Strategies for dealing with outdated data
旧数据处理策略
Three-way replication
三路复制
Long-distance replication with DRBD Proxy
通过DRBD代理,远距离复制
Truck based replicatio

JACKLWB

期待着。。。。后面的内容。。

JACKLWB

期待着。。。。后面的内容。。

芬达7402

或者大家轮流每人翻译一章？毕竟做这个的，翻译出来比较准确易懂。