MySQL数据之间的复制

《一剑》飘香

MySQL Replicating Data 流程如下图所示：

一、MySQL主从复制

1:
配置主服务器master,编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下内容
[mysqld]
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
server-id=10

 

mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 

 

配置从服务器slave,编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下内容
[mysqld]
relay-log=slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
server-id=20

 

mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO
     >MASTER_USER='repl',
     >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
     >MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.68',
     >MASTER_PORT=3306;

mysql>START SLAVE; 

查看从服务器状态:
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;一切正常

 

 

2：如果从服务器不是一开始就主从的连接状态，而是从半道上开始进入连接状态，这个时候我们一定要记下主服务器日志的起始点，如：
配置主服务器master
[mysqld]
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
server-id=10

 

mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 

配置从服务器slave
[mysqld]
relay-log=slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
server-id=20

 

配置文件完成以后我们要做以下内容：

(1)我们可以把主服务器上的数据先备份下来，
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
mysql>SHOW MASTER STATUS;
此处一定要记下主服务器上二进制文件的起始位置，如master-bin.000006    213

(2)备份数据库:
#mysqldump -uroot -p --events --triggers --routines >/tmp/db1.sql

(3)备份完成一定要记得解表：
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;

(4)我们要将主服务器备份出来的数据库导入到从服务器中：
mysql>CREATE DATABASE db1;

#mysql -uroot -p db1 </tmp/db1.sql

(5)导入完成后我们就可以进入数据库：
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO
     >MASTER_USER='repl',
     >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
     >MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.68',
     >MASTER_PORT=3306;
     >MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000006',
     >MASTER_LOG_POS=213;

mysql>START SLAVE;

这时主从已经进入下常工作状态，并且数据可以保持一至了

 

 

3：MySQLt的主从复制之间实现SSL
服务器端配置
[mysqld]
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
server-id=10
ssl(启动SSL)
ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/certs/cacert.pem(跟据实际情况来定)
ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/certs/master.crt
ssl-key=/etc/mysql/certs/master.key
datadir=/mydata(数据的存放目录)

mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'slave.a.com' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' REQUIRE SSL;

mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

从服务器slave配置
[mysqld]
relay-log=slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=slave-bin.index
server-id=20
ssl(启动SSL)

(注：这里要配置好自己的DNS指向或hosts文件，这里需要名称解析)

mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO
     >MASTER_USER='repl',
     >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
     >MASTER_HOST='master.a.com',
     >MASTER_PORT=3306,
     >MASTER_SSL=1,
     >MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/mysql/certs/cacert.pem',
     >MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/mysql/certs/slave.crt',
     >MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/mysql/certs/slave.key';

mysql>START SLAVE;
mysql>SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;(查看SLAVE状态)

 

 

 

二、MySQL的主主复制

两个master server之间的配置如下：
[mysql]
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin-index
auto-increment-increment=2
auto-increment-offset=1
server-id=10

 

[mysqld]
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
auto-increment-increment=2
auto-increment-offset=2
server-id=20

 

启动数据库：

1.我们需要备份当前的数据库，为了在对方数据库上的应用，以节省大量的时间
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;

mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      106 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

#mysqldump -uroot --triggers --events --routines db1 >/tmp/db1.sql
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;

 

2.将备份好的数据库传送到对方的服务器上
mysql>CREATE DATABASE db1
#mysql -uroot db1 </root/db1.sql(导入数据库)

mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;

mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      106 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

同上：

 

接下来要在两服务器上实现：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_USER='db2',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
    -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.7',
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

 

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_USER='db1',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
    -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.8',
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

 

 

此是数据之间的复制已经实现