崩溃，virtualbox下安装dhcp，无论怎样都无法获取IP

sunni110sun

各位好，
本人菜鸟，各位勿笑。
我正在学习Linux，在自己的xp上安装了virtualbox，然后安装了两台centos 6.4的虚拟机，test1，test2。
我想利用虚拟机test1给test2自动分配IP，那自然要在test1上安装dhcp服务。
先用yum把dhcp安装好，然后修改dhcpd.conf配置文件，如下：

1. # dhcpd.conf
   
2. #
   
3. # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
   
4. #
   
5. 
   
6. # option definitions common to all supported networks...
   
7. option domain-name "example.org";
   
8. option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
   
9. 
   
10. default-lease-time 600;
    
11. max-lease-time 7200;
    
12. 
    
13. # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
    
14. ddns-update-style interim;
    
15. ignore client-updates;
    
16. 
    
17. # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
    
18. # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
    
19. #authoritative;
    
20. 
    
21. # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
    
22. # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
    
23. log-facility local7;
    
24. 
    
25. # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
    
26. # DHCP server to understand the network topology.
    
27. 
    
28. subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    
29. }
    
30. 
    
31. # This is a very basic subnet declaration.
    
32. 
    
33. subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
    
34.   range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
    
35.   option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
    
36. }
    
37. 
    
38. # This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
    
39. # which we don't really recommend.
    
40.   allow booting;
    
41.   allow bootp;
    
42.   next-server                   192.168.240.101;
    
43.   filename "pxelinux.0";
    
44. subnet 192.168.240.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    
45.   option routers                192.168.240.1;
    
46.   option subnet-mask            255.255.255.0;
    
47. #option domain-name-servers    192.168.56.83;
    
48.   range dynamic-bootp 192.168.240.150 192.168.240.160;
    
49.   host test1{
    
50.                 hardware ethernet 08:00:27:83:5A:F4;
    
51.                 fixed-address 192.168.240.88;
    
52. }
    
53.   #option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;
    
54.   #option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
    
55. }
    
56. 
    
57. # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
    
58. subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
    
59.   range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
    
60.   option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
    
61.   option domain-name "internal.example.org";
    
62.   option routers 10.5.5.1;
    
63.   option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
    
64.   default-lease-time 600;
    
65.   max-lease-time 7200;
    
66. }
    
67. 
    
68. # Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
    
69. # host statements.   If no address is specified, the address will be
    
70. # allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
    
71. # will still come from the host declaration.
    
72. 
    
73. host passacaglia {
    
74.   hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
    
75.   filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
    
76.   server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
    
77. }
    
78. 
    
79. # Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts.   These addresses
    
80. # should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
    
81. # Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
    
82. # BOOTP or DHCP.   Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
    
83. # be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
    
84. # to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
    
85. # set.
    
86. host fantasia {
    
87.   hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
    
88.   fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
    
89. }
    
90. 
    
91. # You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
    
92. # based on that.   The example below shows a case where all clients
    
93. # in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
    
94. # other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.
    
95. 
    
96. class "foo" {
    
97.   match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
    
98. }
    
99. 
    
100. shared-network 224-29 {
     
101.   subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     
102.     option routers rtr-224.example.org;
     
103.   }
     
104.   subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     
105.     option routers rtr-29.example.org;
     
106.   }
     
107.   pool {
     
108.     allow members of "foo";
     
109.     range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
     
110.   }
     
111.   pool {
     
112.     deny members of "foo";
     
113.     range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
     
114.   }
     
115. }

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然后启动dhcp服务，显示成功。
然后我想先测试一下test1自动获取IP地址。
test1的网络配置是host-only，因此我把虚拟出来的host-only network Ethernet adapter 网卡的dhcp服务给停掉以免干扰。
同时我把test1的网络配置修改成dhcp自动获取IP，如下：

1. DEVICE=eth0
   
2. TYPE=Ethernet
   
3. UUID=e8788375-75a3-4a48-8d88-03464d12eee7
   
4. #ONBOOT=no
   
5. ONBOOT=yes
   
6. NM_CONTROLLED=yes
   
7. BOOTPROTO=dhcp
   
8. #BOOTPROTO=none
   
9. HWADDR=08:00:27:e1:ba:ab
   
10. #Default No IPADDR,NETMASK,NETWORK,GATEWAY
    
11. #IPADDR=192.168.240.101
    
12. #NETMASK=255.255.255.0
    
13. #NETWORK=192.168.240.0
    
14. #GATEWAY=192.168.240.1
    
15. #
    
16. DEFROUTE=yes
    
17. PEERROUTES=yes
    
18. IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
    
19. IPV6INIT=no
    
20. NAME="System eth0"
    
21. USERCTL=no

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我重启网络，但发现test1的eth0网卡IP地址没有在我dhcp配置文件设定的范围内，而且是从虚拟网卡中获得的。
test1自己都无法获得正确的IP地址，那说明我上面哪一步配置有问题，也没有必要再往下进行。
这个问题困扰了我几天了，希望能够在这里得到各位的帮助，多谢！！！

chenyx

服务器ip应该是固定的才对.

sunni110sun

Ok.
已搞定。
楼上说的对，我被一个帖子误导，纠结在这里很久。
我其实是在实践PXE远程引导安装CentOS，配DHCP是必经的一步。
多谢！

chenyx

实践是检验真理的唯一标准,文档只能参考,要根据实际情况灵活改变

mike_yuan

先禁用virtual box 的dhcp功能。

cd D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox
D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage list dhcpservers
NetworkName:    HostInterfaceNetworking-VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter
IP:             192.168.56.100
NetworkMask:    255.255.255.0
lowerIPAddress: 192.168.56.101
upperIPAddress: 192.168.56.254
Enabled:        Yes
D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage dhcpserver remove --netname "HostInterfaceNetworking-VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter"