Linux上添加新硬盘

thelinux100

系统：Redhat AS3 UP3
硬盘：scsi
注意：# 表示是root用户执行的命令

1. 
   
2. [root@cncmail data1]# fdisk -l ## 这里是查看目前系统上有几块硬盘
   
3. 
   
4. Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
   
5. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
   
6. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   
7. 
   
8. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
   
9. /dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
   
10. /dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
    
11. /dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
    
12. /dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
    
13. /dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
    
14. /dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
    
15. 
    
16. Partition table entries are not in disk order
    
17. 
    
18. Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes ## 这里发现/dev/sdb，容量36.7G，切未被分区
    
19. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
    
20. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    
21. 
    
22. Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
    
23. [root@linux root]# fdisk /dev/sdb ## 接下去就对/dev/sdb分区进行分区
    
24. 
    
25. The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4462.
    
26. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    
27. and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    
28. 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    
29. 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
    
30. (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    
31. 
    
32. Command (m for help): m
    
33. Command action
    
34. a toggle a bootable flag
    
35. b edit bsd disklabel
    
36. c toggle the dos compatibility flag
    
37. d delete a partition
    
38. l list known partition types
    
39. m print this menu
    
40. n add a new partition
    
41. o create a new empty DOS partition table
    
42. p print the partition table
    
43. q quit without saving changes
    
44. s create a new empty Sun disklabel
    
45. t change a partition's system id
    
46. u change display/entry units
    
47. v verify the partition table
    
48. w write table to disk and exit
    
49. x extra functionality (experts only)
    
50. 
    
51. Command (m for help): p ## 打印出目前该硬盘下的分区列表
    
52. 
    
53. Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
    
54. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
    
55. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    
56. 
    
57. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
    
58. 
    
59. Command (m for help): n ## 增加一个分区
    
60. Command action
    
61. e extended
    
62. p primary partition (1-4)
    
63. ## 因为通常选择主分区，所以这里打一个p
    
64. p
    
65. Partition number (1-4): 1 ## 这里因为是第一个分却，所以只选择1，如果是第二个分区，则选择2,依次类推
    
66. First cylinder (1-4462, default 1): ## 新分区起始的磁盘块数
    
67. Using default value 1
    
68. Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4462, default 4462):
    
69. 如果要分区10G，这里可以直接输入：+10240M，因为这里要全部使用硬盘空间，则用默认
    
70. Using default value 4462
    
71. 
    
72. Command (m for help): p
    
73. 
    
74. Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
    
75. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
    
76. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    
77. 
    
78. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
    
79. /dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
    
80. ## 这里第一个分区已经分好了，接下去得把这个分区写入硬盘，用w
    
81. Command (m for help): w
    
82. The partition table has been altered!
    
83. 
    
84. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    
85. Syncing disks.
    

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下面的工作就是对该硬盘进行格式，我这里是格式化成ext3

1. [root@linux root]# mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1
   
2. mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
   
3. Filesystem label=
   
4. OS type: Linux
   
5. Block size=4096 (log=2)
   
6. Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
   
7. 4480448 inodes, 8960245 blocks
   
8. 448012 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
   
9. First data block=0
   
10. 274 block groups
    
11. 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
    
12. 16352 inodes per group
    
13. Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    
14. 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
    
15. 4096000, 7962624
    
16. 
    
17. Writing inode tables: done
    
18. Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    
19. Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    
20. 
    
21. This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
    
22. 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

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检查一下，是否已经格式话好

1. [root@linux root]# fdisk -l
   
2. 
   
3. Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
   
4. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
   
5. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   
6. 
   
7. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
   
8. /dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
   
9. /dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
   
10. /dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
    
11. /dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
    
12. /dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
    
13. /dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
    
14. 
    
15. Partition table entries are not in disk order
    
16. 
    
17. Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
    
18. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
    
19. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    
20. 
    
21. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
    
22. /dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux

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分区分好，也格式化好了，下面就是挂载
我把/dev/sdb1挂载到/data1下

1. [root@linux root]# mkdir /data1 ## 首先建立挂载的目录data1
   
2. [root@linux root]# vi /etc/fstab ##

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修改/etc/fstab，使系统启动就可以自动挂载，当然也可以用mount命令，这里我习惯用这个！

1. LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
   
2. LABEL=/bak /bak ext3 defaults,quota 1 2
   
3. /dev/sdb1 /data1 ext3 defaults 1 2
   
4. none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
   
5. none /proc proc defaults 0 0
   
6. none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
   
7. LABEL=/usr /usr ext3 defaults 1 2
   
8. LABEL=/var /var ext3 defaults 1 2
   
9. /dev/sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
   
10. /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom udf,iso9660 noauto,owner,kudzu,ro 0 0
    
11. /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,owner,kudzu 0 0

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重起后，把系统重起一下，查看是否挂载成功：

1. [root@linux data1]# df -h

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文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点

1. /dev/sda1 2.0G 454M 1.4G 25% /
   
2. /dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
   
3. /dev/sdb1 34G 33M 32G 1% /data1
   
4. none 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm
   
5. /dev/sda2 9.7G 1.5G 7.7G 17% /usr
   
6. /dev/sda5 9.7G 8.6G 559M 95% /var

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这里看到/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
说明已经挂载成功。
本文原始链接：http://www.jbxue.com/linuxjishu/4935.html