本帖最后由 有机天使 于 2014-12-23 14:54 编辑
一、 环境介绍1. 目的在没有光驱的情况下客户端服务器进行solaris10 1/13系统重装 2. 基础环境安装服务器：SUN M8000, 已安装OracleSolaris 10 1/13， ixgbe0ip：192.168.0.101 e1000g1ip:192.168.9.10 客户端：SUN M8000，无光驱， ixgbe0ip：192.168.0.100 e1000g1ip:192.168.9.11 联网方式：两台主机的千兆口直连，万兆口通过交换机连接（同一网段） 千兆口：e1000g0与e1000g1 万兆口：ixgbe0与ixgbe1 安装介质：一张Solaris 10 DVD安装光盘 二、 实验步骤1. 确定网卡是否启用自身的MAC地址在SPARC平台上，每个基于SPARC的系统都具有系统范围的MAC的地址，默认情况下所有的接口都使用该地址，故默认情况下,每个接口的MAC地址是相同的，但要使用IPMP，则组中的每个接口必须具有唯一的MAC地址，这些地址必须使用出厂安装的MAC地址。可以使用“eeprom local-mac-address?”命令来检测当前系统的所有接口是否使用了系统范围的MAC地址： # eepromlocal-mac-address? local-mac-address?=flase 若对eeprpm命令相应的值为false，则表示所有的接口使用的是系统范围的MAC地址，需将值改为true（服务器端与客户端均如此） # eepromlocal-mac-address?=true # eepromlocal-mac-address? local-mac-address?=true 2. 客户端检查网卡状态1) xscf界面网络安装必须要通过网卡引导，所以首先要确定主机的多个网卡中，那个网卡承担了此引导工作，并且状态是否开启： a) 检查可识别的网卡 {20}ok show-nets a)/pci@1,700000/network@0,1 b)/pci@1,700000/network@0 c)/pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1,1 d)/pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1 q)NO SELECTION EnterSelection, q to quit: q 通过此命令可得知共识别出了4块网卡（全是电口，光口网卡无法识别） b) 检查设定的net别名 {20}ok devalias net net /pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@ 通过此命令可得知“pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@”为可进行网络引导的网卡 c) 检查网卡状态 {20} ok watch-net-all /pci@1,700000/network@0,1 Timed outwaiting for Autonegotation to complete Check cable andtry again 1000 Mbps full duplex Link up (此网口状态为link up)
Looking for Ethernet Packets.
'.' is a Good Packet. 'X' is a Bad Packet.
Type any key to stop.
........................... /pci@1,700000/network@0 Timed outwaiting for Autonegotation to complete Check cable andtry again 1000 Mbps full duplex Link up (此网口状态为link up)
Looking for Ethernet Packets.
'.' is a Good Packet. 'X' is a Bad Packet.
Type any key to stop. ........................... /pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1,1 Timed out waiting for Autonegotation to complete
Check cable and try again
Link Down /pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1 Timed out waiting for Autonegotation to complete
Check cable and try again
Link Down 通过此命令可知“pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@”状态都为link并down没有开启，无法接受和发送数据包，而“/pci@1,700000/network@0”和“/pci@1,700000/network@0,1”是Linkup状态，可以收发数据包，故需将net的网卡设置为linkup状态的网卡 d) 设置引导网卡 {20} ok nvaliasnet /pci@1,700000/network@0,1（将当前link up的网口设定为net别名 ） {20} ok devaliasnet net /pci@1,700000/network@0,1 e) 查看MAC地址 {20} ok cd/pci@1,700000/network@0,1 {20} ok.properties …………………… local-mac-address 00 15 17 f7 22 3d …………………… 将此地址记录 2) Solaris界面此步骤不是必须做的，进入客户端系统，查看网卡的MAC地址，再次核对： # ifconfig –a (客户端) e1000g1: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu1500 index 2 inet 192.168.9.11 netmask ffffff00broadcast 192.168.9.255 ether 0:15:17:f7:22:3d 3. 安装服务器配置1) 拷贝solaris光盘#mkdir -p /export/home/ dvdsparc #创建安装目录 #cd /cdrom/sol_10_1106_sparc/Solaris_10/Tools #进入光盘路径 #./setup_install_server /export/home/dvdsparc#将光盘数据拷贝到dvdsparc目录中 此过程时间会较长，命令执行完成后，/export/home/dvdsparc目录会生成Solaris光盘中的所有数据 2) 确定网络状态 客户端开启e1000g1（/pci@1,700000/network@0,1）网卡为可进行引导的网卡，故需确保此客户端网卡与安装服务器端的网卡在同一子网内（如果不在同一子网，则需增加引导服务器） # ifconfig –a （服务器端） e1000g1:flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.9.10 netmaskffffff00 broadcast 192.168.9.255 ether0:15:17:f2:8c:7f 客户端e1000g1与安装服务器端的e1000g1同属一个网段 或者通过“ more /etc/path_to_inst|grep net”命令查看路径名来确定网卡。 # more /etc/path_to_inst |grep net "/pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1" 0"bge" "/pci@0,600000/pci@0,1/network@1,1" 1"bge" "/pci@1,700000/network@0" 0 "e1000g" "/pci@1,700000/network@0,1" 1 "e1000g" "/pci@3,700000/ethernet@0" 0 "ixgbe" "/pci@5,700000/ethernet@0" 1 "ixgbe" 3) 添加MAC地址在关机状态下，客户端与服务器端要实现数据的通信，除了网络是互通的外，还需要彼此识别，这里的识别就必须要通过唯一的MAC地址来进行识别，故需将客户端的MAC地址添加到安装服务器中的配置文件内 # vi /etc/ethers 0:15:17:f7:22:3d client.e1000g1 #添加客户端网卡的mac地址与主机名称 如果ethers文件不存在，则可自己建立 4)设置名称识别在服务器端配置客户端的主机名与IP地址： # more /etc/hosts # # Internet host table # 127.0.0.1 localhost loghost wangbobo 192.168.9.10 server.e1000g1 192.168.9.11 clinet.e1000g1 5)设置NFS共享 将安装目录通过nfs注册共享，需要在/etc/dfs/dfstab中添加一行 Share–F nfs -o ro,anon=0 -d "install server directory"/export/home/dvdsparc # cat /etc/dfs/dfstab share -F nfs -o ro,anon=0 -d"install server directory" /export/home/dvdsparc # svcs -a | grep nfs #检查NFS服务状态 disabled 14:21:41 svc:/network/nfs/server:default#关闭，需开启 online 11:43:55 svc:/network/nfs/cbd:default online 11:43:55svc:/network/nfs/status:default online 11:43:55svc:/network/nfs/mapid:default online 11:43:55 svc:/network/nfs/nlockmgr:default online 11:43:57svc:/network/nfs/client:default online 11:43:58svc:/network/nfs/rquota:default # svcadm enable svc:/network/nfs/server #开启nfs服务 bash-3.2# svcs -a | grep nfs online 11:43:55 svc:/network/nfs/cbd:default online 11:43:55svc:/network/nfs/status:default online 11:43:55svc:/network/nfs/mapid:default online 11:43:55svc:/network/nfs/nlockmgr:default online 11:43:57svc:/network/nfs/client:default online 11:43:58 svc:/network/nfs/rquota:default online 15:32:22svc:/network/nfs/server:default #shareall #共享安装目录 #share #查看共享目录 - /export/home/solaris10 ro,anon=0"install server directory" 6)添加网络安装客户端启动镜像bash-3.2# cd /export/home/dvdsparc/Solaris_10/Tools/ bash-3.2# ./add_install_client clinet-e1000g1sun4u making/tftpboot enablingtftp in /etc/inetd.conf Converting/etc/inetd.conf enablingnetwork/tftp/udp6 service enablingnetwork/rarp service enablingnetwork/rpc/bootparams service updating/etc/bootparams copyingboot file to /tftpboot/inetboot.SUN4U.Solaris_10-1 4. 客户端安装系统1)检查网卡MAC地址通过前期提及的“.properties”命令来核对客户端网卡的MAC地址与服务器端的配置是否相符。 2)开始安装系统客户端进入ok状态 ok boot net Sun Fire Vxx0, Keyboard present
Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.1x.xx, 1024 MB memory installed, Serial #85583740.
Ethernet address 8:0:20:ab:cd:ef, Host ID: 80abcdef. Rebooting with command: boot net
Boot device: /pci@1,700000/network@0,1 File and args:
2aa00
Use is subject to license terms.
whoami: no domain name
Configuring /dev and /devices
Using RPC Bootparams for network configuration information.
Configured interface ce0
Searching for configuration file(s)...
Search complete. Select a Language #选择语言 0. English 1.Brazilian Portuguese 2.French 3.German 4.Italian 5.Japanese 6.Korean 7.Simplified Chinese 8.Spanish 9.Swedish 10.Traditional Chinese Please make a choice (0 - 10), or press hor ? for help: 0 #选择0 What type of terminal are you using? #选择终端 1)ANSI Standard CRT 2)DEC VT52 3) DEC VT100 4)Heathkit 19 5)Lear Siegler ADM31 6)PC Console 7)Sun Command Tool  Sun Workstation 9)Televideo 910 10)Televideo 925 11)Wyse Model 50 12)X Terminal Emulator (xterms) 13)CDE Terminal Emulator (dtterm) 14)Other Type the number of your choice and pressReturn: 3 Completing system identification... - The Oracle Solaris Installation Program-------------------------------------- TheSolaris installation program is divided into a series of short sections where you'll be prompted to provide information for the installation. At theend of each section, you'll be able to change the selections you've made before continuing. About navigation... - The mouse cannot be used - If your keyboard does not have function keys, or they do not respond, press ESC; the legend at the bottom of the screen will change to show the ESC keys to use for navigation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help #一些信息提示，选择F2 - Identify This System--------------------------------------------------------- On the next screens, you must identify thissystem as networked or non-networked, and set the default timezone and date/time. Ifthis system is networked, the software will try to find the information it needs to identify your system; you will beprompted to supply any information it cannot find. > To begin identifying this system, pressF2. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help #开始配置系统信息，选择F2 - ConfigureMultiple Network Interfaces ------------#选择要配置的网络接口 Multiple network interfaces have beendetected on this system. Specify all of the network interfaces you want toconfigure. Note: You must choose at least one interfaceto configure. Network interfaces ------------------ [ ]e1000g0 [ ] e1000g1 [ ] bge0 [ ] bge1 [X] ixgbe0 #选择两块网卡启用 [X] ixgbe1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Primary NetworkInterface ---------------------- #设置主网络接口 On this screen you must specify which of thefollowing network adapters is the system's primary network interface. Usually the correct choice is the lowest number. However, do not guess; ask your systemadministrator if you're not sure. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Primary network interface ------------------------- [X] ixgbe0 #选择ixgbe0为主网络接口 [ ] ixgbe1 F2_Continue F6_Help - DHCP forixgbe0 ---------- #是否为ixgbe0启用dhcp Specify whether or not this network interfaceshould use DHCP to configure itself. Choose Yes if DHCP is to be used, or No if the network interface is to be configured manually. NOTE: DHCP support will not be enabled, ifselected, until after the system reboots. Use DHCP for ixgbe0 ------------------- [ ] Yes [X] No #本环境下选择不启用DHCP -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Host Name for ixgbe0-----------------# hostname的名称设置，一个网卡一个名称 Enter the host name which identifies thissystem on the network. The name must be unique within your domain; creating aduplicate host name will cause problems on the network after you installSolaris. A host name must have at least one character;it can contain letters, digits, and minus signs (-). Host name for ixgbe0 clinet-ixgbe0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - IP Address forixgbe0 #为ixgbe0网卡设置IP地址 Enter the Internet Protocol (IP) address forthis network interface. It must be unique and follow your site's addressconventions, or a system/network failure could result. IP addresses contain four sets of numbersseparated by periods (for example 129.200.9.1). IP address for ixgbe0 192.168.0.100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Subnet forixgbe0 ----------------------------#选择子网系统 On this screen you must specify whether thissystem is part of a subnet. If you specify incorrectly, the system will haveproblems communicating on the network after you reboot. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and pressReturn to mark it [X]. System part of a subnet ----------------------- [X] Yes [ ] No -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Netmask forixgbe0 -------------------------#为ixgbe0设置子网掩码 On this screen you must specify the netmaskof your subnet. A default netmask is shown; do not accept the defaultunless you are sure it is correct for your subnet. A netmask must contain four sets of numbers separated by periods (for example255.255.255.0). Netmask for ixgbe0 255.255.255.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - IPv6 forixgbe0 ---------------------------#设置IPV6 Specify whether or not you want to enableIPv6, the next generation Internet Protocol, on this network interface. Enabling IPv6 will have no effect if this machine is not on a network thatprovides IPv6 service. IPv4 service will not be affected if IPv6 is enabled. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and pressReturn to mark it [X]. Enable IPv6 for ixgbe0 ---------------------- [ ] Yes [X] No -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Set theDefault Route for ixgbe0 ----------------------#配置路由信息 To specify the default route, you can let thesoftware try to detect one upon reboot, you can specify the IP addressof the router, or you can choose None. Choose None if you do not have a router on your subnet. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto select your choice and press Return to mark it [X]. Default Route for ixgbe0 -------------------------- [] Detect one upon reboot [ X] Specify one #本实验环境选择自己指定路由 [ ] None -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Default RouteIP Address for ixgbe0 --------------------#设置路由的地址 Enter the IP address of the default route.This entry will be placed in the /etc/defaultrouter file and will be thedefault route after you reboot (example 129.146.89.225). Router IP Address for ixgbe0 192.168.0.1 #网卡地址 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Confirm Informationfor ixgbe0 ----------#选择主网卡的配置信息 > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. Primary network interface: ixgbe0 Secondary network interfaces: ixgbe1 Use DHCP: No Host name:rdmsdb02a-ixgbe0 IP address:10.78.56.24 System part of a subnet: Yes Netmask:255.255.255.128 Enable IPv6: No Default Route: Specifyone Router IP Address: 10.78.56.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help #可选择F4进行变更，否则F2继续 （如果有第二块网卡，接下来要进行第二块网卡的配置，过程与第一块相同） - ConfigureSecurity Policy: ------------------------- #选择安全机制 Specify Yes if the system will use theKerberos security mechanism. Specify No if this system will use standardUNIX security. Configure Kerberos Security --------------------------- [ ] Yes [X] No -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - ConfirmInformation ----------------------------------------#信息的确认 > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. Configure Kerberos Security: No -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help Starting remoteprocedure call (RPC) services: - Name Service----------------------------#名称服务的安装 On this screen you must provide name serviceinformation. Select the name service that will be used by this system, orNone if your system will either not use a name service at all, or if it willuse a name service not listed here. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Name service ------------ [] NIS+ [ ] NIS [ ] DNS [ ] LDAP [X] None #选择不安装 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - ConfirmInformation ------------------------------- #信息确认 > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. Name service: None -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help - NFSv4 DomainName -----------------------------#NFSv4的名称（使用系统的域名服务器） NFS version 4 uses a domain name that isautomatically derived from the system's naming services. The derived domainname is sufficient for most configurations. In a few cases, mounts thatcross domain boundaries might cause files to appear to be owned by"nobody" due to the lack of a common domain name. The current NFSv4 default domain is:"" NFSv4 Domain Configuration ---------------------------------------------- [X] Use the NFSv4 domain derived by the system #选择默认 [ ] Specify a different NFSv4 domain -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - ConfirmInformation for NFSv4 Domain ---------------------#对NFSv4域名信息的确认 > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. NFSv4 Domain Name: << Value to be derived dynamically>> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help - Time Zone-------------------------------------#选择时区 On this screen you must specify your defaulttime zone. You can specify a time zone in three ways: select one of the continents or oceans fromthe list, select other - offset from GMT, or other- specify time zone file. > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Continents and Oceans ---------------------------------- - [ ]Africa | [ ]Americas | [ ]Antarctica | [ ]Arctic Ocean | [X] Asia | [ ]Atlantic Ocean | [ ]Australia | [ ]Europe v [ ]Indian Ocean -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Country orRegion ------------------------------------------------------------ > To make a selection, use the arrow keysto highlight the option and pressReturn to mark it [X]. Countries and Regions ------------------------ - [ ]Afghanistan | [ ]Armenia | [ ]Azerbaijan | [ ]Bahrain | [ ]Bangladesh | [ ]Bhutan | [ ]Brunei | [ ]Cambodia | [X] China | [ ]Cyprus | [ ]East Timor | [ ]Georgia v [ ]Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help - Date and Time----------------------------- #当前的日期与时间 > Accept the default date and time orenter new values. Date and time: 2014-12-18 15:34 Year (4 digits) : 2014 Month (1-12) : 12 Day (1-31) : 18 Hour (0-23) : 15 Minute (0-59) : 34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help
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发表于 2014-12-23 14:47
ause". Enter 'p' to pause. Enter 'c' to
