[原创] perl WebServices客户端

swallor

这是一个简单的perl WebServices客户端示例，阅读下面内容最好了解下列技术：

WebServices框架协议
HTTP SOAP协议
XML言语
RPC远程过程调用

该示例调用XMethods的 temperature service（http://www.xmethods.com/ve2/ViewListing.po;jsessionid=wwY9oY_kCAvsXXW3l9-V4Jes(QHyMHiRM)?key=uuid:477CEED8-1EDD-89FA-1070-6C2DBE1685F8）。temperature服务根据请求的美国某地区的邮码返回该地区当前的温度。

下面先看看完整的perl代码，然后我会对关键代码分步做出说明。
temperatureclient.pl

1. 
   
2. #!/usr/bin/perl -w
   
3. # 一个简单的web service client.调用XMethods temperature service.
   
4. # http://www.xmethods.com
   
5. 
   
6. use strict;
   
7. use SOAP::EnvelopeMaker;
   
8. use SOAP::Parser;
   
9. use SOAP::Struct;
   
10. use SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Client;
    
11. 
    
12. my $zipcode = shift; $zipcode =~ /^\d+$/ or die "USAGE: $0 U.Szipcode\n";
    
13. my ($server, $port,$endpoint, $soapaction, $method, $method_urn,$message, $envelope, $response, $parser);
    
14. 
    
15. # service address
    
16. $server = 'services.xmethods.net';
    
17. $port = 80;
    
18. $endpoint = '/soap/servlet/rpcrouter';
    
19. 
    
20. $soapaction ='';
    
21. $method = 'getTemp';
    
22. # operator namespace
    
23. $method_urn = 'urn:xmethods-Temperature';
    
24. 
    
25. # create SOAP envelope
    
26. $envelope = SOAP::EnvelopeMaker->;new(\$message);
    
27. 
    
28. # set SOAP body,zipcode is the parameter name
    
29. $envelope->;set_body($method_urn, $method, 0,SOAP::Struct->;new(zipcode=>;$zipcode));
    
30. # create client call
    
31. $response = SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Client->;new()->;send_receive($server, $port,
    
32. $endpoint,$method_urn, $method,$message);
    
33. 
    
34. # parser SOAP response message
    
35. $parser = SOAP::Parser->;new;
    
36. $parser->;parsestring($response);
    
37. # get SOAP body
    
38. $response = $parser->;get_body;
    
39. 
    
40. if (exists $response->;{return}) {
    
41.      print "$zipcode Temperature: $response->;{return}\n";
    
42. } else {
    
43.      print "A fault ($response->;{faultcode}) occurred: " .$response->;{faultstring}\n";
    
44. }
    
45. exit;
    

复制代码

如果你要在你的机子上测试以上程序，请确认是否安装了perl SOAP模块（下载地址:http://search.cpan.org/~kbrown/SOAP-0.28/）.

请打开温度服务的WSDL：http://www.xmethods.net/sd/2001/TemperatureService.wsdl对照阅读。

1. 
   
2. # service address
   
3. $server = 'services.xmethods.net';
   
4. $endpoint = '/soap/servlet/rpcrouter';
   
5. 
   
6. $soapaction ='';
   
7. $method = 'getTemp';
   
8. # operator namespace
   
9. $method_urn = 'urn:xmethods-Temperature';
   

复制代码

从WSDL中获得以上信息：$server 服务地址，$port 端口号，$endpoint 服务端点，$method 调用方法，$method_urn 方法的名称空间，还有一个参数名称：zipcode。

1. 
   
2. # create SOAP envelope
   
3. $envelope = SOAP::EnvelopeMaker->;new(\$message);
   
4. # set SOAP body,zipcode is the parameter name
   
5. $envelope->;set_body($method_urn, $method, 0,SOAP::Struct->;new(zipcode=>;$zipcode));
   

复制代码

创建一个SOAP封套，传入一个字符串引用用来保存Envelope结构；当调用完set_body方法后，$message中将存有类似下面的SOAP消息：(为了便于阅读，我对其进行了格式化)

1. 
   
2. <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
   
3. xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema"
   
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance"
   
5. xmlns:n1="urn:xmethods-Temperature"
   
6. s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">;
   
7. <s:Body>;
   
8.    <n1:getTemp id="ref-1" s:root="1">;
   
9.    <zipcode>;94041</zipcode>;
   
10.    </n1:getTemp>;
    
11. </s:Body>;
    
12. </s:Envelope>;
    

复制代码

接着进行客户端调用，

1. 
   
2. # create client call
   
3. $response = SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Client->;new()->;send_receive($server, $port,
   
4. $endpoint, $method_urn, $method,$message);
   

复制代码

创建一个HTTP SOAP客户端，向服务器发送请求，并将服务器SOAP响应保存的$response中，如下：

1. 
   
2. <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>;
   
3. <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
   
4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   
5. xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">;
   
6. <SOAP-ENV:Body>;
   
7. <ns1:getTempResponse xmlns:ns1="urn:xmethods-Temperature"
   
8. SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">;
   
9. <return xsi:type="xsd:float">;69.0</return>;
   
10. </ns1:getTempResponse>;
    
11. 
    
12. </SOAP-ENV:Body>;
    
13. </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>;
    

复制代码

解析SOAP响应，取得body，返回一个哈希引用，里面包含SOAP body中XML文档结构。

1. 
   
2. # parser SOAP response message
   
3. $parser = SOAP::Parser->;new;
   
4. $parser->;parsestring($response);
   
5. # get SOAP body
   
6. $response = $parser->;get_body;
   

复制代码

最后打印出温度值.

1. 
   
2. if (exists $response->;{return}) {
   
3.     print "$zipcode Temperature: $response->;{return}\n";
   
4. } else {
   
5.     print "A fault ($response->;{faultcode}) occurred: " .$response->;{faultstring}\n";
   
6. }
   

复制代码

相关参考

SOAP 1.1规范 http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE-SOAP-20000508/
IBM developerWorks webservice专区 http://www-900.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/
<<rogramming Web Services with Perl>;>; By Pavel Kulchenko, Randy J. Ray http://safari.oreilly.com/

*更爽目的格式请阅读我的Blog http://swallor.blogdriver.com/swallor/index.html

另：我将该示例发在了XMethods上，借宝地存放一下源代码，为了perl的推广，请板主大人不要删除！谢谢！(唉，不让上传,另找地儿了：（)

Qiang

nice.

I believe fayland did something similar like this. oh, here
http://www.1313s.com/f/xml-rpc-client.html

apile

我有過寫一個更簡單的...
Server端是用Java寫的..
Client端如下.....很簡單吧..只要有SOAP::Lite與wsdl
一切都沒問題....

1. 
   
2. use SOAP::Lite;
   
3. my $dat = getdata(shift);
   
4. sub getdata(){
   
5.   my ($d)=@_;
   
6. #讀wsdl file
   
7.   my $service = SOAP::Lite
   
8.     ->;service('file:/xxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xxxx.wsdl');
   
9. #----連上Webservice Server呼叫Server提供的method queryMethod
   
10. #----取得回傳值
    
11.   my $data= eval{
    
12.     local $SIG{ALRM}=sub {die "timeout\n"};
    
13.     alarm(5);  #---timeout---
    
14.     my $data=$service->;queryMethod(1,$d,"","xxxx");
    
15.     return $data;
    
16.   };
    
17.   alarm(0);
    
18.   $data;
    
19. }
    

复制代码

swallor

原帖由 "Qiang" 发表：
nice.

I believe fayland did something similar like this. oh, here
http://www.1313s.com/f/xml-rpc-client.html

Frontier只是一个基于XML技术的一个RPC应用库，它不同于同样基于XML技术的WebServices应用，SOAP技术有自己的规范。SOAP应用有很多种可能的实现技术，如SMTP，HTTP等等。基于HTTP的SOAP协议是将底层RPC请求与响应映射为HTTP请求与响应，SOAP请求与响应的XML或准确的叫消息Message必须按照SOAP的编码规范进行编码，而Frontier的编码是XMLRPC的编码，规范不同。
这里有SOAP规范：http://www.w3.org
这里有XMLRPC规范：http://www.xmlrpc.com/spec

libiqing77

我现在要用一个网络服务，它的wsdl如下：
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/webservices/wsdl/WSInterProScan.wsdl
这个服务的网络地址是
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/webservices/whatizit/info.jsf
我简单介绍一下，这个服务是文本处理，将你提交的文本中的基因、药物、疾病或者是蛋白质的信息标注出来，这个参数是由你自己选择的。我只需用到其中的一个方法contact，参数有三个，pipelineName、text和convertToHtml，其中pipelineName就是选择标注基因，还是蛋白质，还是疾病，text就是你要输入的文本信息，convertToHtml控制输出格式为Html还是XML。
我编写的程序如下：
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use SOAP::Lite;
my $str='Quercetin, a ubiquitous bioactive plant flavonoid, has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and induce the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in normoxia. In this study, under hypoxic conditions (1% O(2)), we examined the effect of quercetin on the intracellular level of HIF-1alpha and extracellular level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a variety of human cancer cell lines. Surprisingly, we observed that quercetin suppressed the HIF-1alpha accumulation during hypoxia in human prostate cancer LNCaP, colon cancer CX-1, and breast cancer SkBr3 cells. Quercetin treatment also significantly reduced hypoxia-induced secretion of VEGF. Suppression of HIF-1alpha accumulation during treatment with quercetin in hypoxia was not prevented by treatment with 26S proteasome inhibitor MG132 or PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Interestingly, hypoxia (1% O(2)) in the presence of 100 microM quercetin inhibited protein synthesis by 94% during incubation for 8 h. Significant quercetin concentration-dependent inhibition of protein synthesis and suppression of HIF-1alpha accumulation were observed under hypoxic conditions. Treatment with 100 microM cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, replicated the effect of quercetin by inhibiting HIF-1alpha accumulation during hypoxia. These results suggest that suppression of HIF-1alpha accumulation during treatment with quercetin under hypoxic conditions is due to inhibition of protein synthesis. J. Cell. Biochem. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.';
my $whatizit=SOAP::Lite -> service('http://www.ebi.ac.uk/webservices/whatizit/ws?wsdl');
my %parameters=();
$parameters{'pipelineName'}='whatizitSwissprotGo2';
$parameters{'text'}=$str;
$parameters{'convertToHtml'}='false';
print $whatizit->contact(
             SOAP:ata->name('parameters')->type(map=>\%parameters)
             );
但是怎么也得不到结果，请各位高手指点迷津。