[新手分享]把hash中姓名排序

laoxia

本脚本把

my %last_name = qw {
  fred flintstone Wilma Flintstone Barney Rubble
  betty rubbel Bamm-Bamm Rubble PEBBLES FLINSTONE
};

进行sorting. 具体要求是：

Make a program that will print the following hash''s data sorted in case-insensitive
alphabetical order by last name ( 首先按姓排序， 不计大小写)
When the last names are the same. sort those by first name( again, without
regard for case)  (当姓一样时，按名排序，不计大小写)
All of the people with same family name should be grouped together( 所有
姓相同的项应相邻)
The names should be printed with the same capitaliztion as shown here (
最后结果不改变原来的字母大小写)

# ./perlt
FLINSTONE, PEBBLES
flintstone, fred
Flintstone, Wilma
rubbel, betty
Rubble, Bamm-Bamm
Rubble, Barney

1. 
   
2. #!/usr/local/bin/perl
   
3. my %last_name = qw {
   
4.   fred flintstone Wilma Flintstone Barney Rubble
   
5.   betty rubbel Bamm-Bamm Rubble PEBBLES FLINSTONE
   
6. };
   
7. 
   
8. my @keys = sort {
   
9. "L$last_name{$a}" cmp "L$last_name{$b}"
   
10.   or
    
11. "L$a" cmp "L$b"
    
12. } keys %last_name;
    
13. 
    
14. foreach (@keys) {
    
15.   print "$last_name{$_}, $_
16. ";
    
17. }

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三剑侠客

请教程序中的\L是啥意思？？？特殊字符？还是？？？
请指教!谢谢

gunguymadman007

就是啊    有没有哪位大虾解释一下

melocy

感觉应该是\L***\E组合，转换为小写。

1. 
   
2. [mhung@mybsd ~]$ cat  w1.pl
   
3. #!/usr/bin/perl
   
4. 
   
5. my %last_name = qw {
   
6.   fred flintstone Wilma Flintstone Barney Rubble
   
7.   betty rubbel Bamm-Bamm Rubble PEBBLES FLINSTONE
   
8. };
   
9. 
   
10. my @keys = sort {
    
11. "\L$last_name{$a}\E" cmp "\L$last_name{$b}\E"
    
12.   or
    
13. "\L$a\E" cmp "\L$b\E"
    
14. } keys %last_name;
    
15. 
    
16. foreach (@keys) {
    
17.   print "$last_name{$_}, $_
    
18. ";
    
19. }
    
20. 
    
21. [mhung@mybsd ~]$ ./w1.pl
    
22. FLINSTONE, PEBBLES
    
23. Flintstone, Wilma
    
24. Rubble, Bamm-Bamm
    
25. Rubble, Barney
    
26. flintstone, fred
    
27. rubbel, betty
    
28. 
    

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aaronvox

强烈要求大虾解释下....

ulmer

原帖由 aaronvox 于 2006-7-20 13:19 发表
强烈要求大虾解释下....

simplyfine just set string as lowercase to compare with each other.
you can use lc() instead of \L...\E.

see perldoc -f lc
lc EXPR -- Returns a lowercased version of EXPR.  
                This is the internal function implementing the "\L" escape in double-quoted strings.
                ......
see perldoc perlre
  \L          lowercase till \E (think vi)
  \U          uppercase till \E (think vi)
  \E          end case modification (think vi)

i.e.:

1. 
   
2. # bad writewise:
   
3. #my %last_name = qw {
   
4. #  fred flintstone Wilma Flintstone Barney Rubble
   
5. #  betty rubbel Bamm-Bamm Rubble PEBBLES FLINSTONE
   
6. #};
   
7. # better
   
8. my %last_name =(
   
9.   'fred'      => 'flintstone',
   
10.   'Wilma'     => 'Flintstone',
    
11.   'Barney'    => 'Rubble',
    
12.   'betty'     => 'rubbel',
    
13.   'Bamm-Bamm' => 'Rubble',
    
14.   'PEBBLES'   => 'FLINSTONE',
    
15. );
    
16. print Dumper(\%last_name);
    
17. my @sorted_by_keys_no_matter_lower_or_upercase =  sort {
    
18.         #"\L$last_name{$a}\E" cmp "\L$last_name{$b}\E"  or "\L$a\E" cmp "\L$b\E"
    
19.         lc($a) cmp lc($b)     # compare with key
    
20.         or
    
21.         lc($last_name{$a}) cmp lc($last_name{$b})    # compare with value
    
22.     }  keys %last_name;    # array
    
23. 
    
24. print "Sorted keys:\n";
    
25. print Dumper(\@sorted_by_keys_no_matter_lower_or_upercase);
    
26. 
    

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Best,
      ulmer


-----------
Just 4 Fun

[ 本帖最后由 ulmer 于 2006-7-20 20:12 编辑 ]

aaronvox

嘿嘿 不错
以后可以用来吓唬人了

enjoy48

这个不是Learning Perl里面的习题么

alexru

是LEARNING　PERL里的习题哈